To the question how the independence of the Judiciary is preserved, I suggest a fourfold answer:

first, by appropriate machinery for appointment of Judges; secondly, by giving Judges security of tenure of office; thirdly, by such general acceptance of, and respect for, judicial independence that the members of the Judiciary can rest assured that it is not likely to be challenged and has not continually to be fought for; fourthly, by the terms of service of members of the Judiciary. First, a few words about the last of these.