THE RADIUS OF THE VISIBLE UNIVERSE

This ancient universal wisdom provides the basis for a prediction regarding the radius of the visible universe. If the twenty-ninth layer above the half measure upholds the spherical boundary of the visible universe, then the radius of the visible universe should correspond to the characteristic measure of the twenty-ninth layer.

Therefore, it appears that the ancient seers and modern theorists are largely in agreement; not only did they arrive at the same conclusion regarding the radius of the universe, but also they reached the same conclusion regarding the quality of light associated with that radius: red. In modern theory, the redness associated with the cosmological boundary is interpreted in terms of the cosmological red shift, which is explained in terms of a luminous Doppler shift resulting from a galactic recession speed that increases as distance from Earth increases. At the Hubble radius, this speed becomes equal, presumably, to the speed of light. Therefore, the Hubble radius represents the boundary between the local speeds of the galaxies within the sphere and the nonlocal speeds of the galaxies that lie on the surface and beyond the sphere.

The Vedic seers, on the other hand, described the cosmological boundary in terms of an all-pervading force field—the universal field of rajas, which is characterized by redness and incessant motion. As we have discovered, the explanation of the red shift provided by Hubble is not the only possible one. Other competing theories suggest that the electromagnetic wavelengths become lengthened due to a gradual loss of energy as they propagate through intergalactic space over vast distance and time scales. Such theories are described commonly as “tired light” theories. The difficulty with them, however, is that the underlying mechanism that causes this gradual loss of energy remains largely unknown. To account for the energy loss, the vacuum of intergalactic space must be viewed as pervaded by some unknown field, which tends to absorb energy from the propagating electromagnetic waves.

In light of the ancient Vedic theory, this underlying field can be described as the universal field of rajas, which represents a type of force field characterized by redness and incessant motion. This raises a fundamental question: To which of the known force fields does the universal field of rajas correspond?