THE VIRTUAL REALITY OF THE LOGOS

In modern quantum theory, the universe is described as having a vibratory basis such that each elementary particle can be described equivalently as the wavelike excitation of a quantum field.

Yet two different types of particles and waves—real and virtual—are described by the theory. A real particle or wave is one that can be observed empirically, at least in principle. A virtual particle or wave is one that cannot be observed empirically, even in principle. In spite of their nonobservable nature, virtual particles and waves are required by the principles of the theory. In fact, the theory holds that the vacuum of so-called empty space is filled with virtual particles and waves.

In practice, real particles and waves constitute the subject matter of physics and the real or observable reality of the universe, which the ancients referred to as the physical Cosmos. In theory, however, virtual particles and waves must also be accepted as inherent in the vacuum of empty space. Such particles and waves constitute the virtual or hidden reality of the universe, which the ancients referred to as the metaphysical Logos. In this way, the modern scientific distinction between what is real and virtual is reflected in the ancient philosophical distinction between the physical Cosmos and metaphysical Logos.