Index

Absolute monarchy, 9, 131, 148-49, 197, 233

Act of Settlement, 10, 235-36

Act of Supremacy, 75-76

Act of Uniformity, 75-76

Adams, John, 31, 135

Adams, Sam, 135

Adiaphora (things indifferent), 61-62, 63,

77, 180

Adrian IV, Pope, 20

Aeropagitica, see Milton, John, Aeropagitica

Alfred the Great, King, 18-19

Allington, Sir Giles, 140

American Bar Association, 31

Anderson, Edmund, 120

Andrewes, Lancelot, 77, 219

Anglican Church, see Church of England

Aphorisms: of Bacon, 103-4; Latin, 104; of

Selden, 176.

Architecture: analogies, 136; Gothic, 19, 20; of Inigo Jones, 212-13

Aristotle, 99

Arminius, Jacobus, 85

Assizes, 144-46; Cambridge, 140, 141, 145; jurisdiction, 146, 162

Attorneys-General, 153, 157, 159, 165, 228; Bacon as, 248n7; Coke as, 119-20, 122, 124, 125, 162; duties, 119

Aubrey, John, 175, 181-82

Austin, John, 22

Bacon, Sir Francis: The Apophthegms, 100; on censorship, 191; common law reform proposals, 107-9, 113; DeAugmentis Sci- entarum, 103-4, 106, 107, 110; impeach­ment for bribery, 98, 112, 128; legal career, 98, 101, 102, 108, 248n7; legal writings,

100- 101, 110; life, 98; logic, 99, 102; as Lord Chancellor, 98, 112, 128, 168, 171-72; Novum Organum, 99; rivalry with Coke, 111-12, 113, 117, 120-21, 126; Selden and, 168, 171-72; will, 98-99; writings, 99-100

Bacon, Sir Francis, The Elements of the Com­

mon Laws of England, 8, 98; dedicatory epistle, 101; influence, ιιι; Maximes,

101- 4, 106-11; publication, 101-2

Bacon, Sir Nicholas, 248n23

Baker, Sir John, 37 Baronage: feudal, 16; House of Lords, 170;

privileges, 170. See also Magna Carta Bastwick, John, 184, 185, 193 Baxter, Richard, 225, 230 Beale, Robert, 27 Becket (film), 14 Becket, Thomas a, 14, 20 Beza, Theodore, 68 Bill of Rights (1689), 24, 28, 29 Bill of Rights, U.S., 27, 31, 161 Blackmail, 161 Blackstone, Sir William, 12, 106, 136, 222-23 Bodin, Jean, 60, 94

Boke of Justices of Peas, The Charge with All the

Processe of the Cessions, 141 Bonham’s Case, 135 Book of Common Prayer, 75, 77, 81, 144,

211

Book of Orders, 143-44

The Book of the General Laws and Libertyes Concerning the Inhabitants of the Mas- sachusets, see Laws and Liberties of Mas­sachusetts

Botero, Giovanni, 94

Bouwsma, William J., 196

Bowen, Catherine Drinker, 112

Bowles, Edward, 186, 187

Boyle, Robert, 223 Bracton, Henry de, 12, 58, 104-5, 124, 156, 166, 170

Bradshawe, John, 209, 210, 216 Bribery, 98, 112, 128, 160 Bridgman, Orlando, 118

Brooke, George, 81

Buchanan, George, 96, 97

Buckingham, George Villiers, Duke of, 82-84, 127, 128, 172, 212, 213

Buckner, Thomas, 183, 184 Burges, Cornelius, 186, 187

Burnet, Gilbert, 235

Burns, Richard, The Office of Justice of the Peace and Parish Officer, 137

Burroughs, Jeremiah, 186, 187 Burton, Henry, 184, 185, 193

Butler, Charles, 37

Caesar, Sir Julius, 130

Calvin, Jean, 4, 62, 63, 68, 70; Institutes of the Christian Religion, 65, 71-72

Cambridge assizes, 140, 141, 145 Cambridge University, 20, 115, 138

Canon law, 19, 64-65, 140

Capital crimes, 202-3

Carr, Robert, Earl of Somerset, 79 Censorship: licensing of printing, 182-85,

187; Milton on, 191, 192-93

Chancery: Bacon and, 98, 105; Coke and, 119, 126; history, 157; Masters, 138, 141; procedures, 156; writs of prohibition, 90, 123

Charles I, King of England: accession, 83; artistic sensibilities, 212-13; beheading, 96, 180-81, 206-7, 218, 219-20, 228; Buckingham and, 128, 172, 212, 213; character, 5, 211-13, 218-19; children, 219; court cases, 165; Eikon Basilike, 181; Five Knights’ Case, 8-9, 172-74; Forced Loan, 172; health in childhood, 213; historians’ views of, 214-16; judges and, 126, 163; marriage, 84, 212, 213; Personal Rule, 148, 149, 163, 165, 174, 183-85, 214; portraits, 213; Privy Council, 143, 145; relations with Parliament, 93-94, 129, 171, 172, 173-74, 185, 217-18; Selden and, 169; trial, 5, 181, 206-7, 209, 210-11, 215-18; tyranny charges against, 215-18; wars, 84, 128, 172, 185, 214-15, 216; weaknesses as ruler, 213, 218-19

Charles II, King of England: Exclusion Crisis, 222, 231, 235; father’s death, 219; marriage, 183; Prynne and, 183; relations with Parliament, 230-31; restoration, 29, 183, 196, 210, 229-31, 235

Chrimes, S.

Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande (Holinshed), 26-27, 65

Chudleighh Case, 118

Church of England: adiaphorists, 62, 180; Book of Common Prayer, 75, 77, 81, 144, 211; establishment by law, 73, 75-76, 230; Hampton Court conference, 80, 81, 86; Hooker’s description, 64; polity of, 73; royal supremacy, 62, 63-64, 75-76, 86. See also Ecclesiastical courts; Reforma­tion

Civil government, types, 197

Civil law, 53; Fortescue on, 54-55, 56; in France, 56, 148

Civil War, English: effects on judiciary, 163; failure of revolution, 227-28; Hooker’s influence on Puritans, 77; republicanism, 28-29; rhetoric, 58-59; role of religion, 215; social effects, 227. See also Protector­ate

Clermont, Thomas Fortescue, Lord, 48 Clifford’s Inn, 116

Cobbam, A. B., 72

Coke, Sir Edward: Bacon family and, 248n23; character, 114-15; contempo­rary views of, 129-30, 132; death, 129; downfall, 126-27; education, 36, 115-17; enemies, 123; on Fortescue, 47; Fourth Institutes, 128, 134; historians’ views of, 130-31; influence, 7, 132, 134-35; James I and, 91, 92, 115, 120, 121, 123, 124-26, 127, 145; judicial activism, 122-24, 127; legal career, 91, 108, 110, 112, 115, 117-26, 134, 140-41, 162; on legal history, 232-34; legal outlook, 112; on Magna Carta, 27, 28, 31; marriages, 120, 121; maxims, 45, 71, 105, 112-13, 115, 122, 133; as member of Parliament, 112, 118, 127-29, 132, 172; mot­to, 114-15; on precedent, 122; rivalry with Bacon, 111-12, 113, 117, 120-21, 126; Second Institutes, 27, 133-34, 135; Third Institutes,

133- 34, 147; tomb inscription, 114

Coke, Sir Edward, Reports, 114, 121, 126; on conspiracy, 162; importance, 35-36, 112-13, 134; influence in New England,

134- 35; maxims, 105; praise of Glanvill, 11; publication, 35

Coke on Littleton (The First Part of the Insti­tutes of the Laws of England: or a Commen­tary upon Littleton), 7, 35-37, 39, 45, 58, 112, 128; on contingent remainders, 41; disorganization, 36-37; eclecticism, 136; influence, 133, 135; later editions, 36, 37; Preface, 36, 37

Colthirst v.

Common law: Bacon’s reform proposals, 107-9, 113; evidence, 224-25; evolution, 6-7, 156; origins, 155-56; resistance to absolutism, 148-49; role of legislations, 234; rules, 6; seen as ancient, 28, 171

Common Pleas, court of: chief justices, 140-41, 153; Coke as Chief Justice, 91, 110, 115, 120, 121-25, 140-41, 145, 162; Hale as justice, 222, 229; Littleton as justice, 32; Magna Carta provision on, 16; writ of prohibition, 90

Company of Stationers, 182 Conspiracy, 160, 161-62, 202-3 Constitution, ancient, 171, 216-17 Constitution, U.S., see United States Con­stitution

Contingent remainders, 41-42, 117-18, 242n32

Corporal punishment, 155, 184

Corpus Christi College, Oxford University, 66-68

Cotton, John, 199, 201-2

Cotton, Sir Robert, 170, 174

The Countrey Justice, see Dalton, Michael, The Countrey Justice

Court of High Commission for Causes Ecclesiastical, 27, 139-40, 169, 185. See also Ecclesiastical courts

Courts: expansion in Tudor era, 72; in Mas­sachusetts Bay Colony, 203; nineteenth­century reforms, 157; royal referrals to, 110, 124-25; in twentieth century, 150-51.

See also Common Pleas; King’s Bench; Star Chamber

Courts Act of 1971, 150

Cowell, John, 11-12, 90

Crewe, Ranulf, 141

Criminal law: Coke’s Third Institutes, 133-34, 147; development, 146; felonies and mis­demeanors, 146-47, 159; handbooks for justices of the peace, 137; jury trials, 154­55; in Massachusetts Bay Colony, 202-3; sophisticated crimes, 5, 146, 158-62; Star Chamber jurisdiction, 122, 157, 159

Cromwell, Oliver: comparison to Charles I, 211-12; death, 229; Hale and, 228; legiti­macy, 228; as Protector, 29, 149, 196, 210, 227-28, 229; trial of Charles I, 206-7

Cromwell, Richard, 229

Crusades, 2, 19

Culpepper, John, 59

Dalton, Michael: legal career, 137-39; life, 137-40; Officium Vicecomitum: The Office andAuthoritie of Sherifs, 139; religious views, 139-40

Dalton, Michael, The Countrey Justice, 5-6; on assizes, 144; author’s experi­ence as basis, 140-41; changing roles of justices, 142-43; felonies, 146; format, 142; influence in New England, 135, 137, 151; popularity, 137, 141; publication and reprintings, 137, 143; usefulness, 136-37, 142, 147, 150

Darnley, Henry Stuart, Lord, 79, 87

Davies, Horton, 70

Death penalty, 155, 202-3

De Dominion Regali et Politico (The Gover­nance of England; Fortescue), 49-50

De Laudibus Legum Angliae, see Fortescue, Sir John, De Laudibus Legum Angliae

Democracy, 197, 204

De Natura Legis Naturae (Fortescue), 49,

50, 51, 56

Dickens, Charles, 43

Divorce, 187-88, 194 Doddridge, John, 111, 141

Donne, John, 77, 85

Duchy Chamber of Lancaster, 55

Duke of Norfolk’s Case, 118

Eadmer, Historia Novorum, 167-68 Ecclesiastical courts: Court of High Com­mission for Causes Ecclesiastical, 27, 139-40, 169, 185; Dalton on, 139-40; Laud’s role, 185; regulation of printing, 185; Selden and, 169; slander cases, 161; writs of prohibition, 90, 123

Education, 20; of gentry, 33-35; of lawyers, 33-35, 56

Edward, Prince of Wales, 46, 47, 49, 50-52

Edward the Confessor, 19, 233

Edward II, King of England, 25, 206

Edward IV, King of England, 32, 46, 49-50, 206

Edward VI, King of England, 62, 73

Eikon Basilike, 181

Eikonoklastes (Milton), 181

“Elegy in a Country Churchyard” (Gray), 221, 236

The Elements of the Common Laws of England (Bacon), 8, 98, 101-4, 106-11

Eliot, Sir John, 172, 174

Eliot, T.

Elizabeth I, Queen of England: Coke and, 118-20; common law reforms, 108; ex­communication, 244n6; Reformation and, 62-63, 73, 76; as Supreme Governor of Church, 62, 64, 75

Ellesmere, Sir Thomas Egerton, Lord, 105-6, 108, 123, 126

English Revolution, see Civil War, English Entails, unbarrable, 40-41

Equity, 34, 43, 55, 156, 203. See also Chancery Erasmus, Desiderius, 67

Essex, Earl of, 102, 120, 248n7

Evidence, law of, 224-25

Exclusion Crisis, 222, 231, 235

Fawkes, Guy, plot of, 86-87, 91, 120 Feudalism, 18

Fifth Amendment, United States Constitu­tion, 27

Filmer, Robert, Patriarcha, 235

Finch, Henry, Nomotechnia, in

First Amendment, United States Constitu­tion, i6i

Fisher, John, 2i9-20

Fitzherbert, Anthony, i4i

Five Knights’ Case, 8-9, 172-74

Fleming, Thomas, i08, i25

Forgery and fraud, 160

Fortescue, Sir John: De Dominion Regali et Politico (The Governance of England),

49- 50; De Natura Legis Naturae, 49, 50, 51, 56; Edward, Prince of Wales and, 47,

50-52; Henry VI and, 46; legal career, 3, 32, 47-48; life, 46-48, 49; support of Lancasters, 32, 46, 49, 51, 55-56; writings, 48-51

Fortescue, Sir John, De Laudibus Legum Angliae, 39; citations, 57; Coke on, 47; dating, 47, 51; editions, 167; essay on kingship, 52-54; importance, 3-4, 47; influence, 57-60; on jury, 47, 48, 54, 55; on mixed monarchy, 47, 49, 50, 52-53, 59; popularity, 58; treatment of law, 54-57; written for Edward, Prince of Wales, 46, 47, 49, 50-52, 57

Fox, Richard, 66, 67

France: civil law, 56, 148; feudalism, 18; monarchy, 49, 52, 55, 148; police, 148

French Revolution, 148, 207, 209 Fuller, Thomas, 130

Galileo, 180, 191 Gawdy, Francis, 120

Gentry, education of sons at Inns of Court, 33-35, 72, 116

Geoffrey fitz Peter, 13 Germany, feudalism, 18 Glanvill, Ranulf de, 1, 2, 13, 21 Glanvill, Tractatus de Legibus et Consuetudi­nibus Regni Anglie qui Glanvilla Vocatur, 1-2; aphorisms, 104; authorship, 13; dating, 13; jury, 18; praise of, 11-13, 21; preconditions, 18-21; Prologue, 16-17; significance, 11-13, 21-22; writs, 2, 17-18, 22, 156

Glorious Revolution (1688), 59, 222, 235 Gothic architecture, 19, 20

Gray, Charles, 226, 232 Gray, John Chipman, 22

Gray, Thomas, “Elegy in a Country Church­yard,” 221, 236

Gray’s Inn, 10, 100

Grotius, Hugo: Mare Liberum, 169; Milton and, 180

Gunpowder Plot, 86-87, 91, 120

Habeas Corpus Act (1679), 29

Hale, Sir Matthew: character, 9-10; contri­butions to Coke on Littleton, 37; History of Pleas of the Crown, 222, 235; legal career, 222, 228-29, 235; legal reform commis- sion, 228-29; legal writings, 222-23, 258n3; life, 236; natural philosophy inter­est, 223, 224-25, 226-27, 235; Nature of True Religion, 225-26; Pleas of the Crown, 222; religious writings, 225-26; reputa­tion, 222-23, 235; Restoration and, 230, 231-32, 235; royalism, 228

Hale, Sir Matthew, History and Analysis of the Common Law in England, 9-10, 221, 231-34; critique of Hobbes, 233, 234; decision not to publish, 9, 226, 231, 234-35; historical evidence, 225; influence, 222, 234; publication, 221; purpose, 232

Hall, G.

Hammurabi, ιι

Hampton Court conference, 80, 81, 86 Hargrave, Francis, 37, 158

Harvy, Francis, 141

Haskins, Charles Homer, 19 Hatton, Lady Elizabeth, 120, 121, 127 Henrietta Maria, Queen, 183, 212, 213 Henri IV, King of France, 79

Henry, Prince of Wales, 83, 84, 96, 97, 208 Henry I, King of England, 18

Henry II, King of England: appeal, 14-15; character, 14; Glanvill as justiciar, 1, 13, 14; king’s court, 16; legal and judicial reforms, 16-18, 21-22, 155-56; life, 13-14; rule of, 15-18, 20-21

Henry III, King of England, 24

Henry IV, King of England, 50, 205-6, 208 Henry VI, King of England, 46-47; death, 206; Fortescue and, 46, 49; Littleton and, 32; restoration, 49, 51

Henry VII, King of England, 26, 206

Henry VIII, King of England, 14, 62, 72,

73, 126

High Court of Parliament, 112, 128, 129, 203 History and Analysis of the Common Law in

England, see Hale, Sir Matthew, His­tory and Analysis of the Common Law in England

History of Tithes (Selden), 169

Hobbes, Thomas: on absolute monarchy,

9, 233; on Coke, 130; Dialogue, 234, 235; Leviathan, 59, 63-64, 94

Hoffer, Eric, 178

Holbrook, Hal, 153

Holdsworth, Sir William, 7, 36, 40, 43,

100-101, 232

Holinshed, Raphael, Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande, 26-27, 65

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 22 Holy Roman Empire, 53 Hooker, Richard: life, 65-69, 76; pragma­tism, 61, 62

Hooker, Richard, The Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, 4, 69-71; “Certainty and Perpetuity of Faith in the Elect,” 69; Charles I on, 219; contributions, 73-75; definition of law, 73-74; influence, 77; “Justification,” 69; language, 67; meaning of polity, 63-64; objective, 64, 69, 75, 76; publica­tion, 76-77

House of Commons, see Parliament House of Lords, 170. See also Parliament Hudson, William: death, 166; legal prac­tice, 157-58; A Treatise of the Court of Star Chamber, 5, 6, 157-58, 164, 166; on writ­ers, 226-27

Hume, David, 135

Hus, Jan, 189 Hyams, Peter, 153 Hyde, Edward, 217, 218 Hyde, Nicholas, 141, 173

Inner Temple, 35, 38, 68, 116-17, 118, 175

Inns of Chancery, 115-16

Inns of Court: benchers, 116, 118, 157, 175; masters, 68; readerships, 117, 118, 157; readings, 100; students, 33-35, 36, 72, 116-17, 153; training of lawyers, 56, 100, 115

International law, control of seas, 169-70

James I of England and VI of Scotland:

Buckingham and, 82-84, 127, 213; charac­ter, 212; charge to judges of assize, 91-92, 145; contemporary views of, 79-80, 81­82; death, 81, 216; father, 79, 87; favorites, 82-84, 213; fear of assassination, 87, 97; on king’s obligations, 96, 97, 208; legiti­macy of rule, 210-11; life, 80-81, 84-85, 96; poetry, 92; relations with courts, 102, 110, 124-25, 126; relations with Parlia­ment, 93-94, 171-72; seen as despot, 81, 85, 92; Selden and, 169; transparency, 92-93; union of Scotland and England, 88-89; war against Spain, 93

James I of England and VI of Scotland, The Political Works of James I, 80; “An Apolo­gie for the Oath of Allegiance,” 91, 94; “Basilikon Doron,” 4, 95-96, 97, 220; “A Defence of the Right of Kings, against Cardinali Perron,” 94; “A Premonition to all Christian Monarches, Free Princes and States,” 94; speeches to Parliament, 4-5, 85-91, 92; “The Trew Law of Free Monar­chies,” 4, 95

James II, King of England, 24, 59, 219, 222, 231

Jefferson, Thomas, 135

Jewel, John, 66

John, King, Magna Carta and, 16, 23 John of Salisbury, Policraticus, 20, 21 Jones, Inigo, 212-13

Jordan, W. K., 84

Judges: impeachments, 163; independence from politics, 10, 163, 235-36; politi­cal roles, 163; resistance to absolutism, 148-49; roles, 2-3.

Judicial activism, 122-24, 127, 160

Judicial review, 163

Juries, 2, 156; criminal trials, 154-55; Dalton on, 140; Fortescue on, 47, 48, 54, 55; Glanvill on, 18; right to trial by, 31 Justices of the peace: changing roles, 142-44, 146, 149; criminal cases, 146-47; handbooks, 137, 141-42; oversight of, 144-46, 147-48; power, 149; in twentieth century, 150-51. See also Dalton, Michael

Justinian, 11, 19, 104, 109, 156; Institutes, 17,

110

Kent, Henry Grey, Earl of, 172, 175 King’s Bench: barristers, 157; chief justices, 153, 222; Coke as Chief Justice, 110, 125­26, 162; jurisdiction, 72, 122, 146, 162, 164 King’s Council, 55

Knox, John, 66

Lambarde, William, 5-6, 141-42 Lancaster, house of, see Wars of the Roses Laud, William: books, 219-20; death, 77, 149; ecclesiastical courts and, 139-40, 185; memorial to James I, 81; Prynne’s attack on, 184; Puritans and, 77, 145-46; Scots rebellion against, 180; trial, 228, 254n12

Law books: in Massachusetts, 151; printed,

33

Laws and Liberties OfMassachusetts: absence of references to king, 9, 198; compared to The Countrey Justice, 151; differences from English law, 9, 202-3; importance, 195, 204; liberties protected, 30-31; Proheme (dedicatory epistle), 199-202; purpose, 202

The Laws OfEcclesiastical Polity, see Hooker, Richard, The Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity

Lawyers: social status, 116; in Star Chamber, 138, 157, 253n8; training, 56, 100, 115

Lechford, Thomas, 197-98, 203, 204

Legal history, English, 232-34. See also Hale, Sir Matthew, History and Analysis of the Common Law in England

Legal reasoning, 100, 102

Legitimacy: of Cromwell’s rule, 228; of James I, 210-11; of Massachusetts Bay Colony rulers, 199-202; of monarchy, 198-99, 208-9; sources, 199-202, 204

Lenin, Vladimir, 207

LeStrange, Sir Hammond, 82

Ley, James, 140-41 Libel, 161, 183-84, 193

Lincoln’s Inn, 137, 139, 221, 228

Littleton, Sir Thomas: life, 32, 37-38; motto, 32, 114

Littleton, Sir Thomas, Tenures, 3, 57; on contingent remainders, 41-42; didactic purpose, 38-40; epilogue, 38-39, 40; manuscript copies, 38; obsolescence, 34, 57; popularity, 4, 34, 58; printings, 33; property law topics, 40-44; significance, 32-33, 39-40, 45, 58; on unbarrable en­tails, 40-41; use as textbook, 34; on uses, 42-44. See also Coke on Littleton

Locke, John, 223; Coke as precursor, 131; on Hooker, 4; Milton and, 181; Two Treatises on Civil Government, 28, 59-60, 75, 177, 235

Logic, 99, 102

Long Parliament, 148, 185-87; demands on king, 217; leaders, 163; legal reform com­mission, 228-29; legislation, 29, 149-50, 216, 229; members, 174; Rump, 218, 228; sermons preached before, 186

Louis XIII, King of France, 148, 213 Louis XIV, King of France, 16, 231

Louis XV, King of France, 72

Louis XVI, King of France, 148, 207, 209 Luther, Martin, 70

Lyon’s Inn, 116, 117

Machiavelli, Niccolo, 94

Magna Carta: Coke on, 132, 133; confirma­tions, 24, 25; court reforms, 16; imple­mentation as law, 24-25; influence of language, 25; invoked in Five Knights’ Case, 173; monument at Runnymede, 31; Petition of Right and, 24, 129, 174; print­ed with statutes, 24, 27; promulgation, 23-24; revival, 26, 27; role in America, 23, 28-29, 30-31, 135; seventeenth-century views of, 26-27, 28, 29; significance, 3; uniqueness, 23-24; use against Stuart monarchs, 28

Maitland, Frederic William, 12, 13, 232 Margaret of Anjou, Queen, 46, 47, 49, 51 Marlowe, Christopher, Doctor Faustus, 8 Marshall, John, 163 Martin Vj Pope, 189

Mary, Queen of England, 62, 73, 147 Mary Queen of Scots, 79, 87 Massachusetts Bay Colony: Coke’s influ­ence, 134-35; as commonwealth, 195-97, 201; courts, 203; General Court, 31, 134­35, 151, 197, 203; law books, 151; leaders, 197-99, 203, 204; legal institutions, 203-4; legitimacy of rulers, 199-202; letters patent of charter, 197, 202, 203-4; non-freemen, 200-201; relationship with English king, 197, 198-99, 255-56n3; scripture’s role, 195-96, 199-200, 201-2, 204. See also Laws and Liberties of Massachusetts

Matilda, Queen, 13-14, 15 Maurice of Nassau, 79 Maxims: of Bacon, 103-4, 106-11; of Coke, 45, 71, 105, 112-13, 115, 122, 133; in legal literature, 104-6, 111. See also Aphorisms McIlwain, Charles H., 80, 95, 97 Melville, Andrew, 80, 95 Middle Temple, 68, 116 Milsom, S. F. C., 44

Milton, John: The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce, 187-88; Eikonoklastes, 181; life, 8, 179-80, 193-94; marriage, 187; Paradise Lost, 178; Paradise Regained, 178; poetry, 178-79; political tracts, 179, 180-82; reli­gious views, 180; Samson Agonistes, 178; The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates, 8, 181-82; tracts against prelacy, 180

Milton, John, Aeropagitica, 8, 179; argu­ments, 188-92; attack on licensing, 187, 189-92; historical context, 182-87; influ­ence, 177, 188-93

Mixed monarchy: Coke on, 131-32; consen­sus on, 59; contrast to absolute monar­chy, 148; Fortescue on, 47, 49, 50, 52-53, 59; James I on, 87-88, 96; legal institu­tions and, 234; parliamentary role, 94, 217-18; Protectorate, 29

Monarchy: absolute, 9, 131, 148-49, 197, 233; female succession, 55-56; French, 49, 52, 55, 148; legitimacy, 198-99, 208-9; mur­ders of kings, 206, 207-8; relations with Parliament, 29; supremacy over Church of England, 62, 63-64, 75-76, 86. See also Mixed monarchy

Montesquieu, 60, 131

Moore, John, 101, 107

Morice, James, 27

Mountagu, Henry, 140-41

Mulcaster, Robert, 47

Natural law, 50, 168, 201

Natural philosophy, 223-25, 226-27, 235

Nature, state of, 63-64

Netherlands, 196, 207

New England colonies, charters, 29-30. See also Massachusetts Bay Colony

Newton, Isaac, 223, 236

Nicholas II, Czar, 207-8

Norman conquest, 16, 18, 232, 233 Nottingham, Heneage Finch, Earl of, 37 Noy, William, 228; Principal Grounds and

Maximes of the Lawes of the IKingdome, 111

Otis, James, 135

Oxford University, 20, 66-68, 96

Paris, Matthew, Angli Historia Maior, 26 Parliament: Exclusion Crisis, 222, 231, 235;

Fortescue as member, 48; High Court of, 112, 128, 129, 203; House of Lords, 170; legislative authority of King and, 148-49; licensing of printing, 182, 187; role in mixed monarchy, 94, 217-18; of 1628, 129, 171, 172, 173-74; sovereignty, 29, 132; speeches of James I, 4-5, 85-91, 92; Tudor monarchs and, 26. See also Long Parlia­ment

Parmenter, Thomas, 137

Peacham, Edmund, 125-26

Perjury, 160, 202

Perkins, John, 107 Perpetuities, 117-18 Petition of Right (1628), 24, 28, 129, 132, 174 Pevsner, Sir Nikolaus, 136

Phelips, Sir Robert, 172 Pigott, Sir Christopher, 88 Pius V, Pope, 62, 244n6 Plato, Republic, 190

Plucknett, Theodore, 12, 37, 39

The Political Works of James I, see James I of

England and VI of Scotland, The Political Works of James I

Poor Laws, 143, i45

Popham, John, 108, 140-41 The Poulterers’ Case, 162 Presbyterians, 95, 180, 230 Printing industry, 33; cultural impact, 185­

86; law books, 33; licensing, 182-85, 187; political pamphlets, 185-87

Privy Council: activities at local level, 143; assizes and, 145; Coke as member, 127, 162; oversight of justices of the peace, 144; in Star Chamber, 6, 153; use of tor­ture, 155

Property law: perpetuities, 117-18; students,

33, 34. See also Littleton, Sir Thomas, Tenures

Protectorate, 29, 149, 196, 207, 210, 227-28, 229

Protestants: adiaphora (things indifferent),

63, 77, 180; Calvinism, 62, 63, 71-72, 76; city-states, 189; disputes among, 69-72,

76, 85; Reformed, 66, 186. See also Church of England; Puritanism; Reformation Proverbs, 104

Prynne, William: as Keeper of Tower Re­cords, 183, 254nι2; libel trials, 183-84, 185, 193; Milton and, 193-94; papers searched, 8, 193-94; political pamphlets, 183, 184, 186,187

Pulton, Ferdinando, 146, 147, 159 Puritanism: calls for further reform, 76,

8o, i86; controversies with other Prot­estants, 63, 69, 77; covenant theology, 72; English Revolution and, 77; Laud’s opposition to, 77, 145-46. See also Civil War, English Pym, John, 59 Pynchon, William, 151

Pynson, Richard, 141; Magna Charta cum aliis Antiquis Statutis, 27

Raleigh, Sir Walter, 47, 81-82, 120, 131

Ray, John, 223

Reformation, 58, 62-63; adiaphora (things indifferent), 61-62; effects on law, 65; legislation, 73; new landowners, 72. See also Church of England; Protestants

Reformed Protestantism, 66, 186 Renaissance, twelfth century, 19-20 Republicanism: in England, 28-29, 186-87,

196, 254n17; European, 196-97, 207; Magna Carta and, 28-29; in Massachu­setts Bay Colony, 204

Reynolds, John, 81

Riccio, David, 79, 87

Richard fitz Neal, 21

Richard I, King of England, 13

Richard III, King of England, 206 Richardson, Sir Thomas, 146

Rolle, Henry, Abridgement, 222, 258n3 Roman Catholic Church: canon law, 19,

64-65; English Catholics, 86-87, 119; papacy, 94-95, 189; response to Reforma­tion, 62, 244n6

Roman law, 17, 19, 104, 109, 148, 156 Roosevelt, Theodore, 14

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 94 Royal Society, 10, 223-24

Rudyard, Sir Benjamin, 219

Rule of law, 29, 150, 204

Rules: Bacon on, 107, 109; Coke on, 113; common law, 6; relationship to laws, 107

Ryman v. Bickley, 162

St. Germain, Christopher, Dialogue between a Doctor and Student, 39, 57

Salisbury, Earl of, 210-11

Science, see Natural philosophy

Scotland: invasion of England, 185, 214-15, 216; lairds, 94; Parliament, 94, 96; poli­tics, 95; Presbyterians, 95, 180; Reformed Protestantism, 66; union with England, 88-89

Sedition, 161

Selden, John: character, 167; Fortescue and, 59; History of Tithes, 169; James I and, 169; legal practice, 175, 253n8; legal writ­ings, 168-69; life, 170-75;Mare Clausum, 169-70; as member of Parliament, 172, 173-74; Milton and, 189; political involve­ment, 170-74; Privilege of the Baronage of England, 170; publication of Fortescue,

47; scholarly works, 167-70, 175; Table Talk, 8-9, 167, 175-76

Settled Land Act of 1882, 118 Seze, Raymond-Romain de, 209 Shakespeare, William: Henry IV Part 2, 205-6; Henry VIPart3, 46; history plays, 26-27, 205; KingJohn, 26-27;Merry Wives ofWindsor, 152; Richard III, 206; sonnets, 72, 205

Shapiro, Barbara, 224-25, 232 Shelley’s Case, 117

Sheriffs, handbooks for, 139 Short Parliament, 174, 185 Sidney, Algernon, 206

Simpson, A. W. B., 2-3, 6-7 Slander, 161

Smith, Adam, 131

Smith, Sir Thomas, De Republica Anglorum, 58

Social contract theory, 59-60, 75

Soviet Union, 207-8

Sparks (binder-bookseller), 183, 184 Spencer, Thomas, 137

Spenser, Edmund, The Faerie Queene, 189 Star Chamber: abolition, 152, 162, 163, 165-66; activism, 160; barristers, 138, 157, 253n8; cases, 127, 165-66; contribution to common law, 158-64, 166; examinations of witnesses, 154; judges, 153, 159, 162-63, 165; jurisdiction, 122, 157, 159; origins, 156; procedures, 153-54, 156-57; punishments, 155, 184; regulation of printing, 182, 184-85; reputation, 152-56, 164; sophisti­cated crimes prosecuted, 5, 146, 158-62; A Treatise of the Court of Star Chamber (Hudson), 5, 6, 157-58, 164, 166; trials, 153 “The Star Chamber” (film), 153 Statute of Uses, 34, 42, 43, 44, 100, 117, 118 Staunford, William, 107 Stenton, Doris May, 25

Stephen, Sir James Fitzjames, 36, 147 Stephen, King, 13-14, 16, 19

Stephen, Sir Leslie, 188 Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, Earl of, 149,

172, 174, 216

Table Talk of John Selden, 8-9, 167, 175-76 Taltarum’s Case, 40-41

Taylor, Roderick, 153

Thomas Aquinas, De Regimine Principum, 53 Thorne, Samuel E., 105, 133

Tillieres, Comte de, 81, 85, 87, 92

Tillotson, John, 224

Torture, 155

Tottell, Richard, 33

Tractatus de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Regni Anglie qui Glanvilla Vocatur, see Glanvill, Tractatus de Legibus et Consuetudinibus Regni Anglie qui Glanvilla Vocatur

Travers, Walter, 68-69, 245n10

Treason, 125, 146, 155, 161, 202-3, 217-18

A Treatise of the Court of Star Chamber (Hud­son), 5, 6, 157-58, 164, 166

Tribonian, 109

Tudor monarchs: Parliament and, 26; prom­inence of law, 72-73; strength, 114

Two Treatises on Civil Government (Locke), 28, 59-60, 75, 177, 235

Tyrannicide, 96, 97

Unbarrable entails, 40-41

United States Constitution: Bill of Rights, 31; Fifth Amendment, 27; First Amend­ment, 161; foundations, 30; judicial re­view, 163; Magna Carta’s influence, 30-31; Milton’s influence, 177, 181

United States Supreme Court, 163

Uses: contingent remainders, 41-42, 117-18; Littleton on, 42-44; Statute of Uses, 34, 42, 43, 44, 100, 117, 118

Van Caenegem, Raoul C., 12, 16

Van Dyck, Anthony, 213

Venice, 196

Virtuosi, 223-24

Vives, Ludovico, 66

Walter, Hubert, 13

Warburton, Peter, 141

Ward, Nathaniel, “Body of Liberties,” 30

Warren, W. L., 15

Wars of the Roses, 26, 32, 46-47, 50, 55-56, 206

Wentworth, Sir Thomas, see Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, Earl of

Westminster Palace, Camera Stellata, 153. See also Star Chamber

Whig historians, 111, 130-31

White collar crimes, 146, 158-62

Whitelock, Bulstrode, 219, 257n25

Whitgift, John, 68

Wilkins, John, 224

William I, King of England, 16, 18, 19, 232, 233

William II, King of England, 18

William III, King of England, 10, 24, 235-36

Wilson, Arthur, 82

Winfield, Percy, 37

Wingate, Edward, Maximes of Reason, ιιι

Winthrop, John, Sr., 30, 199, 200, 201, 255-56n3

Writs: of assistance, 135; Glanvill on, 2, 17- 18, 22, 156; institution of system, 155-56; of prohibition, 90, 123, 124

Wyclif, John, 189

Wyndham, Sir Thomas, 219

Wythe, George, 135

Yale, D. E. C., 232

Year Books, 35, 39, 40, 47-48, 105, 112-13, 133. See also Rolle, Henry, Abridgement

Yelverton, Henry, 172

York, house of, see Wars of the Roses