Contributors

Abimbola Aina-Mumuney, MD

Assistant Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Janyne E. Althaus, MD, MA

Assistant Professor

Perinatal Outreach Director

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Kristiina Altman, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Hannah Anastasio, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Cynthia Holcroft Argani, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Director, Labor and Delivery

Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland

Jessica L.

Professor

Residency Program Director

Vice-Chair for Education

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Meredith L. Birsner, MD

Clinical Fellow, Maternal Fetal Medicine Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Karin J. Blakemore, MD

Professor

Director, Maternal Fetal Medicine

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Medicine

Irina Burd, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Anne E. Burke, MD, MPH

Associate Professor

Director, Family Planning

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Dayna Burrell, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Chi Chiung Grace Chen, MD

Assistant Professor

Diana Cholakian, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

P.xvi

Betty Chou, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Veena Choubey, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Lauren Cobb, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Jenell Coleman, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Mindy S.

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Abigail E. Dennis, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Christopher C. DeStephano, MD, MPH

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Teresa P. Diaz-Montes, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Cindy M. P. Duke, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Sonia Dutta, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Jill Edwardson, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Robert M. Ehsanipoor, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Amanda Nickles Fader, MD

Associate Professor

Director, The Kelly Gynecologic Oncology Service Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Harold E. Fox, MD, MSc

University Distinguished Service Professor Director Emeritus

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Robert L. Giuntoli II, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

P.xvii

Ernest M. Graham, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Isabel Green, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Medicine

Reinou S.

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Amy H. Gueye, MD, MPH

Resident Physician

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Edith Gurewitsch Allen, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Jennifer L. Hallock, MD

Clinical Fellow, Female Pelvic Medicine and

Reconstructive Surgery

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Janice Henderson, MD, MA

Assistant Professor

Director of Fetal Assessment Unit-High-Risk

Obstetrics

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Nancy A. Hueppchen, MD, MSc

Associate Professor

Director, Medical Student Education

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Assistant Dean for Clinical Curriculum

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Roxanne Marie Jamshidi, MD

Assistant Professor

Director, Johns Hopkins Women’s Services at Odenton

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Amelia M. Jernigan, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Clark T. Johnson, MD, MPH

Clinical Fellow, Maternal Fetal Medicine

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Jean M. Keller, PAC

Assistant Professor

Codirector, Johns Hopkins HIV Women’s Program

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Lisa Kolp, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

P.xviii

Katherine Latimer, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland

Shari Lawson, MD

Assistant Professor

Medical Director, Johns Hopkins Women’s Services at Bayview

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Stephen Martin, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Virginia Mensah, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Lorraine A.

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Medicine

Jamie Murphy, MD

Assistant Professor

Director of Obstetric Anesthesia

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Donna Neale, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Director

Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine at Howard County General Hospital Baltimore, Maryland

Sarah Oman, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Lauren Owens, MD, MPH

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland

Silka Patel, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Meghan E. Pratts, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Nina Resetkova, MD, MBA

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Linda Rogers, CRNP

Nurse Practitioner

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center

Baltimore, Maryland

Melissa L. Russo, MD

Clinical Fellow, Maternal Fetal Medicine

Clinical Fellow, Medical Genetics

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

P.xix

Andrew J. Satin, MD

The Dorothy Edwards Professor in Gynecology and Obstetrics

Director, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Stacey A.

Assistant Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Sara Seifert, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland

Wen Shen, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Sangini Sheth, MD, MPH

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Baltimore, Maryland

Khara M. Simpson, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Julie S. Solomon, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Katherine Ikard Stewart, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Linda M. Szymanski, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Edward J. Tanner III, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Kyle J. Tobler, MD

Clinical Fellow, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Cornelia Liu Trimble, MD

Associate Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland

Berendena I. M. Vander Tuig, MD, MPH

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

P.xx

Edward E.

University Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus

Director Emeritus

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Medicine

Chantel Washington, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Erika F. Werner, MD, MS

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Sarahn M. Wheeler, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Maryann B. Wilbur, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Abigail D. Winder, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Frank R. Witter, MD

Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Irene Woo, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Emily S. Wu, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

John L. Wu, MD

Resident Physician

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Melissa Yates, MD

Assistant Professor

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Howard A. Zacur, MD, PhD

Theodore and Ingrid Baramki Professor Director, Reproductive Endocrinology Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland

Dedication

With appreciation to all who have supported the residency training program in Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

This book is dedicated:

T o the families of the house officers, without whose support and sacrifices none of us would be where we are today.

To the faculty, whose advocacy and efforts have affirmed a training program as strong as it is.

And to the mentors, the giants on whose shoulders we stand.

Introduction

We are currently in the midst of an era of incredible change. New means of communications and technologic advances have taken over the worlds of medicine and education. The growth of innovative electronics and computer science has paved the way for methods for diagnosis and therapy that would never have been considered earlier. Not only has this burst of energy contributed to extended longevity and quality of life, but it has also had a major influence on the need for rapid and highly effective transmission of knowledge. In the field of obstetrics and gynecology, we have witnessed the introduction of new minimally invasive surgical techniques. Sophisticated robotic equipment is now standard in the operating room. New diagnostic tools have changed our management of abnormal cervical cytology and focused on a sexually transmittable virus as the cause of cervical cancer. The development of in vitro fertilization 35 years ago has led to our ability to cryopreserve not only embryos but eggs as well, opening new avenues for conception and family building. Many men formerly thought to be hopelessly infertile now have the opportunity to father their own offspring, thanks to direct intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Prenatal diagnosis currently can be carried out for certain inheritable diseases by delicate genetic studies on an individual cell removed from an embryo prior to its transfer into the uterus and implantation. All of the examples alluded to as well as many others have either been refined or developed since publication of the previous (fourth) edition of The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics in 2011. Such new information is included in the fifth edition.

The first edition of The Johns Hopkins Manual of Gynecology and Obstetrics was published in 1999. The original concept for the Hopkins manual arose during informal discussions with Timothy Johnson, then a faculty member at Johns Hopkins and currently Chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Michigan. The plan was to place responsibility for the preparation of each chapter in the hands of a resident physician who would partner together with a faculty member whose field of expertise matched the material covered in that particular chapter. Over the years, this team effort has resulted in a book which continues to serve as a trusted companion for house officers, medical students, and practitioners. The “manual,” combining the skills of our faculty and residents, has also contributed markedly to the camaraderie in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Johns Hopkins.

It is exciting and most fitting that one of the senior residents assigned to serve as coeditor is Clark Johnson, Tim Johnson's son. Clark recently completed his residency and currently serves as a fellow in Maternal—Fetal Medicine at Johns Hopkins. The tradition of the manual and of the Johnson family thus continues into the fifth edition.

Edward E. Wallach, MD

Harold E. Fox, MD, MSc

Jessica L. Bienstock, MD, MPH