Incidence and Prevalence
Compared to other disorders discussed in this text, SCI is a relatively rare disorder in the general population. The most comprehensive data on the epidemiology of SCI comes from the National SCI Database (NSCID), which is generated by the Model SCI Care Systems.
The Model SCI Care Systems is a network of 26 centers funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, an institute in the U.S. Department of Education. Since SCI is not a reportable condition, data collection is limited. The NSCID estimates that it collects data on 13% of the new SCI cases per year. From this data, the incidence is estimated to be approximately 40 cases per million in the United States, roughly 12,000 new cases per year. This data does not include injuries that resulted in death prior to hospitalization (1). Acute SCI primarily occurs in young adults, though the average age has been rising. In the 1970s, the average age of injury was 28.7 years; since 2005, the average has increased to 39.5 years. The cause in this shift is unknown, though the incidence in SCI over the age of 60 has more than doubled since the 1980s. Other factors, such as prevention programs, advances in automobile safety, or referral patterns to Model Systems, may also be affecting the data. It was previously reported that 3% to 5% of all SCI occurred in children under age 15 and 20% of injuries occurred in those under 20. In their January 2008 report, the NSCID estimated that there were between 227,080 and 300,938 people living in the United States with SCI.
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