Metabolic Neuropathies

Uremic neuropathy often occurs in children with end-stage renal disease. If clinical manifestations are present, they consist of a predominantly distal motor and sensory polyneuropathy with glove and stocking loss of sensation, loss of vibratory sense, and distal weakness, particularly involving peroneal innervated musculature. With successful renal transplantation, clinical findings and electrophysiologic abnormalities normalize (143). Diabetic polyneuropathy usually is a mixed motor and sensory polyneuropathy with both axonal changes and mild demyelination. The poly­neuropathy is less common in children with diabetes mellitus, as compared with adults. The severity of the neuropathy may be related to the degree of glucose control (96).