NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION
National Health Mission is the flagship public health program of Government of India, launched in may 2013 by incorporating Previous National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) as one sub-mission of the program and launching a new National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) as another sub-mission.
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched in 2005, to provide equitable, affordable and quality health care to the rural population, especially the vulnerable groups. Cities and towns with population below 50,000 persons are covered under NRHM. It also attempted to integrate various vertical national health programs, e.g. Reproductive and child health program, National vector borne disease control program, etc. An Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) - local resident women with some formal education, communication skills and leadership qualities is the key field person for NRHM interventions.
National Urban Health Mission (NUHM): NUHM seeks to improve the health status of the urban population particularly slum dwellers and other vulnerable sections by facilitating their access to quality primary health care. NUHM would cover all state capitals, district headquarters and other cities/towns with a population of gt;50,000 persons in phased manner. ASHA remains the link worker in NUHM as well.
Some important national health programs (Table 28.6), operative at present, are discussed in this section, while others have been discussed in related chapters.
TABLE 28.6: Important national health programs related to children
• Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Heath (RMNCH+A) Strategy
• Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI)
• General child health programs
- Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS)
- Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK)
- Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (NSSK)
- India Newborn Action Plan (INAP)
- Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram (JSSK)
- Home based Newborn Care (HBNC)
- Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK)
• Nutritional support programs
- General nutrition
#9830; Mid-day Meal Scheme
#9830; POSHAN Abhiyaan
- Nutrient-Specific
#9830; National Prophylaxis Programme for Prevention of Nutritional Blindness
#9830; National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI), Anemia Mukt Bharat
#9830; National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme
• Immunization programs
- Universal Immunization Program (UIP)
- Mission Indradhanush
- Pulse Polio Immunization
• Disease-specific programs
- National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme (NVBDCP)
- National Control of Diarrheal Diseases Programme
- National Acute Respiratory Infection Control Programme
- National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP)
- National Leprosy Eradication Programme
- National AIDS Control Programme (NACO)
• Miscellaneous programs
- Under-Fives' clinic
- Child Guidance clinic
- School health Service