NOTES

¹ For the importance of problems, see M. Bunge, Scientific Research Springer-Verlag, (Berlin, 1967), chap. 4. For the importance of problem situations, see W. W. Bartley III, ‘Approaches to Science and Skepticism’, Philosophical Forum 1 (1969), 318-31.

² The word ‘suggest’ is too mild here: the depressive qualities of these doctrines bring to mind the brainwash techniques discussed in William Sargant’s Battle for the Mind, Harper and Row, N.Y., 1957, 1959.

³ For more detail, see my ‘Science in Flux,’ and ‘Unity and Diversity in Science,’ both reprinted here.

⁴ See Einstein’s ‘Reply to Criticism’ in P. A. Schilpp (ed.), Albert Einstein: Philosopher- Scientist, 1949,1959, p. 675, "... there is, strictly speaking, today no such thing as a classical field-theory.... Nevertheless, field-theory does exist as a program...”. For more details, see my ‘The Nature of Scientific Problems and Their Roots in Metaphys­ics,’ reprinted here.

⁵ Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1967.

⁶ Little, Brown & Co., Boston, 1967.