The nature of power in primitive society.
The state as a political, geographical, structural organization of early class society. The formation of the state is a lengthy process, and in different countries, in different nations, it came in different ways.
Science itself theory of law provides a variety of information on the origin of the state on the basis of existing numerous theories. In primitive society, the basic unit of governance advocated race. The tribal elders addressed the most important issues of public and political life of the tribe. Tribe is a historically definite shape association of people bound by ties of kinship that have a common ancestor. But it can also be a social group, which is a joint household together. At the heart of public power authority lays elders (leaders) tribes and the Council of Elders, which governs all members of the genus and the unions of labor (tribes). Thus, power is the impact on the behavior of some people (activity) of other, when one of them subordinates the will of others. Power is a social relation. Public power is power, which applies to the whole of society, acting on behalf of the whole society, the action in the public interest, is impersonal in nature, i.e. apply to all persons within a given territory. State - people who live in a certain area and the combined power. Thus, the state is an organization of power in society. State is a special social organization that has features that distinguish it from the pre-state organizations and other institutions of civilized society.Signs of the state:
1. State power is public. State power is a necessary condition for the existence of society and is used for the management of joint activities of people and the maintenance of public order. Power is the impact of the behavior of some people (activities) on others, with some others subordinate his will. Power is a social relation.
Public power - is power, which:
a) applies to the whole of society;
b) acts on behalf of the whole society;
c) acts in the public interest;
d) is impersonal, i.e. applies to all persons within a given territory.
2. The territorial division of the population.
In the pre-state period of the society that people were divided on the basis of tribe and the emergence of the state are divided on the basis of finding a certain area.
3. The presence of a special apparatus of power.
People in this unit do not produce material and spiritual wealth, and professionally engaged in the management of other people.
4. The presence of taxes and loans.
The system of taxes and loans is financial security of the state.
5. Sovereignty.
Signs of State sovereignty:
1) from the inside:
a) the rule of the government, i.e. its extension to all persons on the territory of the country. Is provided by law (state regulations) and the apparatus of power;
b) the independence of the government, it is independent of other authorities in that country;
2) from the outside - the independence of the government and its independence from other authorities outside its territory.
No one other than the state may not issue in that country generally binding regulations (laws). The ratio of state sovereignty, national and popular sovereignty: national sovereignty is the sovereignty of the nation, i.e. ability of the nation to decide questions of the organization, including the right to self-determination, including the creation of a separate state. Nation - ethnic group of bourgeois society, united in the economic life, territory, language, culture and national identity. Popular sovereignty is the sovereignty of the people (the majority population), i.e. people are the source of state authority and sells its power through the direct (immediate) and representative (indirect) government. Direct democracy is the direct elections and referendum. Representative democracy is an activity elected representative bodies.
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