INDEX

ABA (American Bar Association), 134, 188n41, 314-15

Abolish ICE movement, 154

Abolish Prisons movement, 161 “abolish the police” demands, 74

ABPCo (Association of Pro Bono Counsel), 156 Abraham, Steven, 60n59

Abu Ghraib, 40 accounting and terminating, 5, 393 ACLU.

Advice in Crisis (AIC) Project, FEMA/Swed- ish Legal Advice in Crisis, 286-87, 290-94, 304-7, 341, 392

Afghanistan, 44, 50, 56n13, 59n47, 109-18, 160 African Americans: Black Lives Matter move­ment, 366; in Chesterfield Co., Virginia, 2008 presidential primary, 258, 261; mass incarceration of, 36, 247n7; “personal respon­sibility” argument aimed at, 86, 101; policing crises and police reform, 71, 73-74, 76, 77, 366, 371-72; worker cooperatives and, 229, 234, 236, 239. See also Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in

Ahmad, Muneer I., 7, 36, 52, 53, 311, 386, 390, 391, 393, 394, 399

AIC (Advice in Crisis) Project, FEMA/Swed- ish Legal Advice in Crisis, 286-87, 290-94, 304-7, 341, 392

AIDS/HIV and homelessness, 211, 214-17 Akuno, Kali, 247n7 al Dosari, Jumah, 45

Al Jazeera, 112

Al Odah v. United States (2009), 40 al-Assad, Bashar, 123

Albany, State University of New York at: Col­lege of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security and Cybersecurity, SUNY Albany, 269-70, 286n6; relationship between Albany Law School and County Sheriff's Office, de­velopment of, 149, 150-52. See also Detention Outreach Project

Alberts, David S., 5 al-Qaeda, 42, 43, 45, 50, 58n24, 59n46, 61n72, 61n77

Alshawi, Haider Sameer Abdulkhaleq, 311, 320, 321

“alternative facts,” 361

Amazon (company), 247n9

American Bar Association (ABA), 134, 188n41, 314-15

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU): on Ferguson policing crisis, 66, 67, 68, 97; on Guantanamo detainees, 46, 58n42; immi­grants and IRP (Immigrants' Rights Project), 149, 311, 319, 320, 333, 338n4; John Adams Project, 58n42; on voter protections, 255; WPR (Women's Rights Project) and domestic violence, 17, 20, 21

American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man, 21-22

Amnesty International, 46, 66

Amsterdam, Anthony, 37, 41 anchor institution strategy for worker coopera­tives, 235, 246

AniBioThreat (European Union U 7th Frame­work Program), 303

Anthony, Susan B., 261

Anthropocene, 194, 203n18

ArchCity Defenders, 67, 72, 88, 93, 97, 104n37 Arendt, Hannah, 51

arrests and crime rates, lack of correlation between, 91, 106n58

ASAP (Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project), 327, 339n8

Associated Press, 108

Association of Pro Bono Counsel (APBCo),

156

Asylum Seeker Advocacy Project (ASAP), 327, 339n8

Australia, 38, 46, 121, 201, 271, 273 azidothymidine (AZT), 217

Azmy, Baher, 6, 32, 385-86, 393, 399

Bahrain, 45, 122

Bassuk, Ellen, 222

Battered Women's Justice Project, 26

Bell, Shane, 120-21

Bell, Wesley, 76

Bellacose, Joseph, 214

Belmar, Jon, 71

Bettinger-Lopez, Caroline, 6, 13, 387, 393, 399

Bhatt, Alok, 325

BHRH (Bringing Human Rights Home) move­ment, 20-21

Bilgin, Selcuk, 42

Birkland, Thomas A., 285-86n1, 288n55, 289n58 Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities, 229, 234, 236, 239.

Black, James, 193

Black Lives Matter, 66, 366

Blackmun, Harry, 16-17

Blumenthal, Richard, 327

Boggs, Billie (Joyce Brown), 226-27n28 Bottoms, Keisha Lance, 372

Boumediene v. Bush (2008), 48-50, 52

Bradford, Peter A., 196, 204n22

Bradley, Bill, 250

Bradley, Tom, 78

Brescia, Ray, 1, 57n18, 379, 397

Bringing Human Rights Home (BHRH) move­ment, 20-21

Britain. See United Kingdom

Brooklyn Defender Services, 133

Brooklyn Sprout, 236-40, 243

Brown, Joyce (Billie Boggs), 226-27n28

Brown, Michael, Sr., 73

Brown, Michael J., Jr., 63-66, 70, 71, 73, 81, 93, 96-97. See also Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in

Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 218, 220

Brunei, 271

Buchanan, Pat, 250

Buffett, Warren, 377

Bush, George H. W, and Haitian refugees, 57n18

Bush, George W: Guantanamo detainees and, 33-34, 35, 39, 40, 41, 49, 55n5, 61n79; legal interpretations, stretching, 89; media layer­ing and journalist protections, 122

Butler, Paul, 88, 105n42

Butterfly Ballot, 250

Callahan, Robert, 209

Callahan v. Carey (1981), 209-11, 213, 214, 217, 219, 221, 222, 223, 225n18

Camp Echo. See Guantanamo detainees Canada, 155, 271-74, 280-81 Cantil-Sakauye, Tani, 129 Carey, Hugh, 212

Carlberg, Ella, 7, 290, 305, 399 Carter, Jimmy, 204n22

Castle Rock v. Gonzalez (2005), 13-14, 15-20, 22, 27. See also domestic violence restraining orders

catastrophic disasters. See disasters and disaster recovery

Cato Institute, 46

CBP (Customs and Border Protection), US, 311, 323

CCR (Center for Constitutional Rights), 33, 34, 37-48, 51, 54, 57n20

CDBG (Community Development Block Grant) program, 174, 176

CDC (Center for Disease Control and Preven­tion), 215, 272

CED (community economic development), 233, 235, 243, 245, 248n30

CED-empowerment approach, 243

Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), 33, 34, 37-48, 51, 54, 57n20

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 215, 272

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 33, 37, 58n42, 110, 111, 114

CFIs (Credible Fear Interviews), 155, 158-59 Chasnoff, Jon, 97

Chavarria, Nury, and Chavarria litigation, 324­28, 329-33, 336, 338

Chelsea Collaborative, 140 Chemerinsky, Erwin, 57n25 Chesterfield Co., Virginia, 2008 presidential primary election in, 251-66; county of­ficials' response to complaints over, 262-63; decision not to file suit over, 262; election officials' failures depriving voters of their rights, 256-59; federal monitoring of general election following, 263; lessons learned from, 263-66; observer's view of, 254-56; party observer duties under SBE (State Board of Elections), 252-54; pro bono legal effort to problems in, 259-60; Senate Judiciary Committee testimony on, 260-62; specific failures, enumeration of, 259-60 children and youth: runaway and homeless, 356-58, 371.

China, 45, 48, 123, 130, 272-73, 276

China Earthquake Networks Centre, 272

Chira, Susan, 116

Chivers, Chris, 119, 120

CHP (combined heat and power) technology, 194, 203n17

Christopher Commission, 78-79 chronic policing crises, 75-77, 85-92, 101, 103n25 CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), 33, 37,

58n42, 110, 111, 114

civil disobedience, 138-39

Civil Rights Division, DOJ, 63, 77-78. See also

Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in

clients in crisis situations: access to, 41-42, 386; identifying, 381-83

climate change: accelerating pace of, 201; global and national efforts against, 201-2; historical and scientific background, 193-94; interac­tions with leaders and other constituencies in combating, 388-89; New York City and, 205n35; resiliency, climate-based definition of, 204n25. See also Superstorm Sandy and climate change

clinical crisis training. See Yale Law School, clinical crisis training at

Clinton, Bill, 47

Clinton, Hillary, 255

CMC (crisis management and communica­tion), as interdisciplinary field, 2, 3-5

CNN, 363, 373

Coalition for the Homeless, 207, 211, 212, 215, 217-21, 227n37, 382

Coalition to Save Interfaith, 237-38, 244

Coast Guard, Canadian, 280

Coast Guard, US, 274, 277, 278

Cohen, Rosalyn, 156

Cole, David, 45

College of Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security and Cybersecurity, SUNY Albany, 269-70, 286n6

Columbia University: Columbia Center for Climate Change Law (now Sabin Center), 190, 191, 197, 199, 202n4; Columbia Earth Institute, 200; Human Rights Institute, Columbia Law School, 20-21

combined heat and power (CHP) technology, 194, 203n17

Committee for Public Counsel Services, Mas­sachusetts, 140

Committee to Protect Journalists, 108 communications in crisis situations, 7, 356-78;

access to clients, 41-42, 386; body language and vocal tone, managing, 374-76; breath­ing, use of, 374; clear and succinct message, providing, 358, 359-63, 393; control, offering, 358, 372-75; customer service crises, 370-71; emotion of lawyer, controlling, 358, 375-76; emotion of other party, addressing, 358, 367­72; evidence/authority, backing up message with, 358, 363-67; eye contact, 376; focusing on specific problem, 358, 376-77; identify­ing and addressing crises, 358-59; interac­tions with leaders and other constituencies, 386-87, 388-89; media relations, 363; medical malpractice claims, 371; personal space, managing, 376; positivity, using, 361; repeti­tion, importance of, 361-63; runaway and homeless youth crises, 356-58, 371; simple and straightforward language, using, 360-61; storytelling, power of, 364-66, 378n3 Community Development Block Grant

(CDBG) program, 174, 176 community economic development (CED),

233, 235, 243, 245, 248n30 Community Mental Health Act, 226n23 Community Oriented and United Responses

to Address Gender Violence and Equality (COURAGE) in Policing Project, 14, 28-29 Community Oriented Policing Service (COPS),

DOJ, 68, 69, 71, 97

Community Relations Service (CRS), DOJ, 67, 69, 71, 84, 97-99

Con Edison and Superstorm Sandy.

COPS (Community Oriented Policing Service), DOJ, 68, 69, 71, 97

coronavirus. See COVID-19 pandemic corporations, political rights of, 233 Coumou, Bram, 279

Coumou v. United States (1997), 279, 288n38 COURAGE (Community Oriented and United

Responses to Address Gender Violence and

Equality) in Policing Project, 14, 28-29 courthouse arrests by ICE, 6, 127-41; chilling

effects of, 129, 131-32, 136-37, 140; civil disobe­dience in response to, 138-39; court/judicial responses to, 129, 134-37, 139-40, 142n11, 143-44n44; of domestic violence victims, 127, 134; of Dreamers, 134; of human trafficking victims, 130-31, 134, 136; ICE Out of Courts Coalition and, 135-36, 139, 140, 143n44; courthouse arrests by ICE (cont.) Immigrant Defense Project and, 128, 130-31, 132, 143-44n44; involvement of court officers in, 131, 133; plainclothes and unmarked cars, ICE agents using, 127, 130, 131, 133, 142-43nn29-30; professional obligations of attorneys and, 137-38, 144-45n55; recogni­tion of crisis, 128-29; rising incidence of, 127-28, 131-32, 134-36, 140; “sensitive loca­tions policy,” 134, 142n11, 143nn37-38; train­ing attorneys to deal with, 132; Twitter, email, and tip line warnings about, 132-33; walkouts against, 133-34, 137, 139

COVID-19 pandemic, 3, 229, 313-14, 338, 394 Covington v. Harris (1969), 226n23

Cox, Justin, 311 creativity, as legal imperative, 6. See also court­house arrests by ICE; Detention Outreach Project; domestic violence restraining orders; Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in; Guantanamo detainees; media lawyering and protection of journalists

Credible Fear Interviews (CFIs), 155, 158-59 crime rates and arrests, lack of correlation between, 91, 106n58

crisis lawyering, 1-9, 379-94; clients, identify­ing, 381-83; CMC as interdisciplinary field and, 2, 3-5; common guiding principles for, 389; compared to traditional lawyering, 5-6; creativity, imperative of, 6; critical questions in, 7-8; defining crisis/crisis situation, 4, 285- 86n1, 379-81; education and training in, 7, 390-94; as emerging field, 1-3; ethical frame­work for, 383-84; interactions with leaders and other constituencies, 386-87, 388-89; in­ternational crises, 7; recurring challenges and steps in, 4-5, 390-94; relationships between crisis and non-crisis lawyering, 332-35; special skills, requiring rapid development of, 387; in systemic contexts, 6-7; value conflicts and conflicts of interest in, 384-86.

crisis management and communication (CMC), as interdisciplinary field, 2, 3-5

CRS (Community Relations Service), DOJ, 67, 69, 71, 84, 97-99

CS AV RIO Pueblo biological threat, 276-78, 280 customer service crises, 370-71

Customs and Border Protection (CBP), US, 311, 323

Cynammon, David, 60n59

DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arriv­als) program, 316

Darweesh, Hameed Khalid, 311, 320, 321 Darweesh v. Trump (2017), 321, 324, 328-37, 339n4

data management: for disasters and disaster recovery, 180-83; DOP (Detention Outreach Project) and, 153, 155-59

Davis-Bacon Act, 178 decision-making, 5, 392 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals

(DACA) program, 316 “defund the police” demands, 74 Denbeaux, Mark, 45

Department of Defense, US: maritime response network and, 271. See also Guantanamo detainees

Department of Homeland Security (DHS), US: courthouse arrests by ICE and, 129; maritime response network and, 271; Parental Interests Directive for immigrant families, 149-50, 151, 164n16; Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, collaboration with, 303; zero tolerance and family separation policies for immigrants, 147

Department of Housing and Urban Develop­ment (HUD), US, 178

Department of Justice (DOJ), US: Castle Rock case and domestic violence policy/guidance, 24, 26, 27, 28, 31n16; Civil Rights Division, 63, 77-78; COPS (Community Oriented Polic­ing Service), 68, 69, 71, 97; CRS (Community Relations Service), 67, 69, 71, 84, 97-99; elec­tion monitoring in Chesterfield Co., Virginia and, 255, 260; Louisiana Bond Commission's response to Hurricane Katrina and, 183; maritime response network and, 271. See also Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in

Department of State, US. See State Department DeShaney v. Winnebago Cty Dep^,t of Soci. Serv.

(1989), 16, 22, 23

design thinking-based problem-solving, 351-53 Detainee Treatment Act, 44

Detention Outreach Project (DOP), 6, 146-62; best practices, developing, 152-53; CFIs (Credible Fear Interviews), managing, 155, 158-59; data management at, 153, 155-59; emotional toll on immigrant defenders and detention officers, 146, 159-61; ethic of com­munity care at, 159; jail, problem of detaining immigrants in, 154, 161; lessons learned, 162; mass influx of detainees into Albany, NY, 146-48, 153-54; origins and development of, 153-55; palliative care, moving beyond, 154; relationship between Albany Law School and County Sheriff's Office, development of, 149, 150-52; relationships with official bodies and immigrant advocacy groups, developing, 149-53, 154, 155-56, 157, 160-61; representation of immigrants, significance of, 148-49, 163n12; volunteer coordination and training, 155-57, 159; zero tolerance/family separation policies and, 146, 147

Detroit police consent decree, 105n43

DHS.

Disraeli, Benjamin, 365 Docke, Bernhard, 46-47, 55 DOJ. See Department of Justice domestic violence: courthouse arrests by ICE of victims of, 127, 134; youth and children, runaway and homeless, 356-58, 371 domestic violence restraining orders, 6, 13-30; abduction and death of Gonzales daughters, 13,14-15; Castle Rock v. Gonzalez, Supreme Court decision in, 13-14, 15-20, 22, 27; con­stitutional duty to enforce, 13, 18; COURAGE Project and, 14, 28-29; crisis precipitated by Castle Rock decision, 19-21; CRPD (Castle Rock Police Department), actions of, 13, 14­15, 17, 24; effects of IACHR decision, 26-28; human rights approach, when to invoke, 24-28; international human rights appeals based on, 21-23; Lenahan v. United States, IACHR decision in, 14, 20-21, 23-24, 26-27; “mandatory arrest” laws and, 13, 14, 18; ongo­ing struggles and future pathways, 28-30; property interest of victim in, 13, 18; Trump administration and, 14

Donnelly, Ann, 322, 323, 324

DOP. See Detention Outreach Project Dreamers: DACA (Deferred Action for Child­hood Arrivals) program, 316; ICE court­house arrests of, 134

Due Process Clause, 13, 16, 18, 44, 209-10 Dunleavy, Major General, 56n13

earthquake, Haiti (2010), 299

Ebola, 303

EDF (Environmental Defense Fund), 190, 198 education and training in crisis lawyering, 7, 390-94; in multiagency crisis coordination, 269-70, 281-82. See also communications in crisis situations; government lawyers in Swe­den and US, crisis training for; leadership in crisis situations; Yale Law School, clinical crisis training at

Ehrlichman, John, 193 Eisentrager, Lothar, 38

Eldredge v. Koch (1983), 211, 225n18 election monitoring, 7, 249-66; communica­tion of accurate information in, 264; Florida, presidential election in (2000), 250; goals and timing in, 265; homelessness and voting rights, 222; judgment and passion, balanc­ing, 265; leadership in, 265; long-term focus on avoiding crises in, 264; NYC primary elections (1981), 249-50; organization of monitoring, 264; Pennsylvania, presidential election in (2004), 250; preparation for and anticipation of issues, 263-64; situational awareness, role of, 250, 264-65, 392; Virginia, presidential election in (2012), 255. See also Chesterfield Co., Virginia, 2008 presidential primary election in

Elzie, Jonetta, 97 emergency situations, lawyering in. See crisis lawyering

emotions in crisis situations: lawyer's emotions, controlling, 358, 375-76; parties involved, addressing emotions of, 358, 367-72

ending and accounting, 5, 393 England. See United Kingdom Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), 190, 198 environmental issues: FARLEY MOWAT en­vironmental conservation ship, 280-81. See also climate change

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), 25 ERA (Equal Rights Amendment), 25 Erdogan government, Turkey, 119 Eriksson, Marika, 305 Erlanger, Steve, 123

Esmail v. Obama (2011), 61n77 Establishment Clause, 334 ethic of community care, DOP, 159 ethical framework for crisis lawyering, 383-84 European Court of Human Rights, 27, 29 European Union U 7th Framework Program (AniBioThreat), 303 expedited removal, 148

Fair Hearing determinations, 215, 220, 227n36 “fake news,” 122-23

FAMI (Friends and Advocates for the Mentally Ill), 212

family separation: Obama's Parental Interest Directive and, 149-50, 151, 164n16; Trump's zero tolerance and family separation policies, 146, 147, 164n16, 383-84; Yale Law School clinical crisis training and, 328 FARLEY MOWAT environmental conservation ship, 280-81

Farrell, Stephen, 116-18, 119-21

FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation), 37, 67,

68, 110, 111, 115, 118

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 37, 67, 68, 110, 111, 115, 118

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA): AIC (Advice in Crisis) Project, 286-87, 290-94, 304-7, 341, 392; clients, iden­tifying, 382; emotions of victims, recogniz­ing, 368; GAIN good practice model, 293-94, 295-97, 305; on long-term disaster recovery, 172, 178; multiagency crisis coordination, 388; PREP good practice model, 293, 294-95, 305; SALT performance standard, 292-93, 294, 306, 351; skills needed from lawyers by, 291-94; SOAP good practice model, 293, 297-303, 305; Superstorm Sandy/climate change and, 199-200

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, 394n2

FEMA. See Federal Emergency Management Agency

Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in, 6, 63-102; as acute policing crisis, 75, 79-85, 101; as chronic policing crisis, 75-77, 85-92, 101, 103n25; consent decree, DOJ negotiation and implementation of, 63, 64, 73, 106n59; consent decrees and chronic crises, 87-92, 105nn43-44; as dual policing crisis, 64-65, 73-77, 101; education and outreach roles of DOJ in, 100-101; expectations as to DOJ's role, managing, 65, 77-78, 83, 89, 99-100; findings report by DOJ, 71-73, 92-95, 100- 101; grand jury investigation, 63-64, 68, 71; “I am Darren Wilson” bracelets, 70-71, 84; impact of, 94-95; initial involvement of DOJ, 67-68; killing of Michael Brown by Darren Wilson, 63-64, 65-66; lawyers, activists, and community partners, involvement of, 67, 68, 71, 74, 95-99; lessons learned from, 95-102; nexus between acute and chronic crises, 82; occupancy permits ordinance and, 89, 91, 92, 106n59; pattern-or-practice authority of DOJ, 77-79; pattern-or-practice investiga­tion and report by DOJ, 63, 64, 65, 68-73, 93; pattern-or-practice work in acute crises, 79­81; pattern-or-practice work in chronic crises, 86-87; “personal responsibility” argument in, 86, 101; policing enforcement powers of DOJ, 63; protests and police response, 63-64, 66­68, 70-71, 72, 83; sundown town, Ferguson's history as, 86; systemic police misconduct, addressing harm caused by, 86-87

Ferguson Effect, 91

Fertile, Beth, 130 “fierce urgency of now,” 81, 99, 105n38 First Amendment, 71, 72, 84, 85, 123 Floyd, George, 74, 75, 90, 371 Foley, Jim, 108, 115, 121 food insecurity, 230-31, 232-33, 236-37 food sovereignty movement, 239-40 food stamps (Supplemental Nutrition Assis­tance Program or SNAP), 230, 236, 247n9 Foreign Assistance Act, US, 299 Formica, Glenn, 325, 326

foster care: aging out of, 356; homelessness and, 225n19; immigrant children in, 150; uncertainties of, 371

Foucault, Michel, 146

Fourteenth Amendment, 13, 16, 18, 72, 85, 91, 227n36

Fourth Amendment, 72, 85, 90, 91

FOX, 373

Foxx, Kim, 76

Freedman, Eric, 41 Freedom of Information Act, 43, 316 Friedman, Thomas, 2

Friends and Advocates for the Mentally Ill

(FAMI), 212

Frug, Gerry, 187n31

GAIN good practice model, FEMA, 293-94, 295-97, 305

Gall, Carlotta, 110

Gandhi, Mohandas, 138-39

Gandhi, Priya, 155 Garner, Eric, 71 Gelernt, Lee, 322

General Motors ignition switch recall, 353 Geneva Conventions, 35, 46

Georgia (country), 271 Germany, 32, 38, 42, 46-47, 55, 59n46 Gilbert, Elizabeth, 259

Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 18

Goldberg v. Kelly (1970), 209, 227n36 Goldsmith, Jack, 51

Gonzales, Jessica. See domestic violence restraining orders

Good Morning America (TV show), 17

Gore, Al, 250 government exception doctrine to class actions, in New York State, 224n11, 227n37 government lawyers in Sweden and US, crisis training for, 7, 290-307, 390; AIC (Advice in Crisis) Project, 286-87, 290-94, 304-7, 341, 392; clients, identifying, 382-83; communica­tions challenges, 386-87; GAIN good practice model, FEMA, 293-94, 295-97, 305; PREP good practice model, FEMA, 293, 294-95, 305; SALT performance standard, 292-93, 306, 351; skills needed from lawyers by FEMA, 291-94; SOAP good practice model, FEMA, 293, 297­303, 305; Swedish initiative, 303-6

Grant v. Cuomo (1987), 225n18

Gray, Freddie, 73

Great Barrier Reef, Australia, 201 Great Depression, 207, 208, 230 Great Recession (2008), 230, 365 Greater New Orleans Community Data Center, 182

Green, Joyce Hens, 42, 43 Greyhound Therapy, 226n22

Guantanamo Bay Bar Association, 43, 54, 387 Guantanamo detainees, 6, 32-55; access to clients, 41-42, 386; CCR (Center for Con­stitutional Rights) and, 33, 34, 37-48, 51, 54, 57n20; habeas corpus petitions, 34, 38-48, 56n7; Haitian refugees, 57n18, 337; history and background, 33-35; hunger strikes, 50-51; interrogation/torture programs and, 33, 35-36, 40, 45, 51, 56n8; Murat Kurnaz case, 32-33, 42, 45, 46-47, 54-55, 58-59n46; Adnan Latif case, 49, 50; lawyer conflicts of interest/values and, 385-86; legal lessons learned from, 34-35, 51-55; logic for holding as enemy combatants, 35-37, 40-41, 43, 55n5, 58n34; monsters, cast as, 33, 36, 45; Supreme

Court decisions regarding, 33, 34, 40-41, 47­51, 60n59, 61n79; victory and legal/political retrenchment on, 34, 47-51; wholesale and retail lawyering processes in, 43-48 Guantanamo Review Task Force, 48, 50 Guatemala, 325, 326-27

Gutierrex, Gita, 44

habeas corpus petitions: defined, 319; for Guantanamo detainees, 34, 38-48, 56n7; for immigrant detainees, 314, 316, 319-21, 334

Haiti, 278-80, 288n38, 299

Haitian refugees interned at Guantanamo, 57n18, 337

Halifax Disaster (1917), 3

Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006), 59n55

Hamilton, Alexander, 40

Hansen, James, 193

Hansford, Justin, 97 Harrison, John, 117

Harvard Business Review, 230

Harvard Law School Executive Education lead­ership programs, 341, 346, 353, 355n25

Harvard School of Public Health, 340

Hayes, Richard E., 5

Hayes, Robert, 208, 209, 228n43 hazard mitigation planning, 172 health. See medicine and health

Health Bucks, 233

Healthy Savings Program, 233

Heard v. Cuomo (1987), 213, 217, 219, 220 heat wave, NYC (2006), 195-96

Heifetz, Ron, 350

Heisig, Eric, 105n41 Heller, Becca, 318, 338n1

Her Justice, 131

Hicks, David, 46

Hispanic/Latinx community, 14, 82, 137, 151, 367 HIV/AIDs and homelessness, 211, 214-17 Holder, Eric, 64, 66, 67-68, 70

Homan, Thomas, 129

HOME TRUTH (film), 26, 27, 28

Homeland Security. See Department of Home­land Security

homelessness, 7, 207-23; Callahan consent decree, terms of, 210, 224-25n15; character­ization of legal agenda, 217-18; children and youth, runaway and homeless, 356-58, 371; defined, 223n2; effectiveness of litigation strategy, 220-21; elections and voting rights, 222; “end” of crisis, determining, 222-23; fac­tors to be considered in litigating, 218-19; homelessness (cont.)

Fair Hearing determinations, 215, 220, 227n36; foster care and, 225n19; HIV/AIDs and, 211, 214-17; as housing issue, 223, 228n47; litiga­tion history, 209-17; mass homelessness crisis of 1970s∕1980s, 207-9; mental illness and, 208, 211-14, 219, 220, 225-26nn20-23; remedies, deciding on, 221-22; sickle cell anemia, hous­ing for persons with, 215; strategic partner­ships for combating, 219-20; substance abuse and, 208, 225-26nn20-21

Horton, Radley, 198, 204n28 hostage-takings. See media lawyering and protection of journalists

housing, homelessness as problem of, 223, 228n47 Housing and Community Development Act, 177 Housing and Urban Development (HUD), US

Department of, 178

Huertas-Noble, Carmen, 7, 229, 393, 399 human rights, in domestic violence cases, 24-28 Human Rights Clinic, University of Miami

School of Law, 29

Human Rights First, 46

Human Rights Institute, Columbia Law School,

20-21

Human Rights Watch, 46

Human Rights Watch Film Festival, 26 human trafficking victims, ICE arrests of, 130-31 Hungary, 123

Hurricane Harvey, 201, 202n1

Hurricane Katrina, 174-77, 181-83, 201, 202n1, 287n25, 287n29, 385

Hurricane Maria, 199, 201, 202, 202n1, 385 Hurricane Michael, 187n32

Hurricane Sandy. See Superstorm Sandy and climate change

Huskey, Kristine, 40

IACHR. See Inter-American Commission on

Human Rights

ICE. See immigrants/Immigration and Cus­toms Enforcement

ICE Out of Courts Coalition, 135-36, 139, 140, 143n44

ICE-Free Capital District, 154

ICRC (International Committee of the Red

Cross), 56n8, 111 ideation, 352

Illinois Sexual Assault Incident Procedure Act, 27 IMC (Interfaith Medical Center), Brooklyn, 237-38 Immigrant Defense Project, 128, 130-31, 132, 143-44n44 Immigrants' Rights Project (IRP), ACLU, 149, 311, 319, 320, 333, 338n4 immigrants/Immigration and Customs Enforce­ment (ICE): CBP (Customs and Border Protection), 311, 323; COVID-19 and immigrant detention, 313-14; crisis lawyering, familiar­ity of immigration lawyers with, 312; DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) program, 316; habeas corpus petitions for im­migrant detainees, 314, 316, 319-21, 334; Muslim travel ban, 1, 7, 152-53, 311-12, 318-24, 331, 332, 334-35, 338; orders of supervision, revocations of, 324-25; religious sanctuary claims, 312, 324-28; sanctuary cities, 318; SUN-SEA migrant ship, 274-76, 280; Tibbetts murder and, 367; Trump, immigration crisis under, 312, 318-19, 324-25; US-Mexico border security and border wall, 319; Yale, WIRAC (Worker & Immi­grant Rights Advocacy Clinic) at, 316. See also courthouse arrests by ICE; Detention Outreach Project; family separation incarceration. See prisons, prison systems, and prisoners

Indonesia, 271

inequalities, political/economic/racial, 7; disaster recovery and, 168-69, 172, 187n32, 187n37; food insecurity, 230-31, 232-33, 236-37; health disparities, 231-33, 236-37; in marginalized communities, 230-33; policing crises and, 77, 85; post-Superstorm Sandy efforts against, 201; unemployment rates, 231. See also homelessness; worker cooperatives Innovation Law Lab, 152-53, 157-58 integrative lawyering approach, 244 interagency crisis management. See multia­gency crisis coordination

Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR): appeals against US government to, 21-23; Lenahan v. United States (2011) deci­sion, 14, 20-21, 23-24, 26-27

Interfaith Medical Center (IMC), Brooklyn, 237-38 International Association of Chiefs of Police, 26 International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), 56n8, 111

International Criminal Court, Lenahan case cited in, 27

international crises, 7. See also domestic violence restraining orders; government lawyers in Sweden and US, crisis training for; Guantanamo detainees; media lawyering and protection of journalists; multiagency crisis coordination; specific countries

International Refugee Assistance Project

(IRAP), 311, 318-21, 331, 333, 338n1, 338n4 Iran, 319, 323

IRAP (International Refugee Assistance Proj­ect), 311, 318-21, 331, 333, 338n1, 338n4

Iraq, 40, 109, 118, 160, 311, 318, 319

IRP (Immigrants' Rights Project), ACLU, 149,

311, 319, 320, 333, 338n4

ISIS, 108, 121

Jackson, Tom, 70-71

Jadwat, Omar, 323, 338n4

jail. See prisons, prison systems, and prisoners Janov, Gwenellen, 250

Japan, 271

Japanese internments, 36, 39, 40, 41

JFK International Airport, Muslim travel ban

response at, 152-53, 311, 318-24, 386 Joanne S. v. Carey (1986), 226n25 John Adams Project, ACLU, 58n42 Johnson, Lyndon, 314 Johnson, Nora, 7, 269, 388, 390, 391, 399 Jones, Jeff, 192 Jordan, 122 journalists, protection of. See media lawyering

and protection of journalists

Justice Department. See Department of Justice

Katzman, Harlene, 156

Keller, Bill, 110, 112

Kelly, John, 129, 352-53

Kennedy School of Government, 340

Kenya, 27, 118

Khaneman, Daniel, Thinking, Fast and Slow, 362 kidnappings. See media lawyering and protec­tion of journalists

Kieserman, Brad, 7, 290, 305, 351, 388, 392, 394, 399 Kilcullen, Elena, 161

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 105n38; Letter from a

Birmingham Jail, 138

King, Rodney, 78-79

Kirkpatrich, David, 120

Klostermann, John, 212 Klostermann v. Cuomo (1981), 212-13, 214, 217,

220, 226n25

Knowles, Tony, 73

Koch, Edward, 210, 215, 226-27n28, 228n47 Koh, Harold, 57n18

Kolbert, Elizabeth, 201

Korematsu, Fred, 40

Koskinas v. Boufford (1987), 213, 217

Koslowe, Neil, 40

Kramer, Larry, The Normal Heart, 215 Kurnaz, Murat, 32-33, 42, 45, 46-47, 54-55,

58-59n46

Kuwait, 40, 41, 60n59, 122

Lane, Tony, 17 Langdellian case method, 314 Lapidus, Lenora, 20 Latif, Adnan, 50 Latif v. Obama (2012), 49 Latinx/Hispanic community, 14, 82, 137, 151, 367 Law Enforcement Misconduct Statute, 74, 79 lawyering in crisis situations. See crisis lawyering leadership in crisis situations, 7, 340-54; advantages

of lawyers in crises, 341-45; advocacy trap, avoid­ing, 348-49; design thinking-based problem­solving, 351-53; development and training in, 353; diagnostic skills, 344-45, 349; disadvantages of lawyers in crises, 345-49; followers, developing and empowering, 349; lawyer personality traits,

341- 42; legal education and practice, effects of,

342- 44; managing across, 345; managing up, 345; meta-leadership model, 340-41, 344-45, 349; mind-set shifting, 351; resilience and sociability traits, 347, 349, 351; risk aversion and, 347, 348, 355n18; self-awareness, 344, 349, 350; skepticism/ pessimism, lawyers' tendency toward, 347-48; teamwork, 345-46, 350

learning from crises, 5, 393-94 Legal Aid Society, 130, 133, 134, 211 Legal Services NYC, 131 Lehner, Edward, 213-14, 215-16 lemons spiked with radiological substance, 276-78 Lenahan, Jessica. See domestic violence re­straining orders

Lenahan v. United States (2011), 14, 20-21, 23­

24, 26-27 LGBTQ+ community, 14, 29, 127, 229, 234 Libya, 109, 118-21, 123, 319 Lobell, Jules, 62n90 Loehmann, Timothy, 87 Lopez, Christy F., 6, 57n18, 63, 382, 392, 393, 400 Los Angeles Times, 45 Love v. Koch (1990), 220 Lowrey, Wesley, 66, 81 Loyo, Ruben, 326 Luban, David, 60n57, 89, 106n54 Lynch, Loretta, 26, 73 Lyons, Colorado, flood in, 173, 180

Mackler, Camille, 152-53, 155, 156, 157 Madison, James, 40, 46 Maduro, Nicolas, 123 Magna Carta, 37, 38, 53 major disasters. See disasters and disaster recovery Malaysia, 122

managing up and managing across, 345 Manning, Stephen, 152, 158

Margulies, Joe, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 55-56n6 Margulies, Peter, 9n2

Marines, leadership training for, 352-53 Maritime Event Response Protocol (MERP),

Canada, 271-73, 281

Maritime Operational Threat Response Plan (MOTR), United States, 271-73, 288n43, 390 maritime response networks, 270-72, 388, 390, 391-92. See also multiagency crisis coordination Marks, Lawrence, 136, 139

Marshall, John Travis, 7, 166, 388-89, 392, 394, 400 Marshall, Thurgood, 250

Martensson, Per-Ake, 7, 290, 303, 305, 400 The Martian (film), 376

Martin, Emily, 20 Matos, Kica, 325 McCain, John, 48, 108

McCain v. Koch (1987), 211, 216, 225n18 McCraw, David, 6, 108, 116, 383, 400 McCulloch, Robert P., 71 McKesson, DeRay, 97

McKibben, Bill, The End of Nature, 193 McNally, Terrence, 228n46 meaning-making, 5, 392-93

media lawyering and protection of journalists, 6, 108-24; deaths, injuries, and detentions, 118­19; decline of newspaper industry, 108, 124- 25n2; disappearance/detention of 4 journalists in Libya, 118-21; Farrell/Munadi kidnapping, in Afghanistan, 116-18, 126n15; Foley/Sotl- off hostage-taking and execution, in Syria, 108, 115, 121; hybrid legal and operational role of lawyer, 112-15; lessons learned from, 124; news organizations compared to other corporations, 113-14; presidential anti-media rhetoric and, 122-23; ransom payments, 112, 114-15, 117-18, 125n9, 125nn6-7; rise of social media, 109; Rohde kidnapping and recovery, in Afghanistan, 109-18; security protocols, establishing, 121-22; skills required for, 109-16 media relations in crisis situations, 363 media scrutiny of postdisaster lawyering, 173-77 medicine and health: health inequalities, 231-33, 236-37; malpractice claims, 370-71; medical crisis standards, 384; SDOH (social determinants of health), 231, 237

Mennonite Disaster Service, 298

mental illness: deinstitutionalization move­ment, 226n23, 226n26; homelessness and, 208, 211-14, 219, 220, 225-26nn20-23; invol­untary hospitalization for, 226-27n28; youth and children, runaway and homeless, 356 Merkel, Angela, 46

MERP (Maritime Event Response Protocol), Canada, 271-73, 281

MERP/MOTR Strategic Protocol, Canada/US, 272-73

meta-leadership model, 340-41, 344-45, 349 #MeToo movement, 14, 366

Mexico, 319

Military Commissions Act, 44, 47 mind-set shifting, 351

Mixon v. Grinker (1995), 215-17, 219, 221 Mori, Dan, 46

MOTR (Maritime Operational Threat Response Plan), United States, 271-73, 288n43, 390

Movement for Black Lives, 239

Mowat, Farley, 280 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 193 MSNBC, 373

Mukherjee, Elora, 339n5 Mukunda, Gautum, 230 multiagency crisis coordination, 7, 269­

85; CSAV RIO Pueblo biological threat,

276- 78, 280; definition of coordination, 286n9; education and training in, 269-70, 281-82; FARLEY MOWAT environmental conservation ship, 280-81; FEMA and, 388; Hurricane Katrina, 287n25, 287n29; maritime response networks, 270-72, 388, 390, 391-92; M/V NORDIC drug trafficking case, 278-80; “Rules for Crisis Lawyering in a Multi-Agency Environment,” 270, 281-84; SUN- SEA migrant ship, 274-76, 280; termi­nology developed for, 270; Tianjin (China) explosion, 272-73, 276; validating and sharing information, problems with, 275-76,

277- 78, 279-80

Munadi, Sultan, 116-18, 126n15

Muslim travel ban, 1, 7, 152-53, 311-12, 318-24, 331, 332, 334-35, 338

M/V NORDIC drug trafficking case, 278-80 Myanmar, 123

Nadler, Jerry, 27 Nagin, C. Ray, 176

Nancy Grace (TV show), 17 Nangwaya, Ajamu, 247n7

National Center for Crisis Management, Research and Training, Swedish National Defence College, 270, 286n7

National Disaster Recovery Framework, 177

National Domestic Violence Hotline, 29

National Immigration Law Center (NILC), 311, 318, 319, 320, 331, 333

National Incident Management framework, 388

National Lawyers Guild, 67, 71, 97

National Maritime Information Centre

(NMIC), UK, 271, 272

National Public Radio (NPR), 102n10, 130 natural disasters. See disasters and disaster recovery Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), 190, 198

New Deal, 208

New Haven Register, 326

New Orleans, Hurricane Katrina in, 174-77, 181-83

New Orleans Redevelopment Authority (NORA), 174-77, 181-82, 186n19

New York City Environmental Justice Alliance, 201

New York Immigrant Family Unity Project (NYIFUP), 148, 152

New York Immigration Coalition (NYIC), 152

New York State Constitution, 210

New York State Mental Hygiene Law, 212, 213

New York Times, 41, 73, 108, 153, 323, 326, 383. See also media lawyering and protection of journalists

New Yorker, 28, 201

New Zealand, 273

Nicaragua, 37

NILC (National Immigration Law Center), 311, 318, 319, 320, 331, 333

9/11, 33, 34, 37-40, 55n5, 335, 340

Nixon, Jay, 66

Nixon, Richard, 193

NMIC (National Maritime Information Cen­tre), UK, 271, 272

NORA (New Orleans Redevelopment Author­ity), 174-77, 181-82, 186n19

NPR (National Public Radio), 102n10, 130

NRDS (Natural Resources Defense Council), 190, 198

NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue, 233

NYIC (New York Immigration Coalition), 152

NYIFUP (New York Immigrant Family Unity Project), 148, 152

OAS (Organization of American States), 21-22

Obama, Barack: crisis leadership style of, 349; domestic violence guidance and policy under, 26, 27, 28-29; on Ferguson, 66; on Guantana­mo detainees, 48, 49, 50-51, 61n79; immigra­tion law under, 312; media lawyering and journalistic protection under, 116; Parental Interest Directive for immigrant families un­der, 149-50, 151, 164n16; Virginia, presidential election in (2012), 255. See also Chesterfield Co., Virginia, 2008 presidential election in #OperationCleanSweep, 302-3 orders of supervision (for immigrants), revoca­tions of, 324-25

Organization of American States (OAS), 21-22 Orihuela, Marisol, 326, 339n5

Otero, Hector Luis, 325

Pace Law School Climate Change and Energy

Center (PACE), 190 Packnett, Brittany, 97 Pakistan, 42, 59n47, 111, 115-17 Palmer v. Cuomo (1986), 225n18 Panama City, Florida, Hurricane Michael in, 187n32 Pantaleo, Daniel, 71

Parental Interests Directive, 149-50, 151, 164n16 Paris Agreement, US withdrawal from, 201-2 Pataki, George, 196 pattern-or-practice investigations. See under

Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in PBS, 26

PCP (pneumocystis carini pneumonia), 214 PDP (procedural due process), 16 People’s Daily (China), 123 “personal responsibility” argument in Fergu­son, 86, 101

personalities of lawyers and crisis management.

See leadership in crisis situations Philippines, 271 Phillips, Wayne, 221 Piercy, Marge, He, She and It, 193 Pinner, Richard, 7, 207, 382, 393, 400 Pitts v. Black (1984), 222 Plant-Based Lifestyle Medicine Program, 233 pneumocystis carini pneumonia (PCP), 214 Poe, Tef, 97 Poellot, Stephen, 338n4 Poland, 123

Police Executive Research Forum, 26 policing crises and police reform, 7 1, 73-74, 76,

77, 366, 371-72. See also Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in post-traumatic stress disorder, 160 PREP good practice model, FEMA, 293, 294­

95, 305 preparation for crises, 4, 390-91

Prezi (online presentation platform), 155 Prince, Samuel Henry, Catastrophe and Social

Change, 3

prisons, prison systems, and prisoners: Abolish Prisons movement, 161; African Americans, mass incarceration of, 36; problem of immi­grant detention in, 154, 161; reentry programs, 160-61; worker cooperatives and, 234, 236 problem definition, 351 procedural due process (PDP), 16 Project HELP, 226-27n28 prototyping, 352

Qadaffi, Muammar, 119-20

Randolph, Raymond, 50

Rasul v. Bush (2004), 39-41, 42, 43, 44, 51, 52, 53 Ratner, Michael, 37-38, 39, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 53, 56-57nn17-18

Reagan, Ronald, 37

Red Cross, 56n8, 111

Reed, Kayla, 97

Reforming the Energy Vision (REV), 200-201 refugees: Haitian refugees detained at Guanta­namo, 57n18, 337. See also immigrants/Immi- gration and Customs Enforcement

Religious Freedom Restoration Act, 334 religious sanctuary, immigrants claiming, 312, 324-28

Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), New York State, 196-97

Reprieve (organization), 46

resiliency: climate-based definition of, 204n25; leadership in crises and, 347, 349, 351

REV (Reforming the Energy Vision), 200-201 Rice, Tamir, 71, 87, 105n41

The Right Stuff (film), 376

Risser-Lovings, Missy, 7, 229, 400

Rivera, Tina, 20, 23

Rivera Forastieri, Ana Maria, 325

Road Home Program, Louisiana, 175, 186n20 Robbins, Liz, 153

Roberts, John, 192

Rodrigues, Nancy, 252-53, 254, 255, 256

Roe v. Wade (1973), 28

Rogerson, Sarah, 6, 146, 384, 387, 391, 400 Rohde, David, 109-18

Rohde, Kristen, 110, 111, 115, 116

Rohde, Lee, 110, 111, 116 Rohingya Muslims, 123

RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard), New York State, 196-97

Rubin, Alissa, 118

Rumsfeld v. Padilla (2004), 40

Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (New York), 356

Rutledge, Wiley, 41

Safe Horizon, 131

SALT performance standard, 292-93, 294, 306, 351

Samaritan's Purse, 298

San Antonio School District v. Rodriguez (1973), 209

sanctuary, immigrants claiming, 312, 324-28 sanctuary cities, 318

Sanctuary for Families, 131

SAR (search and rescue) obligations, US, 274 Saudi Arabia, 117

Scalia, Antonin, 17-18

Schlegel, Torkel, 7, 290, 303, 305, 401

Schreck, Heidi, 28

Schroder, Gerhard, 46

SDOH (social determinants of health), 231, 237 SDP (substantive due process), 16, 210

Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, 280 search and rescue (SAR) obligations, US, 274 sectorial or industry transformation strategy, 235 self-awareness, as crisis leadership skill, 344, 349, 350

Seligmann, Martin, 347

Senate Judiciary Committee, testimony on election failures before, 260-62

Senegal, 271

sense-making, 4-5, 297, 391-92 “sensitive locations policy,” ICE, 134, 142n11, 143nn37-38

September 11, 2001, 33, 34, 37-40, 55n5, 335, 340 Sessions, Jeff, 144n55

Shadid, Anthony, 118-21

Shaglouf, Mohammed, 119, 120-21 sickle cell anemia, housing for persons with, 215 Sign-Up Genius, 155-56

Silberman, Laurence H., 61n77

Simmons, Montague, 97

Simons Center for Interagency Cooperation, 269 situational awareness: as common guiding prin­ciple for crisis lawyering, 389; effective lines of communication and, 386; in election moni­toring, 250, 264-65, 392; government lawyers, crisis training for, 295, 297; in interactions with leaders and other constituencies, 388; leadership in crisis situations and, 341, 354; in multiagency crisis coordination, 281

60 Minutes (TV show), 15, 17, 59n46

Slack (app), 153, 156

SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program), 230, 236, 247n9

SOAP good practice model, FEMA, 293, 297­303, 305

social determinants of health (SDOH), 231, 237 social media, rise of, 109 Socratic approach, 343 Somalia, 123, 319

Sotloff, Steve, 108, 115, 121 Sotomayor, Sonia, 94-95 Sperduto, Kim, 250 Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency As­sistance Act, 177, 290, 291, 299

Stafford Smith, Clive, 37, 41, 46

Stalin, Joseph, 365

State Department, US: Castle Rock case and,

24, 27; maritime response network and, 271; media lawyering and journalist protections, 111, 118, 120, 122

Steffen, Will, 203n18

Stein, Eleanor, 7, 189, 382, 388-89, 392, 393, 401 Stern, Eric K., 1, 7, 290, 305, 341, 379, 388, 390, 392, 394, 397-98

Stevens, John Paul, 18, 41

Stevenson, Bryan, 53 Stimpson, Cully, 59-60n57 Stode, Blake, 88 stop-and-frisk in New York City, 90 stress test, crisis lawyering as, 336-83 substance abuse: homelessness and, 208, 225-26nn20-21; M/V NORDIC drug traf­ficking case, 278-80; youth and children, runaway and homeless, 356 substantive due process (SDP), 16, 210 Sudan, 319

Sullivan, Jay, 7, 356, 387-88, 392, 401 Sulzberger, A. G., 123

SUN- SEA migrant ship, 274-76, 280 Superstorm Sandy and climate change: ALJ

(administrative law judge) at state PSC (Public Service Commission), role of, 189-93; Brownsville (Brooklyn) project (later Brooklyn/Queens Demand Manage­ment), 200-201; damage caused by storm, 189; FEMA floodplain maps and, 199-200; mediation process at PSC, 194-97; rate filing by Con Edison, 190-91, 195, 197, 198-99, 200, 202-3n9; resiliency collaborative and report, 191, 192-93, 194-95, 197-201, 204n26, 205n38; REV (Reforming the Energy Vision), 200-201; scientific/historical background to climate change, 193-94

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), 230, 236, 247n9

Supportive Housing Network ofNew York City, 211 Supreme Court, US: corporations, political rights of, 233-50; on domestic violence, 13-14, 15-20, 22, 23, 27, 387; Eisentrager case, 38; on Guantana­mo detainees, 33, 34, 40-41, 47-51, 60n59, 61n79; on homelessness, 209; Japanese internments sanctioned by, 39, 41; on Muslim travel ban, 324, 334; on policing, 76, 77, 94-95; on storytelling, 378n3; on voter protections, 249. See also specific justices and specific cases by name

Suspension Clause, 47

Sustainability Task Force, NYC, 197 Sweden, 270, 286n7, 303-6

Swedish Association of County Boards, 306 Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, 303, 305 Swedish Defense University, 305

Swedish Legal Advice in Crisis, 306-7, 386-87, 390 Swedish National Defence College, National

Center for Crisis Management, Research and Training, 270, 286n7

Swift, Charles, 46, 59n55

Syria, 108, 118-19, 123, 318, 319, 322 systemic contexts, crisis lawyering in, 6-7. See also climate change; disasters and disaster recovery; election monitoring; homeless­ness; Superstorm Sandy and climate change; worker cooperatives

Taliban, 42, 58n24, 109, 110, 116, 126n15 Talwani, Indira, 139-40

Tatel, David, 49

Taylor, Keeanga-Yamahtta, 101 teamwork, 345-46, 350 terminating and accounting, 5, 393 testing, as problem-solving skill, 352-53 Thailand, 271

The Legal Project, 147, 150, 155, 157 Tianjin (China) explosion, 272-73, 276 Tibbetts, Moliie, 367

Towes, Vic, 274 training. See education and training in crisis lawyering

Trump, Donald: “alternative facts” debacle, 361; anti-media rhetoric and endangerment of journalists, 122-23; courthouse arrests by ICE under, 127-28, 144n55; DACA (Deferred Ac­tion for Childhood Arrivals) program, efforts to terminate, 316; domestic violence restraining Trump, Donald (cont.) orders and, 14; Guantanamo detainees and, 51, 55; immigration crisis under, 312, 318-19, 324­25; legal interpretations, stretching, 89; Muslim travel ban, 1, 7, 152-53, 311-12, 318-24, 331, 332, 334-35, 338; Paris Agreement, US withdrawal from, 201-2; policing crises under, 80, 103n19; zero tolerance and family separation policies for immigrants under, 146, 147, 164n16, 383-84

Turetsky, David S., 7, 249, 388, 392, 401

Turkey, 32, 33, 42, 119-20

Twitter, 120, 132-33

Tyler, Andrew R., 210

Uighurs in Guantanamo, 45, 48, 50, 58n45 unemployment rates, 231

Unidad Latina en Accion, 325-26

United Kingdom, 38, 46, 117, 126n15, 139, 155, 271, 272, 273

United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, 23

United Nations Human Rights Committee, 23

United Nations Security Council Resolution 2341, 269

United Nations Special Rapporteur on Vio­lence Against Women, 23

United States Agency for International Devel­opment (USAID), 299

United States Climate Alliance, 201-2

United States v. Morrison (2000), 17, 23 upspeak, 375

Urban Justice Center, 327

USAID (United States Agency for International Development), 299

Utah v. Strieff (2016), 94-95

vaccine use, 362-63

value conflicts in crisis lawyering, 384-86 Venezuela, 123

Violence Against Women Act, 17, 27

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, 79

voter protection. See election monitoring Voting Rights Act, 249-50, 255

Wall Street Journal, 108

Wallach, Richard, 212

Wang, Lee, 6, 127, 387, 391, 393, 401 War on Poverty, 314 Washington Post, 108

Watt, Steven, 20

Waxman, Seth, 47

Western Queens Power to the People, 196 Westfahl, Scott, 7, 339, 389, 390, 394, 401 What the Constitution Means to Me (play), 28 Whole of Government Center of Excellence,

William & Mary, 269, 286n5 Wilkins, David, 342, 353 Wilner, Tom, 40 Wilson, Brian, 7, 269, 388, 390, 401 Wilson, Darren, 63-66, 68, 70, 71-72, 84. See

also Ferguson, DOJ and policing crisis in Wilson, Joshua C., 30 Wishnie, Michael J., 7, 57n18, 311, 386, 390, 391,

393, 394, 401

Wofsy, Cody, 338n4 Women's Rights Project (WRP), ACLU, and

domestic violence, 17, 20, 21 Woods, Tiger and Earl, 343 “work the problem,” 376-77 worker cooperatives, 7, 229-46; Brooklyn Sprout

case study, 236-40, 243; challenges and best practices, 240-46; conceivers versus members, working with, 241-42; corporate political rights, exploiting, 233; defined, 234; different lawyering approaches to, 243-44; as economic/ political equalizers, 233-35; economic/politi- cal inequalities in marginalized communities, 230-33; inclusive legal problem-solving skills, need for, 244-46; legal strategies for, 235; staff­ing and clarity of roles, 242-43 World Shipping Council, 277 WRP (Women's Rights Project), ACLU, and

domestic violence, 17, 20, 21

Yale Law School, clinical crisis training at, 7, 311­38; case selection, lessons learned for, 335-36; clinical pedagogy, lessons learned for, 328-32; concept of clinical legal education, 312-18; COV­ID-19 and immigrant detention, 313-14; impor­tance of training students in crisis lawyering, 317-18; Muslim travel ban, 311-12, 318-24, 331, 332, 334-35, 338; relationships between crisis and non-crisis lawyering, 332-35; religious sanctuary claims, 312, 324-28; stress test, crisis lawyering as, 336-83; WIRAC (Worker & Immigrant Rights Advocacy Clinic), 316, 319-21, 326, 327 Yemen, 44, 122, 319 youth and children: runaway and homeless, 356­

58, 371. See also family separation; foster care

Zen Desk, 153, 158-59 zero tolerance policy for immigrants, 146, 147 Zibelman, Audrey, 201, 205n38