Conclusion

In Tanzania, control of BTB is impeded by the lack of a clear policy to control the disease, traditional pastoral husbandry systems, and more recently, the presence of wildlife reservoirs.

Despite the perceived current low prevalence of BTB in the different regions of Tanzania, continuous monitoring of the disease in both livestock and wildlife is of paramount importance. The presence of the large diversity of M. bovis strains in indigenous cattle indicates uncontrolled movement and, possibly, intermingling with wildlife, and it is essential that educational and public awareness programs be given priority in areas where livestock are in close proximity to wildlife. Moreover,

high-risk areas should be identified to allow targeted interventions, for better man­agement of the control program, and the rational application of scarce resources. Effective control will need collaboration between government institutions, herds­men, and other stakeholders, and it is important that all concerned embrace any future action plan to control the disease.

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