Author Biographies

EDITORS

Jacob Bercovitch is professor of International Relations, and Fellow of the Royal Society, at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. He received his PhD from the London School of Economics.

Victor Kremenyuk is Russian historian and political scientist, professor and Deputy Director of the Institute for US and Canadian studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His areas of interest include international relations, conflict studies, risk and crisis control, and international negotiation. He has published almost 250 works in Russian, English, Chinese, Arabic, French, and Swedish. Since 1983, he is associated with IIASA Process of International Negotiation Programme, is editor of the state-of-the-art International Negotiation: Analysis, Approaches, Issues (two editions at the Jossey Bass in 1991 and 2002), and is winner of the 2002 Book Award at the CPR Institute for Dispute Resolution (New York) and for several other books. He is also winner of the Soviet National Prize for Science and Technology (1980), and of the Russian government prize for the strategic risk analysis (2004). He was included into the list of leading intellectuals of 2007, compiled by the International Biographical Centre, Cambridge, UK.

I. William Zartman is Jacob Blaustein Professor of Conflict Resolution and International Organization at the Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University.

CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS

PartI

Louis Kriesberg (PhD, 1953, University of Chicago) is Professor Emeritus of Sociology, Maxwell Professor Emeritus of Social Conflict Studies, and founding director of the Program on the Analysis and Resolution of Conflicts (1986-1994), all at Syracuse University. In addition to over 125 book chapters and articles, his published books include: Constructive Conflicts (1998, 2003,2007), International ConflictResolution (1992), Timing the De-Escalation OfInternational Conflicts (co-ed., 1991), Intractable Conflicts and Their Transformation (co-ed., 1989), and Social Conflicts (1973,1982). His current research interests include the transformation of violent civil conflicts, alternative American foreign policies, intractable conflicts, and reconciliation.

Christer Jonsson is professor of Political science at Lund University, Sweden. He earned his PhD at Lund University in 1975, and has been visiting professor at Kyung Hee University, Seoul, and Stanford University. His research interests include international negotiation, diplomacy, and the role of transnational networks in international cooperation. He has published numerous books, articles, and book chapters, and is the co-author of Organizing European Space (2000) and Essence of Diplomacy (2005).

J. David Singer is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Jack S. Levy (PhD, University of Wisconsin Madison, USA) is Board of Governors’ Professor of Political Science at Rutgers University, and Senior Associate at the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies at Columbia University. He is president of the International Studies Association (2007-08) and past president of the Peace Science Society (2005-06). His current research interests include preventive war, balance of power theory, power transition theory, the evolution of war, the militarization of commercial rivalries, applications of prospect theory to international relations, time horizons and discounting, intelligence failure, the causes of World Wars I & II, and qualitative methodology. See www.rci.rutgers.edu/~jacklevy/

Rudolf Avenhaus is professor of Statistics and Operations Research at the University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich, Germany. Prior to his academic appointment in1980, he was research assistant at the Universities of Karlsruhe and Geneva, Research Scholar at the Nuclear Research Center, Karlsruhe, and Lecturer at the University of Mannheim. From 1973 to 1975 and again in 1980, he worked at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). Professor Avenhaus has written numerous scientific journal publications, as well as Material Accountability (1977), Safeguards Systems Analysis (1987), Compliance Quantified (together with M. Canty, 1996), Verifying Treaty Compliance (ed. with N. Kyriakopoulos, M. Richard and G. Stein, 2006). In 1989 and 1990, he was Chairman of his Faculty, in 1993 and 1994, Vice President, and in 1994, Acting President of his University. Since 1996, he has been a member of the Steering Committee of the Processes of International Negotiations (PIN) Program of IIASA.

Dean G. Pruitt is Distinguished Scholar in Residence at the Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution at George Mason University and SUNY Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Department of Psychology at the University at Buffalo: State University of New York.

Daniel Druckman is a professor in the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University. He has been the Vernon M. and Minnie I. Lynch Professor of Conflict Resolution at George Mason, where he has coordinated the doctoral program at the Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution. He is also a professor at the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, a member of the faculty at Sabanci University in Istanbul, and a visiting professor at National Yunlin University of Science and Technology in Taiwan and at the University of Melbourne in Australia. He received a PhD from Northwestern University and was awarded a best-in-field prize from the American Institutes for Research for his doctoral dissertation. He has published widely on such topics as negotiating behavior, nationalism and group identity, human performance, peacekeeping, political stability, nonverbal communication, and research methodology. He is a board member or associate editor of eight journals and co­edits a new book series on InternationalNegotiation. Hereceivedthe 1995 OttoKlineberg award for Intercultural and International Relations from the Society for the Psychological Analysis of Social Issues for his work on nationalism, a Teaching Excellence award in 1998 from George Mason, an award for the outstanding article published in 2001 from the International Association for Conflict Management (IACM), and the 2006 outstanding book award for Doing Research: Methods of Inquiry for Conflict Analysis.

Tamra Pearson d’Estree, PhD in Social Psychology, Harvard University, is Henry R. Luce Professor of Conflict Resolution at the University of Denver, and the Director of their Conflict Resolution Institute’s Center for Research and Practice. She has also held faculty appointments at the Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution (ICAR) at George Mason University, and the Psychology Department at the University of Arizona. Her research interests lie at the intersection of conflict resolution and social psychology, including work on social identity, intergroup relations, and conflict resolution processes, as well as on evaluation research and reflective practice. She is the author, with Bonnie G. Colby, of Braving the Currents: Evaluating Conflict Resolution in the River Basins of the American West (Kluwer), as well as several book chapters and articles in various interdisciplinary journals. She has led trainings and facilitated interactive problem-solving workshops in various intercommunal conflict contexts including Israel-Palestine, Ethiopia, and in US intertribal disputes, and she has directed and/or evaluated projects aimed at conflict resolution capacity- and institution-building in Israel-Palestine, Ukraine, and Georgia. She has consulted for UNESCO and UNDP on conflict resolution activities in regional conflicts. She is currently working with community mediation centers in Colorado to develop a common evaluation framework, and directs two externally funded projects partnering the University of Denver with universities abroad to develop their countries’ mediation capacities: University of West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago (State Dept-funded); and Tbilisi State University, Georgia (USAID/HED-funded).

Richard Jackson is reader in International Politics at Aberystwyth University, UK. He obtained his PhD in Political Science from the University of Canterbury, New Zealand. He is the founding editor of the journal Critical Studies on Terrorism.

PartII

JohnA. Vasquez is the Thomas B. Mackie Scholar in International Relations at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His PhD is from the Maxwell School, Syracuse University. He has published widely on causes of war, territorial disputes, peace research, and international relations theory. His most recent book is The Steps to War: An Empirical Study (with Paul D. Senese), Princeton University Press, 2008.

Philippe Le Billon (MBA Paris, PhD Oxford) is assistant professor at the University of British Columbia with the Department of Geography and the Liu Institute for Global Issues. Before joining UBC, he was a research associate with the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) and the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), having previously worked on humanitarian and resource management issues in Angola, Cambodia, Sierra Leone, and the former Yugoslavia.

Gunnar Sjostedt is senior research fellow at the Swedish Institute of International Affairs and also associate professor of political science at the University of Stockholm. His research work is concerned with processes of international cooperation and consultations in which negotiations represent an important element. He has studied the OECD as a communication system and the external role of the European community, as well as the transformation of the international trade regime incorporated in GATT and its external relations. He is the editor of International Environmental Negotiations and the co-editor of Negotiating International Regimes, the second and fourth books, respectively, in the PIN series.

Donald Rothchild, who sadly passed away in February 2007, was professor of Political Science at the University of California, Davis. His recent books include authoring Managing Ethnic Conflict in Africa: Pressures and Incentives for Cooperation (Brookings, 1997); Sovereignty as Responsibility: Conflict Management in Africa (co-author, Brookings, 1996), and co-editing International Spread of Ethnic Conflict: Fear, Diffusion, and Escalation (Princeton, 1998); Ending civil wars: The Implementation of Peace Agreements (Lynne Rienner, 2002); Sustainable Peace: Power and Democracy after Civil Wars (Cornell, 2005); and Africa-US Relations: Strategic Encounters (Lynne Rienner, 2006).

S. Ayse Kadayifci-Orellana is currently assistant professor in the field of Peace and Conflict Resolution at the School of International Service at American University, Washington, DC. She is also one of the founding members and the associate director of Salam Institute for Peace and Justice, a non-profit organization for research, education, and practice on issues related to conflict resolution, nonviolence, and development with a focus on bridging differences between Muslim and non-Muslim communities. She received her PhD from American University’s School of International Service in Washington, DC in 2002 with a Master’s degree in Conflict Analysis from University of Kent in Canterbury, England. Dr Kadayifci-Orellana has authored Standing on an Isthmus: IslamicNarratives ofWarandPeace in the Palestinian Territories and co-authored the edited volume, Anthology on Islam and Peace and Conflict Resolution in Islam: Precept and Practice. Her research interests include cultural and religious traditions and conflict resolution, Islamic approaches to peace and conflict resolution, interfaith dialogue, among others. She has facilitated dialogues and conflict resolution workshops between Israelis and Palestinians, conducted Islamic conflict resolution training workshops to imams and Muslim youth leaders in the United States, organized and participated in interfaith and intra-Muslim dialogues, and organized and participated in the first American Muslim Delegation to Iran (November 2007)

PartIII

Michael S. Lund is Senior Specialist for Conflict and Peacebuilding, Management Systems International, Inc. and Consulting Program Manager, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. He does research and consulting for governments and international organizations. He is author of Preventing Violent Conflicts: A Strategy for Preventive Diplomacy (USIPPress, 1996) and numerous book chapters, assessments, and evaluations. He has edited and contributed to several books, including Critical Connections: Security and Development, a comparison of seven countries (Lynne Rienner, forthcoming, 2008). His analyses have been commissioned by the US Department of State, CIA, USAID, US Council on Foreign Relations, Carnegie Commission for Preventing Deadly Conflicts, World Bank, United Nations (UNDP, UNDPA), European Commission, OSCE, and many more. Lund worked in the US Congress, federal agencies, and the Urban Institute, and was the founding Director of the Jennings Randolph Fellows Program and a Senior Scholar at the US Institute of Peace. He has a BD from Yale University and a PhD in Political Science from the University of Chicago, and has taught at Cornell, UCLA, the University of Maryland, George Mason University, and Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Affairs.

Franz Cede is a retired Ambassador, a former legal advisor to the Austrian Ministry for Foreign Affairs and former Austrian Ambassador to Russia, Belgium, and NATO. He is affiliated to the German Society of International Law and Austrian Institute for European Security Policy. He holds a doctorate in Law (University of Innsbruck, 1968), and an MA in International Affairs (School of Advanced International Studies SAIS, Washington, DC, 1972). His main research interests are international law, European affairs, and international security policy.

Harold H. Saunders is president of the International Institute for Sustained Dialogue and has conducted sustained non-official dialogues among people in conflict since ending a 25-year career in foreign affairs in the US government in 1981. From 1974 to 1979, he was intensively involved in the Arab-Israeli peace process, flying on the Kissinger shuttles, and, as Assistant Secretary of State, he was a principal drafter of the Camp David accords in 1978 and a mediator of the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty. He holds a BA from Princeton and a PhD in American Studies from Yale. He is author of A Public Peace Process: Sustained Dialogue to Transform Racial and Ethnic Conflicts (1999) and Politics is About Relationship: A Blueprintfor the Citizens'Century (2005).

Andrea Bartoli is Drucie French Cumbie Chair of Conflict Analysis and Resolution. He is currently working at the Institute for ConflictAnalysis and Resolution, George Mason University. Dr Bartoli completed his Italian dottorato di ricerca (PhD. equivalent) at the University of Milan and his laurea (BA-MA equivalent) at the University of Rome. His main research interest is peacemaking and genocide prevention. Dr Bartoli is studying the emergence of peace in Mozambique. In collaboration with the Dynamical System Teams, he is developing new research methodologies to understand more accurately how peace emerges. He has initiated a series of workshops on the Genocide Prevention Program and on Peacemaking, a project that engages government officials from 192 UN member states on genocide prevention. He has been involved in numerous conflict resolution activities as a member of the Community of St Egidio.

Connie Peck is the principal coordinator of the UNITAR Programme in Peacemaking and Preventive Diplomacy, which she founded in 1993, and which provides advanced training to UN staff and diplomats. Her most recent books are On Being a Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General; Sustainable Peace: The Role of the United Nations and Regional Organizations in Preventing Conflict; Increasing the Effectiveness of the International Court of Justice; and The UnitedNations as a Dispute Settlement System: Improving Mechanismsfor the Prevention and Resolution of Conflict.

PartIV

WilliamA. Donohue is currently a Distinguished Professor of Communication at Michigan State University. Hereceivedhis PhD in 1976 from the Ohio StateUniversity in Communication. Bill’s work lies primarily in the areas of mediation, crisis negotiation, and counterterrorism. He has worked extensively with several state and federal agencies in both training and research activities related to violence prevention and hostage negotiation. He has authored over 70 publications dealing with various communication and conflict issues and has won several awards for his scholarship from national and international professional associations. Bill is an active member of the International Association for Conflict Management and is currently its president. He is on the editorial board of several journals in the areas of conflict management and communication and serves on the steering committee of the Processes of International Negotiation program that functions within the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.

Eytan Gilboa (PhD, Harvard University) is professor and Chair of the Communication Program and Director of the Center for International Communication at Bar-Ilan University. He is also a Visiting Professor of Public Diplomacy at the University of Southern California. His research interests include mass communication aspects of conflict and diplomacy.

David L. Rousseau is associate professor in the Department of Political Science at the University at Albany (SUNY: State University at New York). He holds a PhD from the University of Michigan and an MPP from the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Dr Rousseau is the author of Democracy and War: Institutions, Norms, and the Evolution of International Conflict (Stanford University Press, 2005) and Identifying Threats and Threatening Identities: The Social Construction of Realism and Liberalism (StanfordUniversityPress, 2006). His research interests include the democratic peace, identity, constructivism, interdependence, weapons of mass destruction, argumentation, and research methodologies.

David Kinsella (PhD, Yale University, 1993) is professor of Political Science in the Hatfield School of Government at Portland State University and Editor-in-Chief of International Studies Perspectives, a journal of the International StudiesAssociation. Heis co-author of WorldPolitics: The Menufor Choice, co-editor of The Morality of War: A Reader, and has published widely in scholarly journals. His most recent research has focused on illicit arms trade networks and the implications for violent conflict and arms control.

Fen Osler Hampson is professor and director of the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University. A graduate of the University of Toronto and the London School of Economics, he received his PhD in political science from Harvard University. He is the author or co-author of eight books on international affairs and the editor/co-editor of 23 other volumes. His most recent books are Taming Intractable Conflict: Mediation in the Hardest Cases (with Chester Crocker and Pamela Aall) and Grasping the Nettle: Analyzing Cases of Intractable Conflict (co-edited with Crocker and Aall), both published by the United States Institute of Peace Press. His research interests are in the fields of conflict management and international negotiation.

Guy Olivier Faure is professor of Sociology at the Sorbonne University, Paris V, where he teaches ‘International Negotiation', 'ConflictResolution', and 'StrategicThinking and Action.' He is a member of the editorial board of three major international journals dealing with negotiation theory and practice: International Negotiation (Washington), Negotiation Journal (Harvard, Cambridge), and Group Decision and Negotiation (New York). His major research interests are business and diplomatic negotiations, especially with China, focusing on strategies and cultural issues. He has authored, co-authored, and edited a dozen books and over 50 articles. Among his most recent publications are How People Negotiate (Kluwer Academic), Escalation and Negotiation (Cambridge University Press) with I. William Zartman, and La negotiation decloisonnee (Paris, Publibook). Together with the late Jeffrey Z. Rubin, he edited Culture and Negotiation, the third volume in the PIN series. His works have been published in 11 different languages.

Paul F. Diehl is Henning Larsen Professor of Political Science and University Distinguished Teacher/Scholar at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his PhD in Political Science at the University of Michigan in 1983. His areas of expertise include the causes of war, UN peacekeeping, and international law.

Valerie Rosoux has a PhD from the Universite Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Belgium, in International Relations. She graduated in Political Science and Philosophy. She is a research fellow at the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) and teaches International Negotiation at UCL. Her main research interest is memory and Conflict Resolution. Her latest publications concern the Franco-German, Franco-Algerian, and Rwandan cases. She is the author of several books and articles about the transformation of relations between former belligerents, the latest of which are “The Figure of the Rescuer in Rwanda”, International Social Science Journal, no. 189, 2008; “Rwanda : l'impossible ‘memoire nationale'?”; Ethnologie franςaise, XXXVII, no. 3, 2007, 409-415; “Human rights and the ‘work of memory' in international relations”, International Journal of Human Rights, vol. 3, no. 2, June 2004, 159-170; and “Memory and International Negotiation: the Franco-German Case”, in I.W. Zartman and V. Kremenyuk (ed.), Peace versus Justice. Negotiating Forward-and Backward-Looking Outcomes (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005, 155-177).

Scott Sigmund Gartner is a professor of Political Science at the University of California, Davis, where he teaches courses on US National Security and International Relations. He received his PhD from the University of Michigan. His two main research topics are the effects of dispute management on peace and conflict (e.g. Gartner and Bercovitch, International Studies Quarterly, 2006) and the interactive relationship between war and domestic politics (e.g. Gartner, American Political Science Review, 2008). Heis author of Strategic Assessment in War (Yale University Press, 1999), and co-editor of The Historical Statistics of the United States (Cambridge University Press, 2006) and the forthcoming International Conflict Mediation: New Approaches and Findings (Routledge).

CeciliaAlbin (PhD, SAIS, Johns Hopkins, 1993) is professor of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University, Sweden. Her main research interests include international negotiation, issues of justice and ethics, and international cooperation over global issues. Among her publications are Justice and Fairness in International Negotiation (Cambridge, 2001) and Negotiating International Cooperation: Global Public Goods and Fairness (Cambridge, 2003).

Kristian Skrede Gleditsch (PhD in Political Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1999) is professor in the Department of Government, University of Essex (2005 to date) and Research Associate at the Centre for the Study of Civil War, PRIO (2003 to date). His research interests include conflict and cooperation, democratization, and spatial dimensions of social and political processes. He is the author of All International Politics is Local: The Diffusion of Conflict, Integration, and Democratization (University of Michigan Press, 2002). His articles have appeared in American Journal of Political Science, American Political Science Review, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, International Interactions, International Organization, Internasjonal Politikk, International Studies Quarterly, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Journal of Peace Research, Political Analysis, and Political Psychology.

Eileen F. Babbitt is professor of International Conflict Management Practice and Director of the International Negotiation and Conflict Resolution Program at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. She is also a Faculty Associate of the Program on Negotiation at the Harvard Law School where she co-directs the Project on International Institutions and Conflict Management. Her research interests include identity-based conflicts; co-existence and trust-building in the aftermath of civil war; and the interface between human rights concerns and peace-building. Dr Babbitt holds a Master's Degree in Public Policy from the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, and a PhD from MIT.

Paul Meerts graduated in Political Science at the University of Leyden in The Netherlands. His position is with the Netherlands Institute of International Relations “Clingendael”. As a member (since 1999) of the PIN Steering Committee, he participates in PIN research on a structural basis with a special focus on issues like the evolution of interstate negotiation, the connection between negotiation and warfare, as well as negotiation processes in the European Union and other multilateral regimes. As trainer (Clingendael) and professor (College of Europe) in Diplomatic Negotiation, he works with diplomats/civil servants and (post-)graduate students around the globe.

CO-AUTHORS

KarinAggestam is an associate professor in political science and director of Peace and Conflict Studies at Lund University, Sweden. She has published widely in international journals and edited volumes in the fields of negotiation, diplomacy, conflict theory, and the Middle East peace process. She is presently coordinating a large EU project on just and durable peace in the Middle East and Western Balkans within the Seventh Framework Programme.

Molly M. Melin received her PhD in Political Science from the University of California at Davis in 2008. Her research and teaching interests are in the areas of international relations and political methodology, with emphasis on international conflict and conflict management. She is also interested in international organizations and foreign policy decision-making. Her current research focuses on third-party interventions in ongoing international conflicts and the dynamics of conflict expansion.

Brandon Valeriano is an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He completed his PhD at Vanderbilt University in 2003 in the field of International Relations. He has previously taught at Vanderbilt and Texas State University. Dr Valeriano's main research interests are in the causes of war and peace. His book in progress is an exploration of the onset of all interstate rivalries from 1816 to 1992. Other ongoing research looks at classification systems of war, complex rivalries, immigration, and Latino foreign policy issues.

ChesterA. Crocker is the James R. Schlesinger Professor of Strategic Studies at Georgetown University where his teaching and research focus on conflict management and regional security issues. He served as chairman of the board of the United States Institute of Peace (1992-2004), and continues as a member of its board. From 1981 to 1989, he was US Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs. As such, he was the principal diplomatic architect and mediator in the prolonged negotiations among Angola, Cuba, and South Africa that led to Namibia's transition to independence, and to the withdrawal of Cuban forces from Angola. He serves on the boards of ASA Ltd., a NYSE-listed, closed-end fund focused on gold mining; Universal Corporation, Inc., a leading independent trading company in tobacco, agricultural and lumber products; Good Governance Group Ltd; and First Africa Holdings Ltd. He serves on the advisory board of the National Defense University in Washington.