The term “asymmetric conflict” covers a wide range of unconventional tactics used against conventional forces, civilians, and governments.

In one sense, it is a form of competitive strategy (Chapter 9). Although often viewed as the strategy of the weak against the strong, in some forms it is just the opposite. This chapter covers economic, “humanitarian,” and guerrilla warfare, terrorism, piracy, cyber warfare, and the relatively new tactic known as “lawfare.”