Answers to Figure Legend Questions
FIGURE 9.4 In clones that form by budding or apomixis, identification of groups of genetically identical individuals may require the use of genetic analyses. In clones that form by horizontal spread, groups of individuals that are still connected to one another could be marked; however, to tell whether members of two such groups were in fact genetically identical would again require genetic analyses.
FIGURE 9.7 There were 7 habitat patches in 1759 and about 86 patches in 1978. Thus, in 1759, the average patch size was 400 km2∕7 = 57.1 km2. Patch sizes were much smaller in 1978: the average at that time was 60 km2∕86 = 0.7 km2.
FIGURE 9.12 Because it may compete poorly with other barnacle species in relatively warm waters, S. balanoides is currently excluded from the region shaded purple on the map. Thus, by warming northern waters, global warming will probably decrease the geographic range of S. balanoides.
FIGURE 9.16 The chance of colonization is between 50% and 90%.
FIGURE 9.17 Urchin biomass declined at Sites 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9; kelp density increased at Sites 1 and 5.