CONTENTS

List of Illustrations............................................................................ vii

Abbreviations..........................................................................

I. The Pagan Goddess as a Concern for Christian

Theology................................................................................................... 1

II. Goddesses in the Greco-Roman World................................ 20

A. Caelestis................................................................. 21

VI

CONTENTS

VI. From Devotion to Doctrine.................................................... 196

A. Mary as Virgin Mother............................................ 196

B. Mary as Earth-Goddess........................................... 206

C. The Queen is Crowned........................................... 216

VII. Mary and the History of Salvation......................................... 229

A. Eve, Mary and the Church...................................... 229

B. Mary, the Mother of God........................................ 245

Epilogue: Mariology: Past and Future, A Summary........................... 263

Bibliography................................................................................... 266

General Index................................................................................. 285

Illustrations

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

1. Konigin der Nacht. (The Queen of the Night, surrounded by

the starry sky as a robe. Stage design for Mozart’s Zauberflote, Berlin, 1823. Deutsches Theatermuseum, München.)

2. Mary “clothed with the sun with the moon under her feet.”

Albert Glockendon (Nürnberg, 1545) Gebetbuch des Herzogs Wilhelm IV v. Bayern (Reprinted by permission of the Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Wien.)

3. Black Madonna of Czestochowa. (Reprinted by permission of

the Kunst-verlag Maria Laach.)

4. Dressed statue of the Virgin with crown. Lindenholz, ca. 1150.

Benediktiner Priorat, Mariazell. (Reprinted by permission of Foto Kuss, Mariazell.)

5. Cake-mould from the palace of Mari (Mesopotamia) for mak­

ing cakes in the form of Ishtar. (Reprinted by permission of the Reunion des musees nationaux Paris.)

6. Stamp of a physician with the imprint ΥΓΕΙΑ. (Reprinted by

permission of the Historisches Museum, Basel.)

7. Modern roman catholic eucharistic host with the chi-rho

motiv.

8. Hungarian roman catholic church Csiksomlyo, Transsyl-

vania; Madonna crowned with twelve stars — on her right S. Peter, left S. Paul, at her feet S. Francis and S. Dominic.

ABBREVIATIONS

Theol. Realenc.Theologische Realencyclopaedie.