The History of Judaism
The earliest reference we have to the Jews—known variously as “Hebrews,” “Israelites,” and “Judeans” (depending on the era and the context)—dates from the late thirteenth century âñå.
On a commemorative stone, inscribed at the request of the reigning Egyptian ruler, Pharaoh Memeptah (c. 1210 âñå), the following inscription appears: “Israel is laid Waste, its seed is no more.” No other reference to “Israel” or the “Israelites” appears in Egypt or anywhere else for centuries. Most of what we know about ancient Israel, as well as the beliefs and religious practices of the ancient Israelites, is derived from Jewish Scriptures, referred to in Hebrew as Tcma&ft. In English, we refer to these books as the Hebrew Bible, though Christians commonly refer to these books as the “Old Testament.”
Ancient Israel.
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