Index
Note: References to figures appear in bold.
Abdul Baki 244, 246, 249-51
Abdullah, Hurrem’s son 3, 275
Acmat 197-8, 209-13, 214-6, 220-21, 223-5, 228-30, 233-4, 236, 257-60, 261-3; see also Achmat; Achmet; Ahmed Pasha
Achmat (Bassa) 263; see also Acmat;
Achmet; Ahmed Pasha
Achmet 77, 267; see also Acmat; Achmat; Ahmed Pasha
Adrasto 198, 215-6, 258, 260
Adrianopol 11
Aglay-Khan 245, 246, 249-51
Agramios 169
Ahmad I al-Mansur, King of Morocco (a.k.a.
Mulay al-Mansur) 62Ahmed (Ahmet) I, Ottoman Sultan 67, 163n77
Ahmed Pasha (Bassa) 104, 263, 265, 267-70; see also Acmat; Achmat; Achmet
Aidina 198-9, 200-3, 260
Ak-Kerman (Bilhorod-Dniprovsky) 111 Aksaray district11, 276
Albania(n) 168, 178
Alcoran 184-5; see also Koran
Aleppo 12, 12n59, 197, 257, 276
Alexander the Great 271
Alexander, John 92n13, 94, 94n18, 95, 95n19,95n21
Ali Pasha (“Hali Bassa”), Admiral of the Ottoman fleet 175, 192-6, 255-6, 263, 265
Alicola 198-9, 201-3, 260
Allert, Beate v-vi, ix, 17, 20, 39n58, 89, 108n57, 239, 263n4, 265n5, 267n6
Alphonso 35-6
Aluante 198, 213, 257-60
Amasia 12, 14, 25n14, 85, 276
Amsterdam 90
Anatolia 11, 14n67, 177, 179, 275
Ankara 11
Antonovych, Volodymyr 109-10, 112-3, 115, 116n21, 117, 122; see also Drahomanov Antonovich, Vladimir 45n87, 46n88-9, 48n103, 109n1, 117n23, 119n31-2, 121n34, 122n36; see also Dragomanov Arabia 177, 180
Armenia 180
Asena, Orhan
Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Dortlemesi [Suleiman the Lawgiver Tetralogy] 18, 142, 142n6, 143, 143n10, 144-6, 149-50, 152, 155-6 Ashbee, Henry Spencer 138, 138n58 Asia 72n5, 92, 92n14, 98, 132, 170, 179-80, 187
and Roxolana 92n14, 95
Asian 36, 36n40, 39, 44 despotism 38, 109 exoticism 34
Asteria 84-6
Austria 116, 123, 194
Austrian 109, 113 campaign 275-6 Empire 113, 116, 118, 123
Avret Pazari 2, 11
Ayasofya (Hagia Sophia) 11
Babylon 78, 168
Bajazet, Roxolana’s son 23, 240, 271; see also Bayazid; Bayezid
Bajazet, Roxolana’s father in M.
de Scudery’s novel, Ibrahim 91 ballad(s)English 78, 79n36, 87n57
Ukrainian 110; see also Dumas;
Ukrainian folklore
Ballaster, Ros 72n5, 72n8-9, 74, 74n16, 75, 75n20, 82, 82n46
Baranowski, Bohdan 111n5
Barbarossa 170, 192
Barbary 37n46, 45, 60, 62, 62n10-11, 75, 75n19
Baroque 5, 17, 105, 107 German 17, 20, 89, 91n9, 94, 105, 107 Ukrainian 128n20
Barthes, Roland 20, 125, 125n2
Basel 276
Bassano, Luigi 3, 8, 8n30-1, 66, 276
Batu Khan 129
Baudier, Michel 10n40, 23n5, 26, 35, 219n5
Bavia, Luis de 168
Bayazid (Bayezid, Bajazet) I, Ottoman Sultan 6, 169, 219-20, 224n9, 233n14
Bayazid (Bayezid, Bajazet) II, Ottoman Sultan, Suleiman’s grandfather 14
Bayazid (Bayezid, Bajazet), Hurrem’s son 3, 18n79, 23, 76n24, 142, 144-5, 170, 271, 275-6 birth of 3, 275
death of 144, 144n12, 145, 156, 275, 276 feud with Selim 14-5, 141, 144, 144n12, 276
Baykal, Adnan
Hürrem Sultan ile Soylef [Interview with Hürrem Sultan] 18, 141n3-4, 142-3, 143n10, 145-9, 151-4, 156, 164 Beethoven 41
Behar, Pierre 90-1n9, 92n13, 96, 96n26-7, 97, 97n30, 98, 105n54, 106n55, 265n5
Belgrade 275
Belin, Francois
Mustapha et Zeangir 26
Bellarino, Giovanni Battista, Venetian Grand Chancellor 74n18
Benedict XI, Pope 167
Bennet, Henry, the Earl of Arlington 77 Berezhany 243
Bess Bridges 17, 57, 57n2, 58-64, 64n13, 65-70
Bethlis 170
Bianchi, Francesco 74n18
Bickerstaff, Isaac
The Sultan, or A Peep into the Seraglio 40, 42n70
Bishop’s Wars in England 37, 37n46 Bodin, Jean 27
Bodnar, Andrii 126, 126n5 Boissard, Jean-Jacques vii, 26, 28, 28n21,
29, 30
Boleyn, Anne 127
Bonarelli, Prospero della Rovere 32, 34,
198, 219
Il Solimano v, vii, 18, 19, 26, 32, 32n29, 33, 39n58, 197, 197n1, 220n6, 257, 257n2
Bosporana 273, 273n6; see also Gulbahar,
Gulbehar; Gulfrem; Mahidevran Bosporus 34
Bos, Lambert van der 99 Bounin, Gabrielle 29
La Soltane 26, 28, 28n 26, 42, 51, 67 Boyle, Roger, Earl of Orrery
The Tragedy of Mustapha 17, 18, 26, 31 Bragadino, Pietro 3, 3n8, 3n10, 4n11, 112, 112n8, 275
Brawe, Joachim Wilhelm von 103 Bridge, Anthony 44, 44n81 133n 40 Broniowski, Marcin 272
Brother Marcos de Guadalajara 168 Buda(pest) 77, 81-3, 276
Bullough, Geoffrey 67n22, 71, 71n2 Burton, Jonathan 71, 71n4
Busbecq, Ogier Ghiselin de, Ambassador
to the Sublime Porte 3, 6, 276 arrival at the Sublime Porte 276 return to Europe 276 Augerii Gislenii Turcicae legationes epistolae quatuor 3n9, 25n14 Itinera Constantinopolitanvm &
Amasianvm ab Augerio Gislenio
Busbequij 25n14
The Life and Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq; see The Turkish Letters
The Turkish Letters 6n19-21; 8, 8n32; 12, 12n55-8,n 60; 13n 61, 15n 72, 25, 26, 26n15, 66, 72, 73, 73n11, 74n15, 76, 76n26-7; 87, 89n4, 98, 98n35, 103n51, 106n55, 113, 114, 239, 272, 272n2, 273, 273n7, 276 Butler, Judith 143, 143n8, 153n43 Byron, Lord 42
Caffa (Kefe, Kaffa) ix, 2, 111n5, 112, 112n6, 127n14, 275; see also Feodosia
Callot, Jacques vii, 32n 29; 33; 97n 30;
197, 197n 2-4 captive 40, 50, 54, 60, 84, 121-2, 132, 175,
179, 189 captives 2-4, 10, 24, 37n46, 42n70, 46,
50, 81, 91, 110, 111n5, 116n19, 118n29, 120, 132, 134, 149, 183, 185-6, 193, 244-9, 251, 256 captivity 17, 48, 51-2, 54, 116, 118, 118n28-9; see also slavery captivity narratives 111, 131 Cary, Henry, Viscount Falkland 79, 79n39 Castile 79, 182 castration 61, 131 Catholic v, 19, 82-3, 95, 114, 167, 167n1 religion 119 Catholicism 66, 113 Cavos, Catterino 41 Celazade 145 Qelebi xv, 16 Chameria (Chamerie) 220, 262, 272 Chamfort, Sebastian-Roch-Nicolas
Mustapha et Zeangir 26 Charles I Stuart, King of England 64n13,
65, 66n15, 68, 80 Charles II Stuart, King of England v, 17,
37, 39, 71-2, 75-6, 78-9, 79n40,
80, 82-3, 83n50, 87 and his mistresses
Barbara Palmer (nee Villiers), Countess of Castlemaine 75, 79, 83, 87
Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of Portsmouth 78, 83-4, 88
Frances Stuart 77-8, 87
Hortense Mancini, Duchess of
Mazarin 83, 88
Nell Gwynn 79, 87 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 174, 175n10, 180, 184, 186, 256 Charnetsky, S.
49, 243 Chemerovtsy 47 Chios 177Christendom 16n77, 84, 170, 195 Christian 36, 64, 84, 87, 106-7, 169-70,
173, 185, 188-9, 193-4, 256, 263
alliance (league) 194, 256; see also Holy League, the
faith 64
Christian, Karen 162, 162n69
Christianity 64, 70, 90n7, 107 Christian(s) 10, 64, 108, 119, 169-71, 177-8, 181, 186
Cihangir, Hurrem’s son xv, 3, 12, 12n59, 26, 99, 100n42, 102-4, 106-7, 144-5, 240, 265, 267-72; see also Gianger; Giangir; Jihangir; Zanger; Zeangir
Circassa (Circasse) 219-20, 220n7, 229, 229n12, 230, 233, 235, 235n15, 236, 261-3; see also Bosporana; Gulbahar, Gulbehar; Gulfrem; Mahidevran
Clement V, Pope 167
Cleopatra 1, 45, 45n84, 91 colonial 128, 128n19, 138, 138n62
and neocolonial 125
and postcolonial xi, 18, 125, 138-9 colonialism x, 134n44; see also Ukraine and decolonization 18, 125; see also Ukraine
and postcolonialism xi, 134n44 Colvin, Sarah 92n14, 95n24, 97n30, 98 Comedie Frangaise vii, 41, 42 Comedie-Italienne 40
Constance, Christian captive 185, 188-9, 193, 256
Constantinople 6n19, 38, 49, 89n4, 91, 112, 114, 132, 169-70, 173, 173n3, 188-9, 194, 244-5; 255-6 conversion (to Islam) 20, 40, 51, 70, 120-1, 122n36; see also Islam Cospi, Antonio
Il Mustafa 44
Cossack; see also Ukrainian Cossacks;
Ukrainian folklore
captives 121
leader (otaman) 120 movement 48, 52 sich 117
Cossacks 17, 48, 51, 111, 113, 118-22, 247; see also Ukrainian Cossacks
Coventry, William 78
Crimea ix, 45, 46, 52n120, 111, 127n14, 273, 275-6
Crimean
Khan(s) 44, 46, 115n16, 116, 122
Khanate 110-1, 116, 272 peninsular 2, 110, 112n6; see also
Crimea
Tartars 2, 45, 52, 115, 119, 133; see also Tatars
slave raids on Ukraine; see Ukraine, slave raids on; see also Tatars; slavery;
Cronegk, Johann Friedrich von 103 Crowne, John 87, 87n54
Crupi, Charles 57n2, 64, 64n13
Cupid 194
Cyprus 188-9, 192, 194, 255-6
Dalibray, Charles Vion
Le Soliman 34, 34n32, 220n 7 Danube 95n23, 112n6, 177, 275 Danylo 245, 248, 250 Davenant (D’Avenant), William 35
The Siege of Rhodes 35, 35n38, 36,
36n40-1, 71, 126n10
de Bry, Theodore vii, 28n21,29, 30, 31 Defoe, Daniel
Roxana the Fortunate Mistress 38,
38n54, 39
Delia 40
Deleuze, Gilles 148, 148n29 de Medicis, Catherine 27, 127
Despina 198, 204, 206, 208, 213, 257-60 Desmares, Jean 219-20, 229n12, 235n15
Roxelane vi, 18, 19, 34, 34n33, 219,
219n1,261,261n3 dev^irme (child levy) 4 Digby, George, Earl of Bristol 77 divan 80, 82
Doria, Andrea, Genoese Admiral 175n10,
194, 256, 265
Doria, Andrea Giovanni 175n10, 256 Downey, Fairfax 44, 44n77 Drahomanov, Mykhailo 45n87, 46n88,
48n103, 109, 109n1, 110, 112-3,
115, 116n21, 117, 117n23, 118,
119n31-2, 121n34, 122; 122n36; see also Antonovych drama (1)
early modern 26
English 58, 67
Carolean 71-2, 74
Restoration 17, 37n45, 72n6-7, 75, 80n41
French 34, 40, 219n2
classical 32
German v, 17, 20, 92n13
Baroque v, 17, 20, 89, 91n9, 94, 107 ‘Bürgerliches Trauerspiel’ [‘bourgeois drama’] 103
Enlightenment v, 17, 20, 39n58, 89, 94
“Misch-Spiel” [‘tragi-comedy’] 96n25, 105
heroic 35-7, 76, 85, 103 and anti-heroic 106
Italian
Neoclassical 32, 34, 198 eighteenth-century 39n58 musical 40-2, 42n68-70 Senecan 28, 30, 197 Spanish 173
Ukrainian 49
drama (2) comedy 40, 42, 42n68 melodrama 134 tragedy vii, 17, 19, 26, 28, 28n25, 30, 31n27, 32, 33, 35n34, 36, 36n42-3, 37, 39n58, 67, 75n21, 84n52, 86, 99, 197, 220n7, 239
tragicomedy 19, 34-5, 96n26, 105, 220, 220n7
Dresden 39n58, 98 dumas; see Ukrainian folklore; see also
Ukrainian Cossacks
Dziedzic, Andrzej vi, ix, 19, 34n33, 219, 219n1, 224n9, 261n3
Edirne 11
effeminization 61-2, 72, 87, 128, 135 Egypt 78, 177
Elizabeth I Tudor, Queen of England 27, 31-2, 57-60, 62, 69, 127
Ellis, Havelock 138
Elmira 40
England x, 1, 16, 25, 26n16, 27, 27n19, 32, 36, 37,n46, 39-40, 61-2, 68, 71, 72n5, 78n35, 83n50, 87, 131n33
Enlightenment, the v, 17, 20, 39n58, 40, 71-2, 89, 94, 102-3, 105, 107-8
Epirus 9
Erastus (Eraste) 34-5, 35n35; see also
Kyd; Perseda; Yver eroticism 18, 42, 44, 58, 61, 67, 69, 87-8,
92, 125, 126n6-7, 129-32, 134-8; see also Vynnychuk Eskiserai (Old Palace) 7 Esterhaza Palace 41 eunuchs 4, 12, 45, 61,77, 130-2, 135, 141, 143 Evelyn, John 78, 78n31 exoticism 17, 20, 24, 34, 39-40, 43-4,
44n80, 45, 45n84, 72, 74, 88, 92, 105, 132, 137
Falconer, Colin 44, 44n82, 45n84 Famagusta 256
Fatima, concubine of Selim II in de Vega’s La Santa Liga 175, 176n11, 189-96, 255
Fatimah, Mustapha’s wife in Weisse’s tragedy
Mustapha und Zeangir 104, 268-9 Favart, Charles-Simon
Soliman II, ou Les trois Sultanes 40,
40n62, 42, 42n68-9
Favart, Madame de; see Madame de Favart Fedora 244-5, 249
feminism 37n45-6, 60n7, 130, 130n26-7,
132, 143n8
Feodosia 2, 112n6, 127n14; see also Caffa Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor 3, 81,
263, 272, 276 Fernando V, King of Castile 184 Finkel, Caroline 11n50, 81n42 Foucault, Michel 143n8, 148, 148n29 France vii, ix, 1, 16, 27, 34, 39, 41,43n74,
60, 66, 74n18, 138, 181 Francis I, King of France 175n10 Francisci, Erasmus 99n36 Franko, Ivan 243 Fraser, Antonia 79n40 fratricide; see Ottoman laws, traditions, and customs
Garganigo, Alex 37, 37n47 “Die Geliebte des Sultans” 108n59 gender x-xi, 11n48-9, 17, 32, 32n28, 40, 49n104, 57n2, 58n5, 59, 61, 65, 68, 72n6, 73, 76, 90, 92n14, 109, 120, 128, 132n36, 134, 136, 143n8
Georgievic, Bartholomaeus 25n13, 26
Germany 1, 16, 39, 39n58, 95n23
Gianger, Roxolana’s son 25, 272; see also Cihangir; Giangir; Jihangir; Zanger; Zeangir
Giangir, Roxolana’s son vi, 26, 239n2, 240, 265, 272; see also Cihangir; Gianger; Jihangir; Zanger; Zeangir
Giangir (in work titles) 17-8, 20, 26, 39n58, 90, 99, 99n38, 100, 100n40, 102-3, 239, 239n1, 241
Gill, Pat 72, 72n6
Gillespie, Gerald 95, 95n22
Giovio (Jovio), Paolo 10, 19, 23, 23n3-4, 26, 26n17, 35
Goffman, Daniel 89n2, 90n5
Gollner, Carl 3n9, 25n13, 26n16 Goslawski, Maurycej 47, 47n95, 47n97 Goughe, Hugh 25n13, 26, 73, 73n12, 74, 76n27, 87
Gramont, Comte de 77, 77n29-30
Grand Turk, the 44, 44n77, 175; see also Turk
Greville, Fulke 30, 31, 32, 71
The Tragedy of Mustapha 26, 28, 30, 31n27, 67, 67n22, 71, 71n 3, 126n10, 220n7
Grimani, Antonio, Venetian Ambassador at Rome 74n18
Gryphius, Andreas 91n9, 94, 105, 105n54 Guadalupe Monastery 167n2
Gulbahar (Gulbehar) 32, 275; see also Bosporana; Gulfrem; Mahidevran
Gulfrem; see Mahidevran
Gustav III, King of Sweden 41
Gustavian Opera and Ballet 41, 41n66-7; see also opera
Hafsa Sultan, wife of Selim I, Suleiman’s mother, valide sultan 5-6, 10, 135-6, 143-4, 145n14, 146-7,
150- 52, 155, 162, 275
Halenko, Oleksander v, ix, xiii, 17, 52n119-20, 109, 114n14, 115n15, 119n31-2, 121n34, 127n11, 127n13, 138n60, 272
hamam 11
Hammer-Purgstall, Joseph von 43n74, 47n96, 109, 112n7-8, 115n16, 116, 116n21, 122, 145, 271
Handan Sultan 151n37, 163, 163n73, 163n76-7
harem 1, 1n1, 3n6, 4-6, 8-10, 15, 18, 38, 38n53, 42, 44, 44n82, 48, 50, 77, 91, 126, 127, 130, 130n27, 131, 134, 138n62, 141, 164, 220, 245, 248, 273, 273n6, 275; see also seraglio; serail
imperial 2, 4, 7, 47, 95, 126-7, 131, 142-3, 148
literary representations of 128-29, 130-2, 134-6, 138, 143, 144, 146-9, 150-5, 162-3, 245, 248 operas inspired by; see Mozart; serail system 2-4, 4n12, 7-8, 45, 150, 153-5, 162, 164 atmosphere in 151, 163 intrigues in 1, 15, 149-50
West's fantasy of 38, 38n53, 42-4, 75, 131; see also seraglio women 4, 7, 24, 141-3, 146-7,
151- 2, 155 concubines 4, 7-8, 15, 40, 66, 127n14, 130, 135, 141, 143-4, 147, 150-5, 162-3, 219, 256 haseki, hasseki 2, 6, 11, 11n49-51, 15,
136, 141n4, 142-3, 143n10, 144, 147, 150-1, 153, 155, 163n73, 163n75-7
Hasse, Johann
Solimano, opera 27, 39n58
Hatice Sultan, Suleiman's sister, Ibrahim's wife 9, 150, 162, 275
Haugwitz, August Adolph von 97-8, 98n32, 105n54
Obsiegende Tugend 17, 89, 90, 90n5, 90-91n9, 96, 96n26, 97-8, 103, 105-6, 106n55, 107, 266, 265n5 Haydn, Joseph 41
Hayden, Judy v, x, 17, 71 Hebbel, Friedrich 95n23 Heine, Heinrich 243
Henrietta-Maria 59, 59n6, 62, 64n13, 65, 68 Henry VIII Tudor, King of England 27 heroic drama (plays); see drama Heywood, Thomas
The Fair Maid of the West v, 17, 57-8, 58n3-5, 62, 63n12, 64n13, 67, 70 Hiberia 168
Hippodrome 9, 11
Holy League, the v, 173-4, 194-6, 256, 276; see also Christian alliance Howard, Jean F 58, 58n5, 61 Huber, Franz X.
Soliman der Zweyte 41, 41n64; see also Sussmeyer
Hungary 9-10, 15, 81, 81n45, 82, 169-70, 177, 181, 253, 275
Hurrem (Hürrem) Sultan viii, 1-3, 3n7, 4-7, 7n28, 8-15, 16, 18, 18n79, 23n1, 24, 26n15, 43-44, 44n82, 45, 46n90, 66, 89, 90n4, 136, 141, 141n4, 142-3, 144, 144n11-2, 145-51, 151n37, 152-7, 162-3, 163n73, 164, 271,275-6 attitudes to in Turkey 3, 8, 16, 66 burial of 15, 276 children of 2-3, 3n7 death of 15, 145, 276 endowments of 11, 276 influence on Ottoman affairs 6-7, 46n90, 89-90n4
legal marriage to Suleiman 6, 275 letters to and from Suleiman 5 name of 2, 141n4, 271 origin of 2n3, 3, 3n10 position in the harem 3-8, 10, 15, 50, 112, 126, 136, 143-64 relationship with Suleiman 4-6, 155-6 rivalry with Ibrahim 9-10 rivalry with Mahidevran (Gulbahar) 7, 136, 153-4
schemes against Mustafa 12, 145, 149 use of witchcraft and love filters 8, 66 Hurrem (in work titles) 142, 142n5, 142n7, 144-6, 149, 157-61, 164 Husalevych, Ivan 49 Hutcheon, Linda 138, 136n61 Hyde, Edward, First Earl of Clarendon 76 Hyrcanian Sea 177 Hyrcanians 169
lanthe 35, 36n40 Ibrahim I, Ottoman Sultan 91, 163n77 Ibrahim Pasha (Pa§a, Bassa), Grand Vizier 2, 5, 8, 9n35, 10, 17-8, 18n79, 23, 34-5, 36, 83-7, 90-1, 91n9, 92-8, 105-6, 112, 115, 144, 149-50, 150n32-33,
151, 154-5, 169-71, 244, 246, 248, 252, 263-5, 265-7, 271,275 career of 9, 275 death of 8-9, 17, 275 friendship with Suleiman 9 literary representations of 34-5, 35n34-
7, 36-7, 83-4, 84n52, 85, 90-2, 94,
96- 8, 105-6, 144, 149-50, 154-5, 244, 246, 248, 252, 263-5, 265-7 marriage to Hatice Sultan, Suleiman’s sister 9, 275
fall from grace 9, 170-1 rivalry with Hurrem 9-10 wealth of 9-10
Ibrahim (in work titles) 17, 35, 35n36-7, 36n43, 37, 37n44, 71-2, 75, 75n22, 83-4, 84n52-3, 87, 90, 90n8-9, 91, 91n12, 92, 95-6, 96n26, 98, 98n31, 99, 219, 219n5, 263, 263n4
Illescas, Gonzalo de
Segunda parte de la Historia pontifical y catholica v, 18-9, 23n5, 167, 167n1, 167n3-5, 168, 168n6-7, 169-70 imarets 9, 11
Imber, Colin 4n12, 74n17, 89n2, 127n16 Inalcik, Halil ix, 4n12-3, 5n16-7, 7n25, 7n27, 10n42-4, 14, 39n57, 44n80, 99n37, 11n5, 112n6, 135n51
Inquisition 168
Indices Librorum Prohibitorum 168 intertextuality xi, 125, 125n3, 138 Isabel, Empress of Portugal 174 Isabella, Queen of Hungary 81-3 Isabella, Princess/Isabelle Grimaldi,
Countess of Monaco, Ibrahim’s beloved 35-6, 84-6, 91, 92-3, 96, 96n26, 97, 105-6, 263-7
Iskender Qelebi 150, 150n33
Islam 16n77, 36, 51, 64, 90n7, 107, 119 conversion to 20, 40, 51, 70, 119-21, 122n36; see also conversion
Islamic
culture 110
law 28, 261
Ismail the Sophy, King of Persia 168 Istanbul viii, ix, xiv, 2-3, 5-8, 11-2, 18n79, 40, 46, 51, 52n119, 88, 111, 117, 117n24, 141n4, 142, 158-61, 271, 276
Italy 1, 16, 32, 39, 45, 179-80, 194, 196 Ivan IV, the Terrible, Russian Tsar 114 Ivano-Frankivsk vii, xiii, xvi, 54, 243
janissaries 4, 8, 13, 74, 87, 137, 170, 182, 245, 252
Jerusalem 11, 11n50, 184, 276 Jewish/Jews x, 73, 108
Jihangir, Hurrem’s son xv, 7, 12, 18, 25,
26, 75-6, 76n27, 271-2, 275-6; see also Cihangir, Gianger, Giangir, Zanger, Zeangir
John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art
24, 24n8, 174, 174n5
Jowitt, Claire v, x, 17, 57, 57n2
Juan of Austria, Don 175n9, 194-6, 256
Kaffa; see Caffa; Feodosia
Kabbani, Rana 131, 131n29
Kanuni 13, 141, 141n1, 142-4, 154-6,
162, 164, 271; see also Suleiman; Suleyman
Kapi Aga 45
Karapinar 11
Kazaks 169
Kaite, Berkerley 134, 134n43
Kefe; see Caffa; Feodosia
Kili 112, 112n6
Kirghizians 169
Kizilbash 169
Klionowicz, Sebastian F.
272, 272n3; see also RoxolaniaKnights of St. John 275; see also Malta;
Rhodes
Knolles, Richard vii, 1, 26, 28, 28n22-4,
30, 31, 57, 57n1, 66, 66n19, 67, 68n23, 73, 73n12, 74-5, 76n27, 81 Knox, John 27, 27n20
Kolomyia 49, 243-4, 244n8
Konya 14
Koran 169, 220, 232, 263; see also
Alcoran
Kosem Sultan 151n37, 163, 163n77-8
Kostyrko, Volodymyr vii, 54
Kraus, Joseph Martin
Soliman den andra 41
Krishnaswamy, Revathi 128
Kristeva, Julia 132, 132n37
Kulish, Panteleimon 49n106, 120, 120n33,
122, 122n38
kullar 4-5, 7; see also harem; Hurrem Kurds 169
Krymsky, Ahatanhel 51n114, 116n21, 123, 137; see also orientalist; Orientalism
Kyd, Thomas 35n34-5; see also Erastus; Perseda; Yver
Kyiv xiii, xvi, 49, 129, 137, 244
Kyivan (Kievan) Rus 45, 113; see also Rus
Lady Macbeth45
Lancaster, Henry 219n2, 220 Laszki, Hieronimus 112
Lavrivsky, Ivan 49
Lazorsky, Mykola 51, 51n112-3 Lepanto
Battle of 15, 19, 173-4, 175n10, 256, 276 Gulf of 195, 256
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim ix, 17-8, 20, 89n4, 90n5, 103, 108, 108n57-8, 239
Giangir oder der verschmähte Thron vi, 26, 39n58, 90, 99, 99n36, 99n38, 100, 100n42, 100n44, 101-3, 105-7, 239, 239n1-2, 239n5 Leunclavius, Johannes 26 Lehman, Arnold 99n36
Lisovska, Nastia 49, 116, 126-7; see also
Nastusia; Roksolana; Roksoliana Lisovski, Havrylo, Roxolana’s father,
Orthodox priest 275; see also Roksolana; Roxolana and Leksandra Lisovska, Roxolana’s mother 275
Lithuania(n) 45-6, 110, 114, 276
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 110-1, 111n5, 113-5, 116n19-20,117 Lituanus, Mikhalon (Litvin, Mikhail) 46, 114, 122, 276
Lohenstein, Daniel Casper von 89n3, 90n9, 91, 91n9-10, 91n12, 92, 92n13, 94,
97- 8, 98n32, 105
Ibraham Bassa 17, 89n4, 90, 90n5, 90n9, 91-2, 95-6, 96n26, 98, 98n31, 99, 105, 263, 263n4
Louis XIV, King of France 83 Lonicer, Philipp 26
The Lustful Turk, or Lascivious Scenes in a
Harem 42, 131
Lukashevych, Platon 118, 118n26
Lutsyk, I.
49, 243Luttrell, Narcissus 78, 78n34 Lviv vii, xiii, xvi, 2n3, 46, 50, 116, 128,
243-4
Machiavelli 105
Madame Favart 40
Mademoiselle Mars vii, 40n61, 41 Mahidevran 2, 7-8, 11, 275; see also
Bosporana; Circassa (Circasse);
Gulbahar; Gulbehar; Gulfrem alternative names of 2, 143n10, 273n6 Circassian origin 2n5 departure for Manisa 10, 275 literary representations of in
Baykal's Hürrem Sultan ile Soyle^i
152- 4, 154n46
Tan’s Hurrem Sultan 143, 146-7 popularity with the Turks 8
Mahomet 184, 193, 232, 235, 264
Mahomet 239; see also Voltaire Mahometan 227
Mairet, Jean de 26, 32, 32n31, 34, 220n7 Le Grand et Dernier Solyman ou la mort de Mustapha
Maisonneuve, Louis-Jean-Baptiste de Roxelane et Mustapha 42
Maksymovych, Mykhailo 48n101, 118,
118n26
Malinali (la Malinche) 45n84
Mallet, David
Mustapha 26
Malta 75n18, 177, 275-6
Mami 195-6, 256
Manisa7, 11, 14, 275-6
Margaret of Navarre 127
Marmontel, Jean-Frangois 40, 40n60 Mars 181, 194
Marusia of Bohuslav 17, 48, 48n103,
49n107, 110, 117-8, 121-2, 122n36, 123
and Roxolana 48, 122-3; see also
Ukrainian folklore
Marvell, Andrew 78, 78n35
Mary, Queen of Scots 127
Mary I Tudor, Queen of England 27, 27n20 Matar, Nabil x, xiv, 16n77, 37n46, 62,
62n10, 72n5, 75n19,
McJannet, Linda 73, 73n14, 74, 76
Mecca 11
Medea45, 93
Medina 11 medrese 11
Medusa 65, 69 Mehmed (Mekhmed, Mamet), Hurrem’s
son 2, 7, 11,275-6
Mehmet III, Ottoman Sultan 163n73, 163n75-6
Mesopotamia 169, 177 Mickiewicz, Adam 47
Mihrimah, Hurrem’s daughter 3, 10,
15n73, 115, 117, 117n24, 144n11, 162, 272, 275-6
Moffan, Nicholas de 18n79, 24, 24n 9-10,
25, 25n 13, 29, 34, 73, 73n 12, 219, 219n 4, 276
Mohacs 275
Montesquieu, Lettres persanes 38-9 Morat, Hurrem‘s son 275
Morat Bassa 36, 84-6
Mozart, Die Entführung aus dem Serail 42,
42n70-71,
Mufti, the 25, 83, 85, 92, 97, 105, 178n12,
220-1,224-5, 227-33, 236,
236n16, 237, 261-4, 266 muhibbi 13
Mullisheg, King of Fez in Heywood’s Fair
Maid of the West 57-65, 67, 69 Murat III, Ottoman Sultan 163n73, 163n75 Murat IV, Ottoman Sultan 163n77 Muscovy 4n10, 111, 111n5, 113-4 Muscovite(s) 4n10, 114 Muslim(s)/Moslem(s) x-xi, 2n2, 20, 25, 38,
57, 59, 62, 66n16, 71n3, 90n7, 95, 105, 119, 121, 126n8, 175n9, 178
Musnicki, L.n H. 47, 47n98, 48, 48n99-100 Mustafa, Prince 2, 7-8, 11-2, 12n59, 13-4,
16, 24, 26, 44, 49, 136, 141, 141n3, 144, 144n11, 145, 147, 149, 151,
156, 170, 198, 200, 204, 210, 239, 251, 257-60, 271, 273n6, 275-6; see also Mustapha
birth of 275
service of 7, 12, 13-4, 275-6 execution of 12-13, 145, 276 relationship with Suleiman 13-4 relationship with Hurrem 12 popularity of in Turkey 11-2, 13-4 Mustafa I, Ottoman Sultan 113, 113n10 Mustafa Pasha (Pa§a, Lala), vizier 144, 144n12, 174n9, 175, 179-80, 183, 188-9, 192-5, 255, 256
Mustapha (Mustafa) 14n67, 17-8, 18n 79, 19, 24, 24n9, 25-7, 27n18, 28-31, 31n27, 32-6, 66, 73, 73n12, 74-8, 80, 82-5, 87, 90n6, 100, 100n41, 100n45, 197-8, 219-20, 229n12, 230, 235, 235n15, 239n5, 261, 267, 271
response to him in the West in diplomatic, historical, and popular sources 24-6, 27-8, 44, 276;
in literary works 26-34, 36-7, 72-8, 80, 82-5, 87, 90n6,
98- 9, 99n36, 100, 100n42, 101, 101n47, 102-4, 106n56, 107, 198-200, 204, 210, 240-2, 257-60, 265, 267-70
response to him in Eastern Europe 49, 251
Mustapha (in work titles) 17, 18n79, 24n9, 26, 27, 27n18, 28, 30, 31n27, 32, 36, 36n42, 37, 39n58, 67, 67n22, 71, 72, 73n12, 75, 75n21-2, 81, 87, 90, 99, 99n36, 99n39, 103, 126n10, 220n7, 267, 267n6
Nabokov, Vladimir 138
Nastusia 51; see also Lisovska; Roksolana; Roksoliana
Navagero, Bernardo 2n5, 3, 3n8, 3n10, 4n11, 5n14, 15, 136
Novosiltsov, Ivan 114, 114n14
Ochakiv (Ozü) 111 odalisques 135; see also harem women (concubines)
Ogüt Yazicioglu, Ozlem v, x, xiv, 18, 44n82, 141
Opalinski, Piotr 46
opera
Gustavian 41, 41n66-7 opera-comique 40-42 “abduction/rescue-from-the-seraglio” 42, 42n70, 43; see also Mozart
Viennese 42, 47
Orient, the ix, 18, 20, 39-40, 43, 72n5, 72n8-9, 74n16, 75n20, 82n46, 92n14, 116, 131n29, 137, 176 oriental 3, 38-9, 131-2, 134, 137, 231n13 despot (ruler) 38, 71, 34 women 74-5, 131; see also harem; seraglio
orientalist 18, 45, 71, 109, 116, 123, 126, 130-1, 133-5, 137
Orientalism 20n84-6, 40n59, 130, 130n 26-7, 131n28, 134n45, 134n47, 135n48, 137; see also Said; sexuality
Ormin 220, 224-5, 230, 234, 236, 262-3 Ormusse 198, 204-6, 209, 258, 260 Orr, Bridget 71, 72n5
Orrery, Earl of; see Boyle Orthodox; see also Ukraine; Ukrainians faith 48, 51, 109, 113, 129, 122 priests 114, 116, 121, 122, 275 provinces 113
Osman, Rusten’s relative in Bonarelli’s Il Solimano 197-9, 257-9
Osman, Soliman’s advisor in Desmares’s Roxelane 220, 230, 236, 263
Other (otherness) 18, 20, 23n1, 43, 44n80, 72, 95, 107, 155n54
exotic 43
female 1, 20, 45 Ottoman 1, 16
Ottoman ix, 4, 4n12, 6-7, 7n27, 15-6, 16n77, 19, 27, 44, 58-9, 66n17, 69, 75, 88-9, 91, 93, 112, 114, 116, 119, 126, 134-5, 145, 174n9 captivity 46, 52, 121; see also Ottoman slavery; slavery
court 1, 23, 23n2, 46, 48, 66-7, 69, 84-5, 87, 110, 116, 123
dynasty 7, 11, 13, 66, 117, 122, 126 diplomacy 115
Empire, the ix, 1, 3n6, 3n8, 10n41, 10n50, 15-6, 27, 37, 42, 44, 44n80, 44n82, 49, 74, 74n17, 81n42, 82, 88, 89, 97, 106-7, 109-10, 111, 111n5, 112, 115, 116n19-20, 119, 126, 126n8, 127, 130-1, 135n51, 137, 141-2, 144-5, 148, 154-5, 162-3, 173, 224n9, 228, 271 decline of 73
Slavic presence in 4, 126n9, 137 history and historians 10, 12, 14-6, 18n79, 43, 43n74, 89, 89n2, 90n5-6, 108, 109n2, 142, 145 laws, traditions, and customs 14n68,
25, 34, 36, 83, 219, 234 fratricide custom 13, 27, 32, 34, 36 poetry 13n62 power 4, 15, 75n18, 173, 175, 178 fleet 195, 256
slavery xiii, 4, 4n12, 5, 15, 48, 52, 110-1, 119, 121; see also captivity; slavery
sultans 22 2n.4, 3, 10n42, 111, 149, 168, 219, 271
system 27-8, 112, 112n6, 114; see also harem; Ottoman court
fiscal and tax regulations 11n4-5, 112 women 7n24, 11n49, 15n73, 24n6, 151n37; see also harem women Ottomans 6, 45, 91, 98, 112n6, 117, 119, 122, 127, 169, 194, 196, 256 Oxenstierna, Johan Gabriel 41
Painter, William 24n10, 25n11-3, 73, 73n12-3, 76n27, 219n4
Palmer, Roger, Earl of Castlemaine 79 Pauli, Zegota 118, 118n26
Pavlychko, Solomia 137, 137n55-6 Paul III, Pope 167
Pegevi 12, 12n54, 16, 145
Peirce, Leslie P 3n6-7, 6-8, 10n47, 11n48, 44n80, 66, 66n17, 90n4, 127, 131, 136,163n73,163n75, 163n77
Pepys, Samuel 78, 78n32, 87n55 Perez, David
Solimano, opera 27
Perseda (Perside) 34-5, 35, 35n34-5;
35n35; see also Erastus; Kyd; Yver Persia 3, 9, 12n56-7, 36, 38, 84-5, 168,
168n9, 168, 169-70, 257, 263, 276 Persian xv, 259
campaign of Suleiman 150, 150n33, 168-71, 246, 275; see also Safavids; Suleiman; Tahmasp King/Shah 12, 14, 104, 115n16, 168, 168n9, 198, 257-9, 269-70; see also Tahmasp
Persians 169, 205, 246, 257, 265
Pfandl, Ludwig 167n5, 168
Philip II, King of Spain 175n9, 180,
194-5, 256 Picchietti, Virginia v, x, 19, 197, 197n1 Pinto, Ana v, xi, 19, 23n5, 24n7, 167, 173,
173n1
Pius V, Pope 167, 184, 186, 194, 256 Piri Mehmet Pa§a 150, 150n32 Piyale Pasha 181, 183, 188
Plutarch 26
Podolia 2n3, 3n10, 45, 47-8, 49, 51 Poland ix, 1, 16-7, 45-7, 87, 87n54, 114,
116, 239n2, 244n6
and Turkey 47, 115-6, 116n19-20 diplomacy (embassies, treaties) 2n3, 46-7, 113, 116n20, 272 Polish 46, 109, 182, 243, 271
Chronicles 45-7, 89n4, 116n19, 133 Crown, the 3n10, 47, 115 culture 113, 272 folklore 47; see also Ukrainian folklore history 47, 111n5 kings 7n28, 46n90, 81, 114, 117, 181, 244, 272
national revival 47-8
people 45
nobles, gentry (szlachta) 113, 116 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 45,
110-1,111n5, 113-5, 116n19-20,117 and colonies 47-8, 113; see also Ukraine slave raids on 111n5, 116, 116n19; see also Ukraine, slave raids on Poltava 47 pornography 18, 126, 131n33, 134n43, 138, 138n62, 139; see also eroticism; Vynnychuk Portugal 174 Purchas, Samuel 66-7, 67n20-21 Pyrrhus 78, 80
queenship 57-9, 62, 69-70
Queen’s Nursemaid in Bonarelli’s Il Solimano 198, 202-3, 210-1,213, 258, 260
Racine 239
Regina 32, 197, 271
a.k.a. the “Queen” in Bonarelli’s Il
Solimano 197-202, 210-14
“Relazione anonima della guerra di Persia...” 3, 12n56-7, 276
Reresby, John 78, 78n33 Restoration, the x, 37-8, 74, 76-8, 83 Reynolds, Winston 167, 167n3 Rhodes 34, 177, 275; see also Davenant, The Siege of Rhodes
Rianhabar 129
Ringling Museum; see John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art
Rohatyn, Roxolana’s birthplace 36, 46, 275 Roksolan 141n4, 143, 146-7; see also
Roksolana; Roxolana Roksolana vii, 47n35, 48, 48n103, 49n107, 54-5, 55n126, 109-10, 114, 271; see also Lisovska, Nastia, Roksoliana
influence of over Suleiman and Ottoman affairs 247-53
origin of 2n3, 114, 116, 122 popularity of in Poland 46-8 popularity of in Ukraine 48-51, 54-5, 55n122-6, 109-12, 122-3, 129 Roksolana (in work titles) vii, 49,
49n105, 50, 51n110-1, 51n113,
52, 52n116-7, 54, 55, 55n122-5, 55n127, 110n3, 115n15, 127n12; 128n20
Roksolana, film 55, 55n123
Roksolana—volodarka imperii, film 55, 55n123
Roksoliana 48, 55, 243-4, 247-53, 271 Roksoliana (in work titles) vi, 20, 49, 49n108, 51n109-10, 51n113, 55n125, 243, 243n1
Romanets, Maryna v, xi, xiv, 17-8, 55n126, 125
Romanovych, Roman vii, 53, 55 Roostem Pasha, Grand Vizier, Roxolana’s son-in-law 12, 73, 272; see also Rustam (Rüstam), Rustan, Rustem (Rüstem), Rusten
Rosa vii, 19, 19n81,24-25, 30-31,31, 67, 87, 173-4, 176-80, 182-96, 219, 255-6, 271; see also Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Rosa Solimana 19, 173-6, 186, 188-9, 196, 255, 271
portrait of 189; see also Titian
Rose 19; see also Rosa; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Rossa vii, 3, 3n10, 4n10, 23-4, 24n7, 26, 28n21,30, 67, 71, 173, 220n7, 271; see also Rosa; Rose; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; a Sultana Rossa Rosselana 3, 271; see also Rosa; Rose; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa Rosselane 43n73, 271; see also Rosa;
Rose; Rosselana; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa Rouillard, Clarence 18n79, 26n16-7, 27n19, 35n34, 219n5
Roxalana 6, 40,89n4, 100, 240-2, 266, 271; see also Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Roxana 38-9, 265, 271; see also
Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Roxana (in work titles) 38, 38n54, 39n55 Roxana, wife of Alexander the Great 271 Roxane 89n4, 267, 271; see also
Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Roxelana vi, 40, 66, 167n4, 169-70, 173, 219-20, 223-6, 226n10, 227, 227n11, 228-9, 229n12, 230, 232-3, 233n14, 235, 235n15, 236, 236n16, 237, 271; see also Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Roxelane 18, 18n79, 19, 32, 34, 35, 40, 40n61, 42-3, 43n76, 89n4, 95, 95n20, 239n5, 261-3, 264, 271; see also Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Roxana; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxolana; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa
Roxelane (in work titles) 19, 27, 34, 34n33, 41, 42n69, 43n75-6, 44n78, 108n59, 219, 219n1, 261, 261n3
Roxolana vii, xiii-xv, 1-2, 2n2-3, 3, 3n10, 4, 4n10, 7n23, 8, 10, 12, 16-8, 18n79, 19-20, 23-26, 26n15, 27-30, 32, 34-5, 35n35, 36, 36n40, 37-8, 39n58, 40-44, 44n82, 45-6, 46n90, 47-51, 51n114, 52, 54-5, 57, 59, 62, 66-70, 71-3, 73n10, 73n13, 74-6, 76n24, 77-8, 80-88, 89, 89n4, 90, 90n4, 90n7, 91-2, 92n14, 93-5, 95n23-4, 96-100, 100n42, 101-8, 108n59, 109-10, 110n3, 111-5, 115n16, 116, 116n19-20, 117, 122-3, 126, 126n8, 126n10, 127, 127n14, 128, 128n20, 129-30, 132-8, 141, 141n4, 143, 197-8, 219, 219n1, 243, 244n6, 264-70, 271-3, 273n6, 275-6; see also Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxalana; la Sultana Rossa appearance of 4, 44 conversion to Islam 20, 51 influence of over Suleyman 5, 7n23, 28, 38, 85, 222 influence of on Ottoman affairs
27-8, 126 role of in Ibrahim’s demise 23, 23n5, 34-7 role of in Mustapha’s execution 24-5, 27-32, 34, 36, 198-217, 240-2
intelligence of 4-5, 39n58, 40, 42-3, 143-64, 221-37 name of 114 origins of 3n10, 51, 109-10, 112, 114, 122, 128
parents of 44, 144, 122 place of birth of 114, 122
portraits of 23-4
sexuality of 38-9, 43, 126-39, 126-38 status of in the imperial court 20, 28,
38, 48, 67, 90, 223, 227-8, 233-4, 237, 262
use of witchcraft and love filters by 1, 12,
19, 25, 28, 57, 66, 73, 95, 95n23, 182 violation of Ottoman laws by 28, 233-4 manumission of 23, 25, 42, 227-8, 221-37
and Asia 92n14
Roxolana (in work titles) iii-v, vii, xi, xiii, 2n2, 7n28, 23, 23n1, 31, 46n90, 47, 47n98, 48n99-100, 49n104, 53, 55, 66n16, 71, 71n3, 89, 90n7, 125, 126n8, 127n14, 133n38, 141
Roxolania 272, 272n4
(Roxolanes) 89n4 Ruscelli, Girolamo 12n59, 25n12 Rus 272
Kyivan 45, 113 Red 45, 275; see also Ruthenia Russia 3n10, 6, 42, 55
and “Little Russia” 109, 113; see also Ukraine
Russian 3n10, 42n68, 55, 109, 113, 114, 146, 243, 244
Empire 111n5, 118, 128 Rustam (Rüstam) Pasha (Pa§a), Grand
Vizier, Hurrem’s son-in-law 92-4, 97, 99, 103-5, 107, 263-70; see also Roostem, Rustan, Rustem (Rüstem), Rusten
Rustan Pasha, Grand Vizier, Roxolana’s son-in-law 36, 74-8, 80, 82, 84, 84n53, 97, 230, 235-6, 236n16, 262-3, 266, 267; see also Roostem, Rustam (Rüstam), Rustem (Rüstem), Rusten
Rustem (Rüstem) Pasha (Pa§a), Grand Vizier, Hurrem’s son-in-law 10, 12-3, 14n67, 15n73, 32, 73, 73n10, 74-6, 84, 117n24, 144, 144n11-2, 145, 150, 271-2, 276; see also Roostem, Rustam (Rüstam), Rustan, Rusten
marraige to Mihrimah 276
schemes with Hurrem/Roxolana against Prince Mustafa/Mustapha Rusten Pasha, Grand Vizier, Roxolana’s son-in-law 32, 197-8, 205-6, 308-9, 211,220, 257-60; see also Roostem, Rustam (Rüstam), Rustan, Rustem (Rüstem)
Ruthenia 3n10, 45, 89n4, 275
Ruthenian 2n3, 3, 46, 49, 130, 273; see also Rus, Red
de Ruyter, Commander of the Dutch fleet Rycaut, Paul 74
Rzewuski, Wenceslaw 116, 116n21
Safavids 275; see also Persia; Persian;
Tahmasp
Sahib Guiray, Crimean Khan 122
Said, Edward 20, 20n84-5, 40n59
St. John 245
Saint Peter 167
St. Petersburg 42
Salamanca 167
Sam Mirza 169
Sämi 13
Sandys, George 66-7 satire(s) 78-9, 83-4
Saxony 98
Scudery, George
Ibrahim ou l'Illustre Bassa 35, 35n37, 96n26
Scudery, Madeleine de
Ibrahim ou L 'illustre bassa 35, 35n36, 36, 75, 84, 84n53, 85, 90, 90n8, 91, 91n10, 96, 98, 219, 219n5 gehzade 11, 141, 141n2, 144, 144n11-2, 147, 149
Seleyman 114; see also Soliman (Solimann); Solyman (Solymann); Suleiman (Süleiman); Suleyman (Süleyman)
Selim I, Ottoman Sultan, Suleiman’s father 14, 149, 150n32, 155-6, 168, 174, 275
Selim II, Ottoman Sultan, Hurrem’s son 3, 7, 18n79, 49, 76n24, 114, 173-4, 275-6
birth of 3, 275 feud with Bayazid 14-5, 142, 144, 144n12, 276
literary representations in de Vega’s La Santa Liga 19, 173-4, 174n9, 175-96, 255-6
Bonarelli’s Il Solimano 214, 257, 260; see also Selino loss of the Battle of Lepanto 15, 276 nickname of 49 reign of 15, 45, 116n19, 276 Selim Pasha in Mozart’s opera.Die
Entführung aus dem Serail 42n71 Selino (Selim), Roxolana’s (Regina’s) son
in Bonarelli’s Il Solimano 257, 260 seraglio v, 6, 6n 20, 7n23, 15, 38, 39n56,
40, 40n63, 42, 57, 85, 131,248, 251; see also harem; seraglio “abduction(rescue)-from-the-seraglio”
motif42, 42n70, 43; see also Mozart system 85 western fantasy of 39n56, 40, 131 serail (serail) 38, 42, 42n71,248; see also
harem; Mozart; seraglio
Settle, Elkanah
Ibrahim the Illustrious Bassa 17, 36, 36n43, 37, 37n44, 71-2, 83-4, 84n52-3, 85, 87
sexual
anxieties 57-8, 61, 65, 133 behavior 38-9, 61, 79, 135, 137 desire 38, 61, 72, 75, 78-9 liberation 128, 130-1 power 38, 69, 72, 78-9, 87, 128 rhetoric 78, 128
sexuality v, 38, 57, 58n5, 59, 61-2, 67, 72, 72n6-7, 75, 78-9, 130, 134, 137-8, 143n8, 138n62
and colonialism 138
and Orientalism 131, 137
and politics 72, 78-9, 128, 134, 136 and race 134
and slavery 138n62
Eastern 8, 11n48, 75, 134, 137; see also harem, West’s fantasy of; harem, women; seraglio, western fantasy of
female 17, 57, 61-2, 72, 75, 82, 87, 131, 135-6
heterosexuality 135 homosexuality 135
homoeroticism 135, 135n48 homophobia 135 homosociality 128 lesbianism 130, 135 male 61, 75-6, 78-9, 83, 134 psychosexuality 130
Sharabun, Dmytro 49 Shevchenko, Taras 48n101, 243 Shevchuk, Valerii 128n20 Schlegel, Johann E. 239 Sichynsky, Denys xvi, 243
Roksoliana, opera vi, 20, 49, 243, 243n2, 244
Sicily 75n18
Sigismund I, King of Poland 46n90, 81 Sigismund II, August, King of Poland 7n28, 114-5, 181, 244
Silesia 94-5
Sinan 11, 276
Sinan the Jew 170
sipahis 4
Skop, O. 7, 53, 55 slavery 91, 228, 245; see also captivity
Ottoman 54, 52, 110, 114, 118-21, 123 slave markets 2, 4, 45, 52n119, 110, 126, 127n14
slave system xi, xiii, 4n12, 5-6, 15 elite 4, 5; see also kullar slave trade ix, 4, 45, 47-8, 52n119, 110, 111n4-5; see also Ottoman slavery; Tatars, Crimean; Ukraine, slave raids on; Ukrainian captives and slaves
slaves 4, 6, 16, 20, 40, 49-51, 67, 110-2, 128, 130-2, 219, 241,259, 262; see also Ukrainian captives and slaves Snader, Joe 132, 132n34
Sokolnicki, Michel 43n76, 89n4 Solakzade 16, 145
Soleiman vii, 29, 90n5, 271
Soliman 18, 18n79, 19, 25, 28n21, 32, 34,
40-2, 73n12, 90n5, 93, 93n15, 96, 96n28, 97n29, 174n9, 175n9, 197, 197n3, 198, 200, 209, 210-11, 213-5, 217, 219-1, 223-8, 230, 232-4, 235n15, 236-7, 239n5, 257-60, 261-3, 271; see also Seleyman; Soleiman; Solyman (Solymann); Suleiman (Süleiman); Suleyman (Süleyman); Suliman as Roxolana’s “love slave” 38, 85, 222
Soliman (in work titles) v, vii, 4n12, 10n47, 14n65, 17, 19, 26-7, 27n18, 32, 32n29, 33, 34, 34n32, 35, 35n35, 36, 39n58, 40, 40n62, 41n64, 73n12, 90, 96, 96n25, 99n36-7, 197, 219, 220n6-7, 257, 257n2, 265 Solimann 102, 240-2, 263, 265, 267 Solyman (Solymann) 24-5, 36-7, 75-8, 80-2, 84-7, 90n5, 271, 276; ; see also Seleyman; Soleiman; Soliman (Solimann); Suleiman (Süleiman); Suleyman (Süleyman); Suliman Solyman (in work titles) vii, 24, 24n9, 26, 28, 28n21, 30, 31, 32, 32n31, 35n34, 36n42, 43n73, 67, 73n12, 75n21, 99n36, 220n7 Solymannidae Tragoedia 26, 28, 67 Spain xi, 1, 45, 60, 62, 173-4, 179-80, 188 Kings of Spain 60, 167, 256, Spandounes, Theodore (Spandugino,
Theodoro) 2n4, 6n20, 9, 9n39, 10n42 Spanish 19, 25n13, 40, 59-60, 167, 173-5, 179, 194, 256, 271, 273n7, 276 Armada 60
Golden Century 173
Spragge, Edward 74 Starytska-Cherniakhivska, Liudmyla 49 Staves, Susan 80 Stenzel, Jürgen 239
Stephan Batory, King of Poland 272 Stephanie, G., Jr. 42
Strabo 272, 272n3 Strait of Kerch (Bosporos Cimmerius) 273 Streibich, August 27n18, 99n36
Sublime Porte3, 6n20, 9, 24, 25n12, 47, 81, 98, 127, 272, 276
Suida, Wilhelm E. 24n7-8, 174n 5 Suleiman (Süleiman) the Magnificent, Ottoman Sultan iv, xv, 1-3, 3n7, 4-6, 6n20, 7, 7n23, 8-9, 9n35, 10-4, 14n67-8, 15-6, 16n75, 18, 20, 23-4, 26-8, 34-6, 40, 44-6, 49-50, 57, 71-3, 73n10, 74-5, 81, 83-5, 87-8, 90n5, 126, 141, 141n1,243-53, 271, 275-6; see also Seleyman; Soleiman; Soliman (Solimann); Solyman (Solymann); Suleyman (Süleyman); Suliman birth of 275
death of in Szigetvar 15, 276 letters to and from Hurrem 5 love of Hurrem 5-7, 8 military campaigns of Austrian 275-6 Persian (Safavid) 168-70, 275-6 relationship with Ibrahim 9 relationship with Mustafa 11-4 relationship with his other sons 14-5 Suleiman/Süleiman (in work titles) 4n12, 16n75, 18, 43n76, 44n79, 44n81-2, 49n108, 76n25, 81n43-5, 83n47, 126n9, 133n40, 142
Suleyman (Süleyman) 66, 74, 90, 90n5-6, 91-3, 95, 97-9, 100, 100n42, 101-6, 111-2, 114, 116n20, 117, 122, 126-7, 127n14, 128n20, 130, 132-7, 141, 141n1, 142-3, 143n10, 144, 144n12, 145, 147, 149-50, 150n32, 151-7, 157n73, 173-4, 174n9, 175, 263-70, 271; see also Seleyman; Soleiman; Soliman (Solimann); Solyman (Solymann); Suleiman (Süleiman); Suliman Suleyman/Süleyman (in work titles) 4n12, 5n15, 5n17, 7n25, 7n27, 9n35-6, 9n38, 10n42-4, 10n46-7, 11n49-53, 12n54, 13n61, 13n63-4, 14n65-70, 15n73, 39n57, 43n76, 44, 44n77, 44n82, 99n37, 142, 142n6, 145n13-4, 151n34, 155n51, 156n55-7, 164, 168-71 Süleymaniye mosque 15, 115n16, 276; see also Sinan
Suliman 42n68, 90n5; see also Seleyman; Soleiman; Soliman (Solimann); Solyman (Solymann); Suleiman (Süleiman); Suleyman (Süleyman) la Sultana Rossa 24; see also Rosa; Rose; Rossa; Rosselana; Rosselane; Roxana; Roxane; Roxelana; Roxelane; Roxolana; Roxalana Sussmeyer (Süssmeyer, Süssmayr), Franz Xaver
Soliman der Zweyte 40-41, 41n64 Sweden 41
Swedish 40, 41n66-7 Syria 177 Szigetvar 15, 276
Tabriz 14, 276
Tahmasp, King of Persia 115n16, 168-70; see also Persia, Persian
Tamerlane 169, 219 Tan, Turhan M.
Hurrem Sultan 18, 142, 142n5, 144-7, 147n 19-23, 154, 154n49, 155, 155n50, 155n52,164
Tanais 177 Tangier 75 Tatars
Crimean 46n89, 51-2, 52n119-20, 111, 114, 129, 133
slave raids on Ukraine 2, 45-8, 51, 51n114, 52, 111, 114-5, 116n20, 118-9, 122n36, 247, 251, 275; see also slavery Mongol-Tatars 129 Taurus, mount 170, 177 Temir 101, 101n47, 102-3, 240-42 Tieck, Ludwig 91, 91n12, 108 Thevet, Andre 26 Thilloys, Georges 26 Thou, Jacques-Auguste de 99, 99n36, 103n51, 239
Tigris 177
Titian, the painter 19n81, 24, 24n7, 173, 173n3, 174, 174n5-6, 174n8, 175, 188-9, 255
portrait of Rosa Solimana 189; see also Rosa Solimana
the Venetian Senate’s welcome of 188, 255; see also Venetian Senate, the Tomlinson, Tracey 80, 80n41 Topkapi (New Palace) 7, 142, 275 Tota, Queen of Fez in Heywood’s Fair Maid of the West 17, 57-9, 62-3, 65-70 Trabizon 275
Transylvania 81, 112 Tralow, Johannes
Roxelane: Roman einer Kaiserin 43n75, 44n78, 108n59 Treaty of Karlowitz 37, 89 Trevisano, Domenico 2n5, 3, 3n8, 3n10, 7n23, 12n56, 276
Trinitarian friar 185, 256 Tsertelev, Mykola 118, 118n26 Tudor reign 27, 27n20, 31 Tülbentgi, Feridun Fazil
Hurrem Sultan 18, 142, 142n5, 143, 145-6, 149-51, 151n 35-6, 152, 152n40, 155, 155n53, 164
Tunis 170
turcomania 39, 42, 46 turquerie 39, 39n57
Turk 69n25, 121, 170, 195, 255
Grand Turk, the 8, 44, 44n77, 175 “Turk,” the 16, 16n77, 18n79,
19-20, 26n16, 27, 27n19, 34, 36-8, 39n57-8, 42, 60, 71n4, 73, 97-8, 110; see also Other
Turkey 1, 3, 7, 14, 16n77, 24, 42, 44-5, 47,
51, 90, 92, 119-20, 123, 137, 141, 141n4, 197
Turkish v, xv, 2n3, 8
attitudes to Hurrem 16; see also Hurrem
historians 14
Other; see “Turk”; see also Other (Otherness)
slavery; see Ottoman slavery; slavery Ottoman
Turks 1, 7n23, 8, 19, 34, 36-7, 39n57-8, 42, 45, 49, 51-2, 73, 73n14, 74, 74n18, 75n18, 89n3, 99, 110-1, 118, 122n36, 126, 169, 170, 175, 245, 256, 276
Twardowski, Samuel 2n3, 46, 113, 113n10,114
Ukraine vii, ix, xi, xiii, 1-2, 16-7, 45, 53, 54, 54-5, 90, 127n14, 131, 248, 272-3
and Austrian Empire 113
and Kyivan Rus 113; see also Kyivan Rus; Rus
and Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 45, 47, 110, 113; see also Polish
as “Little Russia” (Malorossia) 109, 113; see also Russia
colonization of 47-8 decolonization of 18, 125 history of 45n85, 52, 110-1, 113,
122-3, 125, 128
name of 113
slave raids on 2, 46, 48, 51, 51n114,
52, 11-1, 115-6, 120-1, 126, 128, 247, 249, 251, 275 western U. 3n 10, 45, 47, 116; see also Ruthenia; Rus, Red
Ukranian vi-vii, ix, xi, xiv, xvi, 8, 44, 49, 50, 55, 55n126, 129-30, 243-4, 271 captives and slaves 20, 40, 45, 49-51, 110-1, 118-20, 121-3; see also captivity; slavery; Roksolana; Roxolana; Ukraine, slave raids on; Tatars, Crimean
converts to Islam and renegades 52, 119-21, 122n36; see also conversion; Roksolana; Roksoliana composers 243
Cossacks 17, 48, 51, 111, 113, 118-9; see also Cossack; Cossacks culture 17, 20, 45, 49-50, 55, 243 elite 113, 122, 128 folklore 45, 88n46-7, 53, 109-10, 115, 118 dumas 48, 52n119, 115, 118, 118n26-9, 119, 119n30-2, 120-1, 123, 128n20; see also “Marusia of Bohuslav”; Roksolana and gender 120-1, 128 historians 51n14, 111n4, 120, 122-3, 133
identity 49, 49n4, 55, 110-1, 120, 122-3
lands 141,245, 247, 250 national revival 17, 47-8, 48n101, 49n104, 52, 109, 111, 120, 122-3 and Kobzar 48n101
statehood 55, 109-10, 113, 122-3 women 17, 116, 126, 129-31 writers 49, 51, 125-7, 137, 243 Ukrainians 17, 45, 48, 52, 52n119, 55, 109-13, 116-8, 128 and Tatars and Turks 52, 52n120, 118, 247, 272
Ukrainka, Lesia 243
Ulama, heir of Persia 36, 84-6, 170 Uluc Ali, King of Algiers 175, 183-4, 188, 194-5, 256
valide sultan 6-7, 115n16, 142, 147-9, 151, 163n73, 163n75-7, Vega, Lope de 173, 173n2, 174, 174n5-7 La Santa Liga v, 18-9, 24n7, 173, 173n1, 174, 255, 255n1
Velasco, Juan Banos de 168
Venice 183, 188-9, 192-3, 255-6, 276 Venetian(s) 23, 74-5n18, 183, 186, 188, 194-5, 255-6
ambassadors (baili) 3, 15n72, 66, 112, 136, 272, 275-6
painter Titian 173-4, 255; see also Titian
reports 2n5, 3n8, 4, 133; see also Bragadino; Navagero; “Relazione anonima...”; Trevisano
Republic 189, 256
Senate 19n8, 24n7, 74n18, 174n9, 175, 188-9, 193, 195, 255, 275; see also Titian
Venus 178, 181
Villiers, George, Second Duke of Buckingham 77
Vienna 9n35, 24, 37, 39, 41, 74, 75n18, 89, 95, 98, 263, 275
Voltaire 239
Volynia 45
Vynnychuk, Yuri 125, 126n4-7, 128n20, 129, 138-9; see also eroticism; pornography
Zhytiie Haremnoie 18, 126, 128-2, 139 Vyshnevetsky, Dmytro, Prince, Baida 116-7
Watanabe-O’Kelly, Helen 98, 98n32 Weisse, Christian Felix 99n39, 103, 103n50, 106
and “bourgeois play” 106
Mustapha und Zeangir 17, 26, 39n58, 89n4, 90, 90n5, 99, 99n36, 99n39, 100n42, 103, 103n5, 105, 106n56, 107, 267, 267n6
Williams, Linda 133, 133n41
Williamson, Joseph 84
Wilmot, John, Earl of Rochester 79, 79n37
Wiseman, Susan 35n38, 36
Yahya Bey 13
Yakymovych, Hnat 49
Yermolenko, Galina v-vii, xi, xiv, 1, 16, 20, 23, 53, 66, 66n16, 71n3, 90, 90n7, 122n36, 126n8, 126n10, 133n38, 197, 197n1, 219, 243, 243n1, 271, 273n6
Yula, Ozen
Gayri Resmi Hurrem [Unofficial Hurrem] viii, 18, 142, 142n7, 143, 143n10, 145-6, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163-4 Yver 35n34-5; see also Erastus; Kyd; Perseda
Zabuzhko, Oksana 127, 127n15, 128 Zahrebelny, Pavlo 13, 51n113, 52, 52n117,
55, 110n3
Zaleski, Waclaw 118, 118n26 Zanger, Roxolana’s son in Boyle’s The
Tragedy of Mustapha 26, 36, 75-8, 80, 82, 272; see also Cihangir, Gianger, Giangir, Jihangir; Zeangir Zapolya, John, King of Hungary 81 Zeangir (Zeangir) 26, 103, 103n52, 104, 267, 272; see also Cihangir, Gianger, Giangir, Jihangir; Zanger
Zeangir/Zeangir (in work titles) 17, 26, 27n18, 90, 99, 99n39, 103, 267, 267n6
Zbaraski, Krzystof, Prince 46, 46n92, 113, 113n10
Ze'evi, Dror 135, 135n50
Zesen, Philipp von 90, 90n8, 96n26 ziadi 8, 8n31, 66
Zopyr 104, 106n56, 268-70
Zurbaran 167n2
10 Cf. “donna di nazion russa” (Bragadino); “[donna]... di nazione russa” (Navagero); “Sultana, ch’e di Russia” (Trevisano). See Alberi, Relazioni degli ambasciatori veneti al Senato, 3: 102; 1: 74; 1: 115. The belief that Roxolana was of Russian rather than Ukrainian origin may have been a later reinterpretation of the words Roxolana and Rossa. In early modern Europe, the word Roxolania was used in reference to the province of Ruthenia (Rutenia), or Red Rus, in the western part of Ukraine, which was later known under the names of Podolia (that is, eastern Podolia that was under Polish control at the time) and
52 See Alan Grosrichard, The Sultan ’s Court: European Fantasies of the East, trans. Liz Heron (New York: Verso, 1998), 20; Alexandrine St. Clair, The Image of the Turk in Europe (New York: The Metropolitan Museum ofArt, 1973), 14. For eighteen-century and
58 It must be noted that in Italy and Germany the “serious” attitude to the Turks had persisted for the greater part of the eighteenth century, and their theatrical stages were dominated by the dark “Turkish” tragedies. As far as the Roxolana image is concerned, eighteenth-century Italian and German dramatists and composers mostly followed in the steps of Bonarelli’s Il Solimano, as did Hasse in his opera Solimano performed at Dresden in 1753, representing the famous sultana as a tragic character. The German Enlightenment drama also treated Roxolana in complex terms, acknowledging her great intellectual and rhetorical power. (For the discussion of Roxolana’s character in Gotthold E. Lessing’s
18 In a letter to the Doge and Senate dated 11 November 1664, Giovanni Battista Bellarino, Venetian Grand Chancellor, writes of his concern about the growing insolence of the Turks. See Calendar of State Papers Venetian 1661-1664. On 14 November 1665, Francesco Bianchi, Venetian Resident at Florence, writes to the Doge and Senate that “The Sultan has issued an order for the seizure of all ships, native and foreign, in order to send reinforcements to Candia.” See Calendar of State Papers Venetian 1664-1665. On 18 May 1669, Antonio Grimani, Venetian Ambassador at Rome writes to the Doge and Senate that
4 According to Michel Sokolnicki, the term Roxolanes is used to refer to young women from Ruthenia in seventeenth-century Polish texts. See “La Sultane Ruthene,” Belleten 23 (1959): 229-39. This matches with the spelling, Roxolana, used by Busbecq. See The Turkish Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Imperial Ambassador at Constantinople, 1554-1562, trans. E. S. Foster (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2005). The name is spelled in various ways in the German texts considered here: Roxelane (Lohenstein), Roxolane (Haugwitz), Roxalana (Lessing), Roxane (Weisse), but except in
5 See Ludwig Pfandl, “Gonzalo de Illescas und die älteste spanische Paptsgeschichte,” Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Kulturgeschichte Spaniens, eds Heinrich Finke, Konrad