CONTENTS

Introduction................................................................................................................................... 476

Cell Death by Murder....................................................................................................................

Death Receptor Pathways....................................................................................................... 478

Therapeutic Approaches......................................................................................................... 480

Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs).................................................................................. 480

Inhibition of IAPs in Cancer Therapy.................................................................................... 480

Activation of IAPs to Prevent Neuronal Loss........................................................................ 481

Caspases................................................................................................................................. 481

Cell Death by Suicide.................................................................................................................... 481

Bcl-2 Family........................................................................................................................... 482

Induction of Cell Death with Bcl-2 Antisense or BH3-Mimetic Strategies......................... 483

Prevention of Cell Death by Maintenance of Mitochondrial Membrane Integrity.............. 483

p53 Status............................................................................................................................... 483

Induction of Cell Death by Restoration of p53 Function...................................................... 484

Induction of Cell Death by Activating Wild-Type p53........................................................

Survival Kinases..................................................................................................................... 485

PI3K∕Akt∕mT0R....................................................................................................................... 485

PI3K/Akt/mTOR Targeted Therapeutics............................................................................... 486

MAPK Signaling and BRAF.................................................................................................. 487

NF-κB Pathway...................................................................................................................... 487

NF-KB-Targeted Therapeutics.............................................................................................. 488

Adenoviral Gene Therapy to Inhibit Multiple Kinases......................................................... 488

Activation of Survival Kinase Cascades by Ligand Supplementation.................................. 488

Targeting Protein Degradation............................................................................................... 489

General Inhibitors of Gene Silencing.................................................................................... 489

ER Stress and Ca²+ Homeostasis............................................................................................ 489

ER Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders............................................................................ 490

Other Forms of Cell Death: Necrosis and Autophagy.................................................................. 490

Necrosis.................................................................................................................................. 490

Reactive Oxygen Species....................................................................................................... 490

ROS in Alzheimer’s Disease..................................................................................................

ROS in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury..................................................................................... 491

Protection against Reactive Oxygen Species........................................................................ 491

Cancer Therapeutics That Induce ROS and Cell Death......................................................... 492

Modulation of PARP Activity in Necrotic Cell Death.......................................................... 492

Autophagy.............................................................................................................................. 492

Summary....................................................................................................................................... 493

References..................................................................................................................................... 493