CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the laws of apostasy and blasphemy in their current forms and their respective punishment by death in Islamic law are untenable in the modern period. As we demonstrated above, these laws conflict with a variety of foundational teachings of Islam and with the current ethos of human rights, in particular the freedom to choose one’s religion and the freedom to express oneself.

It is arguable that the early development of the law of blasphemy and apostasy were largely driven by political, historical and social realities of the time. It is high time that the aspirational, theoretical/legal and ethical vision of Islam is squared with the rules and practices in the area of blasphemy and apostasy.

For a good discussion of the evolution of the term, see §erif Onur Bahgecik, ‘Internationalizing Islamophobia: Anti-Islamophobic Practices from the Runny- mede Trust to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation’ (July 2013) 5 Ortadogu Etutleri 141 - available at www.orsam.org.tr/en/enUploads/Article/Files/201395_ makale6.pdf.

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Source: Hosen Nadirsyah (ed.). Research Handbook on Islamic Law and Society. Edward Elgar Publishing,2018. — 474 p.. 2018

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CONCLUSION

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