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Introduction

The importance of diabetes in pregnancy arises through two unre­lated phenomena: an increased predisposition to impaired glucose tolerance in late pregnancy and an adverse impact of the increased glucose on important obstetric outcomes.

There are marked differences in clinical outcomes and manage­ment between pregnancies in which a clinically significant im­pairment of glucose tolerance was first noticed during pregnancy (‘gestational diabetes mellitus' (GDM)) and those where type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus had been known prior to pregnancy (‘prepregnancy diabetes'). These will be discussed separately in the following sections.

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Source: Arulkumaran S., Ledger W., Denny L., Doumouchtsis S. (eds.). Oxford Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Oxford University Press,2020. — 928 p.. 2020
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