Equipment needed
Limited equipment is needed to obtain good cytology samples and includes a 22- or 20-gauge needle, a 6 ml syringe, and 5–8 glass microscope slides laid out individually (Figure 1.1).
Needle gauge size is not a critical issue; for very small masses a 25-gauge needle may be used, and for bone lesions an 18 gauge is sometimes beneficial. Needle gauge size does not appear to affect cellularity but smaller gauge needles, like 25-gauge, can result in more cellular damage (Arai et al., 2019). For best results, all the needed materials should be set out and ready to use prior to getting the tissue sample. Once the sample is obtained, it can rapidly clot and lead to poor smear preparation. Also, once the sample is expelled onto a slide, it will begin to dry, which will also limit the ability to make good smears. 
Figure 1.1 Glass slides, 22-gauge needles, and a 6 ml syringe filled with air set up prior to sampling the patient.
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