Conclusion

The COVID-19 outbreak affects the whole world on a global scale. Countries are taking efforts to minimize the economic, environmental, health and social effects of the pandemic and to protect these areas.

Considering that the facilities such as cleaning, food and medical equipment in the camps are limited, it is obvious to what extent the refugees will be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Many people affected by humanitarian crises in host countries live in camps or camp-like environments. These overcrowded camps pose a serious health risk to the host population and residents. Lack of clean water and soap, lack of medical staff and limited access to health information are serious problems in these environments. Maintaining basic hand hygiene and social distance in refugee camps is either impossible or extremely difficult. With the measures to be taken, it will be possible for refugees to be less affected by the COVID-19 outbreak and to reduce its rate of spread.

In this sense, the measures that can be taken during the COVID-19 pandemic for refugee protection can be discussed under the following headings:

• First of all, the movement areas of refugees should be limited.

• Countries should evaluate their decisions to prevent the pandemic in a way that includes refugees and migrants.

• The concept of public health should be addressed to include refugees and migrants.

• Materials that the refugees and migrants can understand should be created by removing language barriers.

• It should be ensured that all the information planned to reach the public about the pandemic reaches these groups as well.

• It should be ensured that all the proposed measures can be applied to the segments living especially in the environments such as camps.

• Finally, these people should not be discriminated on the ground that they spread the disease.

As long as those listed above are achieved, the effect of COVID-19 will be mini­mized in the refugee protection, which is a GPG and has the potential to affect the whole world.

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Zeynep Demirci C^ak>roglu Assistant Professor in Department of Public Finance, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey. Holds Ph.D. in Public Finance and Financial Management, MSc in Public Finance, BS in Public Finance. She has book chapters, articles and papers on global public goods, refugee protection, international tax agreements, tax audit and other fiscal theory research areas.