Depression
There are inconsistencies in studies about ethnic differences and depression. Some findings indicate that African American young adults have the highest rates of depression compared with any other group of young adults (Gore & Aseltine, 2003), while other findings conclude that, in general, Hispanics have higher rates of depression than any other ethnic minority group (Gore & Aseltine, 2003; Iwata, Turner, & Lloyd, 2002).
One particular study that assessed prevalence rates within a large (N = 5,412), diverse sample of the population found that Chinese Americans had the lowest rates of major depression out of the entire sample population (Roberts, Roberts, & Chen, 1997). However, other studies report both Chinese and Korean Americans have the same or higher rates of depression as non-Hispanic Whites (Choi, Stafford, Meininger, Roberts, & Smith, 2002; Stewart et al., 1999). However, more recent large-scale studies (Beals et al., 2005; Harris, Edlund, & Larson, 2005; National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2008b) illustrate that depression rates are lower for African Americans and Hispanics relative to Whites, while the other three ethnic groups have similar rates of depression. There is evidence that of the ethnic groups, American Indians have the highest rates of suicide (Olson & Wahab, 2006). A recent national study found that American Indians and Whites (7.7% and 7.3%, respectively) had the highest rates of past-year major depressive episode, with African Americans and Hispanics following next (5.8% and 5.6%, respectively) and Asian Americans having the lowest (3.8%) (SAMHSA, 2012).
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