INDEX

Abromavicius, Aivaras, 153

Air Force, Ukrainian, 133

Akhmetov, Rinat, 71, 87, 138

Aksenov, Sergei, 117-118

Alaska, 120

Alberta, 23

Alexei, tsar, 31

Amsterdam, 133 anti-Maidan, 99, 127 anti-Semitism, 81, 95, 172

Argentina, 22

arms production, 14, 136 army, Ukrainian, 97, 100, 113, 117, 129-133, 135-137, 155-157,163, 172, 176

assimilation, 18, 20, 51-52, 63, 99, 105, 110, 121, 124

Australia, 23, 140

Austria, republic, 84-85

Austrian (Austro-Hungarian)

Empire, 16-17, 20-22, 25, 35­40, 66, 122

Autonomous Republic of Crimea, 6, 19, 104, 109-112.

Avakov, Arsen, 175

Azerbaijan, 88

Azov Sea, 132, 157

Azov volunteer battalion, 97

Babi Yar (Babyn Yar), 47-48 Bakhchysarai, 109 Baltic Sea, 26

Baltic States, 41, 106

Bandera, Stepan, 48-50, 96-97 Banderites, 49-51

Belarus, 13, 27, 54, 57-59, 88, 133, 142 Belarusians, 15, 18, 26

Biden, Hunter, 169-171, 179-180

Biden, Joe, 168-171, 178-180, 183 bilingualism, 16, 19, 51, 63 “black ledger," 165-168

Black Sea, 13-14, 30, 104, 108,

130, 157

Black Sea Fleet, 7, 21, 62, 92, 112-115, 117, 130

Boiko, Yuri, 171, 174

Bolshevik Revolution, 4, 25, 30, 38, 109 Bolsheviks, 25, 30, 38-41, 45, 109, 121-123

Borodai, Aleksandr, 130

Brazil, 22, 74

Brest-Litovsk Peace, 39, 41, 121

Brussels, 161

Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 61

Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances, 1, 61

Buk missile system, 134

Bukovyna, 36-37, 40, 45-46

Bulgaria, 13, 92

Bulgarians, 15, 27, 35, 107

Burisma Holdings, 170-171

Bush, George H. W., 61

Bush, George W., 88

Byron, George Gordon, 34

BYuT. See Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc

Byzantine Empire, 26-27, 65

Canada, 22-23, 44, 136, 140, 147, 156, 163 Carpathian Mountains, 13, 37 Catherine II, empress, 34-35, 109, 121 Catholic Church, 27, 29, 31, 37 Central Asia, 22, 106, 110, 168

Central Electoral Commission, 83, 86, 165-166

Central Rada, 38, 41-42

Chalupa, Alexandra, 167

Charles XII, king of Sweden, 33 Chechnya, 61, 119

Chekhov, Anton, 42

Chernivtsi, 25

Chernobyl (Chornobyl), 14, 53-55 Chicago, 22, 23

China, 2, 60, 114

Christianity, 26.

CIA, 103

CIS. See Commonwealth of Independent States citizenship, xv, 16-17, 118, 130 civil society, 19, 21, 73, 79, 126, 131, 156, 158, 160, 169, 177

Clinton, Bill, 61

Clinton, Hillary, 183 coal, 14, 71, 74, 76, 104, 120-121, 123 Cold War, 11, 130, 147, 181-182 Colombia, 74

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 57-59, 62, 64, 88

Communist Party (in independent Ukraine), 7, 21, 61, 79, 89-90, 105, 113, 116, 125, 151

Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 30, 42-46, 54, 56, 63, 72

Community of Democratic Choice, 88

Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, 147

Constantinople, 65, 68. See also Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople

Constitutional Court, 74, 90, 94, 101, 159

corruption, 4-5, 64, 69-70, 71-74, 81, 84, 88-89, 96, 125, 130, 153, 155-161, 168, 169-170, 172, 174, 178-180

Cossacks (Russian), 30, 117, 120, 139 Cossacks (Ukrainian), 25, 28-33,

66, 111

Council of Europe, 73 COVID-19, 139, 177

Cracow, 36

Crimea, 7-, 13-14, 21, 39, 40, 41, 57, 62, 67, 71, 91, 92, 101, 104, 106-120, 122, 126-132, 140, 147, 150-151,157

annexation by Russia (2014), 3, 6-9, 10, 11, 59-60, 67, 106, 112-120, 128-129, 140, 161, 163, 171 ethnic composition, 7, 9, 14, 19, 21, 40-41, 76, 105, 108-111, 113 referendum in, 7, 129-131, 140 regional identity, 21, 104-107, 116 transfer to the Ukrainian SSR, 7, 70, 104, 110-111,112

Crimean Bridge. See Kerch Bridge Crimean Khanate, 108-109

Crimean Mountains, 13

Crimean Tatars, 4, 15, 28-29, 31, 33, 67, 105,108-110,112-113,116-119 Stalin's deportation of, 108, 109-112

Crimean War, 7, 105, 109, 114

Cuba, 88

Curzon, George Nathaniel, 45

Curzon Line, 45-46

Customs Union, 58, 95

Cyprus, 156

Cyrillic alphabet, 27 Czech Republic, 11 Czechoslovakia, 20, 25, 40, 45-46

Debaltseve, 133, 135, 137, 143, 144 decommunization, 156 democracy, 1-3, 5, 11, 19, 21, 36, 52, 54, 56-58, 61, 64, 70, 78-79, 82, 86, 93, 97-98, 102-103, 125-126, 147, 149, 182

Democratic National Committee (in the US), 167

Democratic Party (in the US), 167, 183

diaspora, Ukrainian, 22-24, 66 displaced persons (after World War II), 23

dissidents, Ukrainian, 52-53 Dnipro (Dnieper) River, 13-14, 16, 24, 25-26, 29, 30, 32, 33, 35, 40, 47, 64

Dnipropetrovsk province, 71 Dobkin, Mykhailo, 150

Don Cossacks.

Donbas, 3, 9-10-11, 14, 20-22, 46, 52-53, 71, 76, 94, 104-107, 111, 120-135, 137-139, 140-153, 162, 171, 182 regional identity, 9, 19, 21-22, 52, 67,104-106,120-126,138-140 Russian involvement in the war in, 3, 9-11, 67, 119, 131-132, 134, 137,146-149

war in, 8-11, 12, 15, 19, 97, 106-107, 128-138,140,142-148,150-151, 153, 155, 162, 175, 184

Donets River, 120

Donetsk, 121, 129, 132, 143 Donetsk clan, 82, 85

Donetsk International Airport, 132-133, 143

Donetsk-Kryvyi Rih Soviet Republic, 121-123

Donetsk People's Republic, 107, 123, 128-129, 132, 134,144

Donetsk province, 8-9, 82, 86, 104­105, 120, 129, 132, 133

Dzhemilev, Mustafa, 118

Dziuba, Ivan, 53, 124

Eastern Galicia. See Galicia

Eastern Slavs, 16-18, 24, 26-29, 48, 57, 120

Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, 65, 68, 156

Edmonton, 23

^Egyph ⁶¹

election interference, 141, 167-168, 178, 180, 182-184

elections, Ukrainian, 3, 21, 34, 37,

46, 136

parliamentary (1994), 73

parliamentary (2002), 81

parliamentary (2006), 87, 89

parliamentary (2007), 90

parliamentary (2012), 94, 95

parliamentary (2014), 49, 96-97, 150-151,153

parliamentary (2019), 158, 173-174 presidential (1991), 57 presidential (1994), 64 presidential (1999), 80 presidential (2004-2005), 5-6, 59, 78, 82-86, 102, 147

presidential (2010), 90-91 presidential (2014), 97, 101, 149-151,154

presidential (2019), 68, 156-158, 171-173

Elizabeth, empress of Russia, 34 England, 29

Epiphanius, metropolitan, 68 Estonia, 11, 58

ethnic cleansing, 50

ethnic conflict, xv, 19, 79, 127

ethnic identities, 15-178, 19, 26, 27, 33-36, 63, 105

Eurasian Economic Community, 58 Eurasian Economic Union, 58 Eurasianism, 182

EuroMaidan Revolution, 3, 6, 49, 67, 71, 74, 78-80, 92, 93-103, 126-127, 149, 152

casualties during, 3, 6, 98-100

Russian reaction to, 6, 8-9, 11,

48, 78-79, 95, 100-103, 117, 126, 150

Western involvement in, 2-4, 8, 10­11, 61, 78-79, 101-103 European Soccer Cup (2012), 93 European Union (EU), 3, 6-8, 11, 13, 59, 62, 79, 88, 92-95, 100, 140-141, 142, 152, 156, 159-162, 169-170,180

Eastern Partnership program, 59

Ukraine's Association Agreement with, 6, 8, 59, 93-94, 161-162

famine, 48.

150-153, 174

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 167

Federal Security Service, Russian, 148 Filaret, metropolitan, 66-68

Finland, 41, 120

For Life, political party, 174

Forbes magazine, 71

Foreign Policy magazine, 148-149 France, 2, 13, 27, 48, 60, 63, 99, 141, 144-145,183

Freedom House, 102

Freedom Party, 95-97, 99, 150-152 Fruman, Igor, 178-179

Galicia (Eastern Galicia), 20, 25, 35­40, 45-47, 49-50, 66, 95

gas trade, 70, 74-77, 88, 91, 104, 115, 142, 170 “gas wars," 74-76, 88-92 Gascoigne, Charles, 121 Gazprom, 75, 88, 91-92 Geneva, 142 Genghis Khan, 108 Genoa, 108

Georgia, republic, 88, 102, 115, 130,

153, 168, 181, 182

Germans, 36, 44, 48, 108 Germany, 13, 39, 99, 122, 134, 137,

142-145,149

Nazi regime, 23, 45, 47-49, 110, 122

(see also Nazis)

Giray dynasty, 109

Giuliani, Rudi, 170-171, 178-180, 183 glasnost, 54

Gongadze, Georgii, 80-81 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 5, 54, 56-57, 66 Goths, 108

Grad rocket launchers, 132

Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 24, 28 Great Britain, 13, 23, 60, 121

Greeks, 15, 35, 69, 107-108, 120 Green World, 54

Groisman, Volodymyr, 155 GUAM, 88

Guevara, Che, 50

Gulag, 53

Habsburg Empire. See Austrian

(Austro-Hungarian) Empire Hasidism, 47 hetman, 29, 33-34, 39

Hetmanate, 31-35

High Anti-Corruption Court, 160 Hiroshima, 54

Hitler, Adolf, 48, 108, 123 Hnatyshyn, Ray, 23 Hollande, Fran§ois, 143-144

Holocaust, 15, 47-48

Holodomor, 43-44

Honcharuk, Oleksii, 175 Hrushevsky, Mykhailo, 42, 185n1

Hug, Alexander, 148-149

Hughes, John, 121

Hungarians, 15, 37

Hungary, 11, 13, 20-21, 24, 27, 37 Huns, 108

Hussein, Saddam, 81

Ilovaisk, 132 indigenization policy, 42, 109. See also

Ukrainization

International Monetary Fund (IMF), 73, 152-153, 160, 163, 169-170,177

International Movement of the

Donbas, 125

International Republican

Institute, 102

Interpol, 101

Iran, 182

Iraq, 81

Israel, 16, 48, 61

Italians, 35, 107-108

Japan, 140

Jaresko, Natalie, 153

Javelin anti-tank missile, 136,

163-164

Jews, 15-16, 22, 25, 29, 31, 35, 40, 42, 44, 47-48, 53, 172

Kazakhstan, 43, 58

Kerch, Strait of, 119, 141, 157, 171

Kerch Bridge, 119, 141

Kerry, John, 169

Kharkiv, 41, 92, 99, 101, 107, 122-123, 126-128, 150

Kherson province, 104 Khmelnytsky, Bohdan, 30-32, 45, 66 Khreshchatyk Boulevard (in Kyiv),

4-5, 83

Khrushchev, Nikita, 46, 110-111, 123 Klitschko, Vitalii, 96, 149-150 Kolchuga radar system, 82 Kolomoisky, Ihor, 71, 131, 175-177 Konstantinov, Vladimir, 117

Kosovo, 61

Kravchuk, Leonid, 61, 63-64, 66, 68

Kryvorizhstal steel mill, 87

Kryvyi Rih, 121, 123

Kuala Lumpur, 133

Kuban, 30, 44

Kuchma, Leonid, 5, 61-62, 64, 69, 71-75, 80-82, 85, 87, 93, 98, 142-143,145-146

Kursk, 134

Kurultai, 113

Kvitashvili, Alexander, 153 Kwasniewski, Aleksander, 170

Kyiv, 4-5, 7, 14-15, 24, 27-29, 32-33, 39, 41, 47-48, 53, 65, 67-69, 77, 78, 80, 84, 91, 92, 96, 98-101, 107, 112, 116-117, 125, 127, 138, 149, 164, 177, 179

Kyivan Rus, 24-28, 45, 65, 120

Kyoto Protocol, 91

Kyrgyzstan, 58

Ladoga, 28

language issue, 10, 18, 22, 24-25, 27, 33, 37, 42, 52, 63-65, 83, 93-94, 106-107, 121, 124, 127, 157, 158, 172.

Latvia, 11, 58

Lenin, Vladimir, 26, 40, 52-53, 122

Lenin statues, 4, 51, 127, 134

Leshchenko, Serhii, 165-167

Libya, 11, 182

Lithuania, 11, 58, 86

Little Russia, 32, 35, 107

Little Russian Collegium, 34

“Little Russians," 17-18, 34

Lucas, Edward, 181

Luhansk, 121, 128-129, 132, 134, 136

Luhansk People's Republic, 107, 123, 129, 144

Luhansk province, 8-9, 104-105, 120,

128-129

Lutsenko, Yuri, 91-92,178-179

Lviv, 25, 36, 49, 151, 173

MacKinnon, Mark, 181

Magdeburg Law, 25

Maidan, 4-6, 8, 78, 83-84, 93, 95-101,

103, 126, 131, 152, 169, 176

Maidan Self-Defense, 100

Makhno, Nestor, 39-40

Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 shooting, 133-135

Manafort, Paul, 166-168, 180, 183

Manitoba, 23

MANPAD missiles, 133

Marinka, 135

Mariupol, 132, 157

Markarova, Oksana, 175

Mazepa, Ivan, 32-34, 48

McCain, John, 169

Mejlis, 113, 118-119

Melnychenko, Mykola, 80

Melnyk, Andrii, 49

Mennonites, 16, 35, 40, 107

Merkel, Angela, 143-144

Meshkov, Yuri, 112-113

Mezhyhiria, 100

Minsk, 133, 141

first Minsk agreement, 141-143, 153,162

second Minsk agreement, 135, 141, 143-145, 147, 153-155, 162

Moldavia, principality of, 24, 36

Moldova, 13, 88, 130, 181

Moldovans, 15

Mongols, 28, 65, 108

Moroz, Oleksandr, 80

Moscow, 24, 27, 53, 56-57, 59, 65, 101, 111, 131

Moscow province, 121

Munich, 50

Musaieva, Sevgil, 165

Muscovy, 24-25, 31-32, 65

Muslims, 28, 67, 109

Naftohaz, 92

National Anti-Corruption Bureau, 159-160,166-168,170-171

National Democratic Institute for International Affairs, 102 national identity, xv, 16-18, 21, 31, 49, 62-65, 86, 109

National Security and Defense Council, 87, 158, 172 nationalism, 8-10, 16-17, 23, 28, 33, 35, 40, 42, 45, 47, 63, 86, 106, 110, 112-113, 125, 138, 173 nationalism, radical Ukrainian, 20, 44, 47-52, 83, 95-97, 150, 152,

156. See also radical right, Ukrainian

NATO, 6, 10-11, 13, 62, 115, 130, 136 Partnership for Peace program, 62

Nayem, Mustafa, 95

Nazis, 23, 45-50, 108-109.

neo-Nazis, 95, 101, 117, 131 Netherlands, 48, 134

“New Russia," 106-107, 123, 129, 132 New York, 23

Nicholas I, emperor, 35 Nishchuk, Yevhen, 152 Nord Stream 2, 142

Normandy, 142 “Normandy format," 142-143, 145­146. See also Normandy Four

Normandy Four, 145-147, 176 Normans, 26

North Korea, 7 Northern War, 33

Norway, 27 Novgorod, 28

Nuclear Non-Proliferation

Treaty, 60-61 nuclear weapons, 1-2, 59-61

Obama, Barak, 3, 163

Odesa, 35, 114, 118, 126, 127 clashes in, 10, 127

Okhendovsky, Mykhailo, 166 Old Church Slavonic, 24, 27 oligarchs, 69-71, 73, 75, 78, 80-82, 84, 87, 89, 93-94, 102, 116, 117, 125-126, 131, 138, 154, 166, 170, 172, 175, 177

Opposition Bloc, 151 Opposition Platform, 174 Orange Revolution, 2, 5-6, 8, 11, 23, 71, 73, 75, 78-80, 82-86, 98-99, 101-103,147

Russian reaction to, 8, 11, 88, 102­103,181-182

Western involvement in, 2-3, 11, 79, 83, 101-103

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), 142-143, 146, 147-149

Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), 49, 96­99. See also Bandera, Stepan; Banderites; Melnyk, Andrii; Ukrainian Insurgent Army Orthodox Christianity, 19-20, 27, 29­31, 33, 37, 65-68, 182. See also Orthodox Church of Ukraine; Russian Orthodox Church; Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church; Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Kyiv Patriarchate); Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)

Orthodox Church of Ukraine, 68, 156 Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), 142-143,146-149 OSCE. See Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe Ottoman Empire, 24-25, 28-29, 32­33, 36, 65, 107-109, 120

OUN. See Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists

Our Ukraine, 81-83, 87, 89-90

Pale of Settlement, 35

Paris, 176

Parnas, Lev, 178-179

Party of Regions, 6-7, 9, 22, 79, 82-83, 86-87, 89-90, 94, 98-101, 105, 113, 116, 117, 125, 128, 149-151, 164-166,168

People's Front, 151, 153-155

Pereiaslav, 32

Pereiaslav Treaty, 30-32, 111

Perekop Isthmus, 110

Perry, Rick, 179

Peter I, tsar, 33-34

Petro Poroshenko Bloc, 150-155, 174

Philadelphia, 22, 23

Pinchuk, Viktor, 71, 87

Pittsburgh, 22 pogroms, 23, 40, 47

Poland, 11, 13, 17, 20, 25, 29-33, 35-36, 39-42, 45-49, 51, 86, 99, 136, 164, 170. See also Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Poles, 15-16, 31, 36-37, 44, 49-50 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 14, 24-25, 29, 31-32, 65-66

Poltava, battle of, 33

Pora, 83, 102

Poroshenko, Petro, 61, 68, 70-71,

81, 87-88, 136-137, 143, 145-146, 149-162, 165, 167, 169-176,178-179. See also Petro Poroshenko Bloc

POWs, 47-48, 143

Privat Bank, 177

Protestants, 67

Provisional Government, 38, 41 ProZorro reporting system, 158 Pushkin, Alexander, 34

Putin, Vladimir, 810-11, 22, 26, 28,

79, 82, 86, 88, 91, 98, 100, 102, 105-108, 114, 117-119, 126, 129, 137, 141, 143, 146-147, 175-176, 181-183

Rabynovych, Vadym, 174

Radical Party, 153

radical right, Ukrainian, 10, 95-97.

See also Freedom Party;

Right Sector

Rapid Trident military exercises, 164 Red Army (Reds), 39, 43, 45-50, 110 refugees, 138

Republican Party (in the US), 2, 169 Revolution of 1905, 36

Revolution of Dignity, 6, 168. See also

EuroMaidan Revolution

Revolution on the Granite, 5

Right Sector, 96-97, 99-100, 127, 131, 150-151

Righteous Among the Nations, 48 Riurik, 28

Riurikid dynasty, 28

Romania, 13, 20, 24-25, 37, 40, 45-46 Romanians, 15, 37

Romanov Empire. See

Russian Empire

Rose Revolution, 181

Rostov-on-the-Don, 101

Rotenberg, Arkadii, 119 Rozumovsky, Kyrylo, 34 Rukh, 54, 125

Rus, 17, 24-29, 45

Russia (Russian Federation), 1-3,

6-8, 10-12, 13, 18-22, 26, 28, 37,

39-40, 43, 44, 48, 50-51, 56-62,

64-65, 69, 71, 74-77, 78-79,

82, 85-93, 95, 97-98, 101-107, 112-119,126, 128-130, 132-138, 140-152,156-157,161-164, 167-168, 171-172, 174, 176, 180-184

aims in Ukraine, 3, 6, 8-9, 59, 95,

97, 106, 126, 129-130, 150 public opinion in, 6-8, 95, 97, 101, 105, 117, 126

Russian Empire, 7-8, 14, 17-18, 21-22,

25, 30-38, 39, 41-42, 46, 66, 107, 109, 120-121, 123

Russian Orthodox Church,

33-37,65-67 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist

Republic (Russian SFSR), 7, 21, 24-25, 39-40, 50, 56-57, 62, 104, 109-111,121-122

Russian speakers (Russophones), xv,

5, 8-10, 18-19, 21-22, 49, 52, 87, 105-106, 116, 120, 122, 124-126, 149, 172, 178

“Russian World," 126 Russians, ethnic, 4, 6-7, 15-19, 21, 26,

35-36, 43, 49, 57, 104-107, 109-110, 116, 120, 121, 129 Rusyny, 17 Ruthenians, 17, 36-37

Saakishvili, Mikheil, 88 Sahaidachny, Petro, 29 Sakharov, Andrei, 52 samvydav, 52-53 sanctions, 7-8, 11, 119, 129-130,

140-141, 150, 164, 181 Sarmatians, 108 Saskatchewan, 23 Satsiuk, Volodymyr, 84-85 Scythians, 108 Sea Breeze military exercises, 164 Sea of Azov, 132, 157 Self-Reliance Party, 151, 153 Serbia, 11, 102 Serbs, 16, 27, 120 serfdom, 28 Servant of the People party, 173-174 Servant of the People television

show, 172 Sevastopol, 7, 62, 92, 105, 111-112,

114, 115, 117-118 Shevchenko, Taras, 35, 97 Shmyhal, Denys, 175 Shokin, Viktor, 170-171, 178 Siberia, 22 Simferopol, 108, 112, 117 Skoropadsky, Pavlo, 39

Slovakia, 13, 17

Slovenia, 92

Smishko, Viktor, 84 Socialist Party, 80, 89 Sondland, Gordon, 180

South Africa, 76 Soviet-Nazi Pact, 45-46

Soviet Union, 1, 5, 7-8, 10-11, 16-18,

21, 24-26, 28, 31, 40-47, 52-54,

59, 63, 66, 68, 72, 75, 106-107, 111-114,168,181-182 disintegration of, 26, 56-59, 111-114 Spain, 180

Specialized Anti-Corruption

Prosecutor's Office,

159-160, 169

SS, 48

SS Galicia Division, 50 St. Michael's Golden-Domed

Cathedral (in Kyiv), 67 Stalin, Joseph, 16, 23, 40, 42-46, 49,

105, 108-110, 121, 123 Stalino. See Donetsk Steinmeier, Frank-Walter,

144-146,176 Steinmeier Formula, 144-146, 176 Stone, Oliver, 103

Strait of Kerch incident, 119, 141,

157, 171

Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, 60 Strelkov (Girkin), Igor, 130-131 Supreme Ruthenian Council, 37 Suprun, Ulana, 156

Svitlodar, 137 Sweden, 33

Switzerland, 85, 148 Syria, 7, 12, 166, 182

Taganrog, 42 Tajikistan, 58

Taras Shevchenko Ukrainian

Language Society, 54 Tatar Legion, 110 Taurida province, 41, 107, 109

Tchaikovsky, Peter, 34

Thorez, Maurice, 134

Titushko, Vadym, 99 titushky, 99, 125

Torez, 133

Toronto, 23

Transcarpathia, 20, 37, 45-46, 66

Transnistria, Republic of, 181 Transparency International, 74, 160

Trepak, Victor, 165-166

Trump, Donald, 3, 163, 166-167, 171, 178-180,181,182-184 impeachment of, 181 phone call with Zelensky, 169-170, 178, 180

Turchynov, Oleksandr, 101, 127

Turkey, 13, 109

Tyahnybok, Oleh, 150

Tymoshenko, Yulia, 74-75, 81, 87-95, 98, 101, 149-153, 171, 173-174. See also Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc imprisonment of, 91-93, 101, 149

UDAR. See Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform

Ukraine, 1-4, 13, 16-19, 38, 45, 107 borders, 9, 13, 19, 21, 33, 36, 39-42, 45-46, 60, 71, 104, 110, 121-122, 133, 136, 144, 146-148, 151, 154,

161, 163, 176

economy, 14-15, 51, 68-72, 74,

88, 93-94, 98, 104, 124, 152,

162, 177

ethnic composition, 15-17 foreign policy, 61-63, 78, 88, 175-176

geography, 12 independent statehood, 16, 24, 30,

41, 49, 55, 63-64, 123, 144 military, 59, 62, 85, 97, 113, 117,

129-133, 135-137, 143, 153, 154, 163-164

national identity, xv, 16-19, 21, 31, 49, 62-64, 86, 109

Ukraine (cont.)

natural resources, 14, 72 population, 15-16 regions, 6, 14-16, 19-22, 25, 35-36, 45-46, 51, 63, 65, 79, 86, 94, 104-106

trade, 8, 14, 58, 62, 69-70, 75, 94-95, 161-162

Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC), 66-68

Ukrainian Catholic Church.

See Ukrainian Greek

Catholic Church

Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform (UDAR), 96, 149-150

Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (Uniate Church, Ukrainian Catholic Church), 19-20, 25, 27, 29, 35, 37, 65-66

Ukrainian Helsinki Group, 53

Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), 20, 48-52

Ukrainian language, 18, 21-22, 27, 34, 37, 52, 54, 63, 83, 158, 172. See also assimilation; language issue

Ukrainian Military Organization, 49

Ukrainian national movement, 20, 37-38, 40, 47, 66

Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC) (Kyiv Patriarchate), 67-68

Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC) (Moscow Patriarchate), 67-68

Ukrainian People's Republic, 38-39, 41, 121

Ukrainian Security Service (SBU), 80, 84-85, 137, 165

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainian SSR), 7, 16-18, 24-25, 39-41-47, 52, 56, 66, 110-112, 122, 124

Ukrainians, ethnic, 9, 15-21, 25, 30-31, 34-38, 39,41-42,44-46, 48, 51-52, 63-64, 66, 105, 110, 114, 116, 120, 124

Ukrainization, 42-44, 51, 53,

63-64,123

Uniate Church. See Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church

United Kingdom, 1, 136, 163-164

United Nations (UN), 7, 137

General Assembly, 7

Office for the Coordination of

Humanitarian Affairs, 137

United Russia Party, 130

United States, 1-4, 11, 20, 22-23, 44,

60-61, 76, 89, 140-142, 147, 166-168,180-184

military assistance to Ukraine, 136, 162-164

policy towards Ukraine, 1-4,

60-61, 81, 89, 162-164, 168-170, 180, 182

presidential election (2016), 164-168,178-179,180,182-183 UPA. See Ukrainian Insurgent Army USAID, 102

Uzbekistan, 120

Vakarchuk, Sviatoslav, 174

Varangians, 26

Vatican, 66

Venezuela, 7, 12, 182

Venice, 108

Vietnam War, 84

Vladimir-Suzdal Principality, 27

Voice, political party, 174

Volhynia, 50

Volker, Kurt, 180

Volodymyr, metropolitan, 67

Volodymyr the Saint, prince, 27 volunteer battalions, Ukrainian, 19,

71, 97, 107, 131, 135-136, 145, 151, 155

Voroshilov, Kliment, 123

West, 1-5, 8, 10-12, 16, 19-21, 23, 48,

55,61-63, 73-74, 78-79,81-85,

87, 91-93, 101-103, 119, 129-130, 133, 136, 140-143, 145-150, 153, 155-161,163-164,169-170,173, 175-177,179,181-184

Western Ukrainian People's Republic, 39, 45

Whites (in the Russian civil war), 39-40, 109, 132

Winnipeg, 23

World Bank, 163

World War I, 15-16, 22, 36, 38

World War II, 7-8, 15-16, 20, 23, 46-49, 51, 66, 105, 108, 114-115, 123

Nazi occupation of Ukraine

in, 47-48

Ukraine's losses in, 47-48

Yanukovych, Viktor, 6-9, 19, 59, 70-72, 74,78-79,82-83,85-86,89-91, 93-103,105-106,115-116,125­126, 149, 161, 164, 165-168, 170 during and after the EuroMaidan

Revolution, 93-106, 115, 125, 164

Yarosh, Dmytro, 97, 100, 150

Yaroslav, prince, 27

Yatseniuk, Arsenii, 94, 150-154, 161

Yavoriv training field, 136, 164

Yekhanurov, Yurii, 88

Yeltsin, Boris, 10, 56-58, 61-62, 113

Yermak, Andrii, 179-180 Yovanovitch, Marie, 169, 179

Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (BYuT), 87, 89-90, 94

Yushchenko, Viktor, 5, 56, 59,

73-74,81-90 poisoning of, 5, 84-85

Yuzivka. See Donetsk

Zaporizhia, 51

Zaporizhia province, 104

Zaporozhian Sich, 30, 35

Zboriv, treaty of, 31

Zelensky, Volodymyr, 146, 169-181

Zhvaniia, David, 84-85