Introduction
Limiting the spread of HIV relies on health promotion activities to encourage and help sustain behavioural changes that reduce the risk of acquiring or transmitting the virus. Despite advances, the prospect of a widely available effective vaccine remains some distance off and behavioural interventions are likely to remain the backbone of HIV prevention for the foreseeable future.
Appropriate prevention strategies are required in both developed and developing country settings and must be specific to the cultural, epidemiological and socioeconomic environment of each country. This chapter focuses on HIV prevention strategies in the UK although some of the principles outlined are generalisable to other countries (chapter 10). This chapter deals with sexual and parenteral transmission of HIV. The prevention of perinatal transmission is addressed in chapter 12.
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