Contents

Muscle Tissue Overview 1 80

Introduction 180

Properties of Muscles 1 80

Functions of Muscles 1 80

Skeletal Muscle 1 80

ConnectiveTissues 180

Blood Vessels and Nerves 181

Skeletal Muscle Fibers 1 81

Myofibrils 182

SarcoplasmicReticuIum 182

Sarcomeres 183

Contraction of Skeletal Muscle 1 85

NeuromuscuIarJunction 185

Pharmacology of the Neuromuscular Junction 1 86

Excitation-Contraction Coupling 186

SIidingFiIamentTheory 188

Rigor Mortis 1 89

Summary of Skeletal Muscle Contraction 1 89

Length-TensionReIationships 189

AMuscIeTwitch 190

Treppe 190

Summation 190

MuscIeTone 191

Isometric versus Isotonic Contraction 191

Muscle Relaxation or Return to Resting Length 192

Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle 192

AerobicMechanism 193

CreatinePhosphate 193

AnaerobicMechanism 193

Muscle Fatigue and Oxygen Consumption 194

HeatProduction 194

Types of Muscle Fibers 194

Effects of Exercise on Muscles 194

CardiacMuscIe 195

Cardiac versus Skeletal Muscle Cells 196

FunctionaICharacteristics 196

SmoothMuscIe 196

Structure 196

Types of Smooth Muscle 196

Neural Innervation of Smooth Muscle 197

Contraction of Smooth Muscle 197

Muscle System 198

NamingMuscIes 198

ArrangementsofFascicIes 199

Muscles as Levers 199

Muscle Terminology 200

Major Skeletal Muscles 201

Muscles of the Head and Neck 202

Muscles of the Pectoral Limb and Lateral

Thorax 204

Muscles of the Pelvic Limb and Body Wall 207

Stay Apparatus of a Horse 210

ChapterSummary 211