Contents
| Embryonic Development | 241 | Mesencephalon | 251 |
| Three Brain Vesicles | 243 | Metencephalon | 252 |
| Organization of the Brain | 243 | Medulla Oblongata | 253 |
| The Cerebral Hemispheres | 243 | Functional Systems | 254 |
| Ventricles of the Brain | 245 | Cranial Nerves | 257 |
| Cerebral Cortex | 246 | Organization of the Spinal Cord | 258 |
| Motor Areas | 247 | Protection of the Central Nervous System | 260 |
| Sensory Areas | 247 | Meninges | 260 |
| Cerebral White Matter | 247 | Cerebrospinal Fluid | 260 |
| Diencephalon | 249 | Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) | 261 |
| Thalamus | 249 | Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier | 261 |
| Hypothalamus | 249 | Chapter Summary | 261 |
| Epithalamus | 251 |
The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord. One of the major factors distinguishing animals into different classes is the degree of development of the brain that has occurred during evolution.
This process, called cephalization, has resulted in an increase in size and complexity of the rostral, or front, portion of the brain.
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