Control of Paratuberculosis in Wildlife
Reduction in wildlife populations is a common method for the control of livestock infections that have wildlife hosts; its success is dependent on the characteristics of the infection, as well as on the spatial and social structure of the wildlife host.
Few studies have considered wildlife population reduction to control paratuberculosis. However, a modelling study suggests that unrealistically high rabbit culls (>95% population reduction) are needed if infection is to be eradicated from local rabbit populations with a single population reduction event, of either individuals or social groups (Davidson et al., 2009). Repeated annual culls are more effective at reducing the prevalence of infection in rabbit populations and eradicating infection. However, annual population reductions of >40% are required over extended periods of time (many years). Thus, this model predicts that MAP will persist in rabbit populations without significant and prolonged effort to achieve control (Davidson et al., 2009). Currently, MAP-infected rabbit populations may be considered relatively uncommon in the UK and around the world. However, given the ubiquitous distribution of the European rabbit in the UK and New Zealand and the likely persistence of infection in rabbit populations, the use of repeated control strategies over extended time periods may be advisable. Where possible these should be conducted across farms at the landscape scale via landowner cooperation. In settings where other non-ruminant hosts are documented to be infected with MAP, similar considerations may apply.15.4
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