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Escherichia coli inhabits the large intestine and distal ileum of most vertebrate species.

The majority of the strains are of low virulence and may cause opportunistic infections, whereas certain strains are of high pathogenicity and may cause a variety of intestinal, septicaemic and extra-intestinal diseases, which have been most intensively studied in food-producing animals.

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Source: Gavier-Widen D., Meredith A., Duff Paul J. (eds.). Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals and Birds in Europe. London: Wiley-Blackwell,2012. — 568 p.. 2012
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