Post-mortal Diagnosis of BTB in Nigerian Abattoirs
Bovine-TB has been reported from several abattoirs; hence, regular and effective meat inspection remains the cornerstone for BTB prevention and control in Nigeria. However, due to poor infrastructure, the shortage of and inadequately trained personnel, coupled with illicit slaughtering, effective meat inspection is seldom conducted in Nigeria.
Thus, more often than not, BTB data are non-existent or incomplete. Again, because of the lack of knowledge about BTB, the high levels of illiteracy, and poverty, Nigerian butchers continue to buy obviously diseased animals for slaughter, which worsens the zoonotic risk and transmission of the disease. Another key hindrance is the butchers’ general unwillingness, because they are not compensated for condemned carcasses and, hence, perceive condemnation as a huge economic loss, to cooperate with meat inspectors, as they are likely to hide BTB-infected carcasses to avoid them from being confiscated.Table 17.3 Reports of other ancillary/molecular methods for the confirmation of BTB in Nigerian abattoirs (Alhaji 1976; Idrisu and Schnurrenberger 1977; Cadmus et al. 2008, 2009, 2011; Ofukwu et al. 2008; Damina et al. 2011; Ejeh et al. 2014c; Okeke et al. 2014)
| Location/ region | Type of specimen | Sample size | Diagnostic method | No. of isolates |
| Northern states | Milk | 10 | Culture/biochemical | 2 (M. tuberculosis and M. africanum) |
| Northern states | Sputum | 15 | Culture/biochemical | 10 (8 M. tuberculosis, 1 M. bovis, 1 M. africanum) |
| Northern states | Milk | 10 | Culture/biochemical | 10 mycobacteria |
| Southwestern state | Milk and lesion | 130 | Culture/biochemical | 26 (9 M. tuberculosis, 15 M. bovis, and 2 M. africanum) |
| Northern state | Milk | 34 | Culture/biochemical | 7 (6 M. bovis and 1 M. africanum) |
| Southwestern state | Lesion | 1387 | PM, deletion, and spoligotyping | 5 (4 M. bovis and 1 M. tuberculosis) |
| Northern state | Lesion | 3381 | PM, ZN, and deletion analysis | 115 (107 M. bovis, 6 M. tuberculosis, and 2 M. africanum |
| Southwestern state | Lesion and milk | 180 | Deletion analysis, spoligotyping, and VNTR | 180 (178 M. bovis, 1 M. tuberculosis, and 1 M. africanum) |
| Northern state | Lesion | 248 | PM and ZN | - |
| Northern state | Lesion | 485 | ZN and PCR | - |
17.6
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