Retrobulbar space
The retrobulbar space lies caudal to the globe and contains the zygomatic salivary gland, masticatory and extraocular muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and the lacrimal gland (Winer et al., 2018).
Due to the close proximity of these structures to the globe, primary retrobulbar pathology commonly causes ocular signs such as exophthalmos. Inflammatory or neoplastic lesions involving adjacent tissues such as the nasal cavity or sinus can also extend into the retrobulbar space. Cytology of retrobulbar lesions can aid in the diagnosis of inflammation and bacterial or fungal infections (Walton et al., 2015; Winer et al., 2018). Common neoplastic retrobulbar lesions in dogs include meningioma, lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, and sarcoma (Coall et al., 2022). Retrobulbar tumors in cats are overwhelmingly malignant, with the most common cytologic diagnosis of lymphoma (often secondary to extension from the nasal cavity) or carcinoma (Jones et al., 2022).
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- References
- Barger A.M., MacNeill A.L. (Eds.). Small Animal Cytologic Diagnosis: Canine and Feline Disease. CRC Press,2024. — 536 p., 2024
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