Ureters and urethra
The ureters are lined by urothelium, making urothelial carcinoma a possible but very rare diagnosis in this location. Ureteral fibroepithelial polyps have also rarely been reported (Etzioni et al., 2020).
The urethra is lined by urothelium proximally and squamous epithelium distally. Urethral UC (sometimes extending from the bladder), squamous cell carcinoma, and leiomyomas have been reported (Knapp & McMillan, 2010) with morphologies described earlier in this chapter and elsewhere in this textbook (Figure 10.68). Urethritis has also been reported, both in isolation and associated with cystitis (Hostutler et al., 2004). 
Figure 10.68 Urothelial carcinoma originating in the urethra and extending into the vagina of a female dog. A pleomorphic population of neoplastic cells varies from cuboidal to spindle in shape. Multiple eosinophilic globules (Melamed-Wolinska bodies) help suggest a urothelial origin (modified Wright’s, 500? magnification).
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