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Chronology

30,000 BCE Siberian hunters enter North America.
3000 BCE Adena and Hopewell civilizations.
500 BCE Polynesian peoples first settle Hawaiian Islands.
1250 CE Mississippi Valley civilization at its height.
1492 Spain expels Jews and Muslims; Columbus reaches Western Hemisphere.
1513 Spain establishes first Catholic church in Americas at San Juan, Puerto Rico.
1565 St.
Augustine established.
1598–1630 New Mexico missions established.
1607 English Protestants settle Jamestown.
1608 France establishes Quebec.
1619 First Africans arrive in English colonies.
1626 Dutch Reformed establish New Netherland.
1630s Swedish Lutherans establish New Sweden.
1630–42 Puritan migration to New England.
1634 Catholic Calvert family founds Maryland.
1636 Harvard College established; Roger Williams founds Rhode Island.
1639 Roger Williams founds first Baptist church.
c. 1650–1750 French missions in North America.
1654 First Jews arrive at New Amsterdam.
1656 First Quakers arrive in English colonies.
1658 First Jewish congregation in English colonies founded.
1675–76 King Philip’s War destroys John Eliot’s “Praying Indian” villages.
1680 Pueblo Revolt, New Mexico.
1681 William Penn establishes Pennsylvania.
1683 German Lutheran, Reformed, and Mennonite migration to Pennsylvania; Germantown founded.
1687 Eusebio Francisco Kino from New Spain to Arizona.
1691 English government requires religious toleration in Massachusetts; Calvert family overthrown in Maryland.
1701 Church of England founds SPG.
1706 Presbytery of Philadelphia formed.
1707 Philadelphia Baptist Association founded.
1717 Synod of Philadelphia formed.
1719 German Brethren arrive in Germantown.
1720s Early Amish migrations to Pennsylvania.
1730s–60s Great Awakening.
1739–41 George Whitefield tour.
1732 Ephrata community founded.
1735 First Moravians arrive in English colonies.
1742 German Brethren form annual conference.
1746 Presbyterians establish College of New Jersey (Princeton University).
1748 German Lutherans form Ministerium of Pennsylvania.
1750s New England Baptists go South.
1755 Acadians expelled from Nova Scotia, establish “cajun” culture in Louisiana
1756 Quakers renounce control of Pennsylvania government.
1760s Early Methodist societies appear in English colonies.
1763 Pontiac’s uprising.
1768 Jesuits evicted from Spanish Empire.
1769 Junipero Serra from New Spain to California.
1769–1823 California missions established.
1776–1809 Shaker communities proliferate.
1780s Church of England disestablished.
1784 Russian Orthodox arrive at Kodiak Island; Methodist Episcopal Church founded.
1788 Presbyterian Church in the United States of America convenes first General Assembly.
1789 First Catholic diocese in United States established at Baltimore.
1791 First Amendment guarantees religious freedom.
1790s-1830s Second Great Awakening.
1793 German Reformed Church established.
c.
1800
Handsome Lake’s movement.
1801 Cane Ridge revival; Yale revivals; Congregational-Presbyterian “Plan of Union.”
1804 Rappites establish Harmony.
1805–12 Tecumseh and the Shawnee Prophet promotes Indian militance in Ohio Valley and Great Lakes.
1810 Cumberland Presbyterian Church established; ABCFM established.
1816 African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church established.
1818 Opukahaia to New England.
1820 ABCFM missionaries arrive in Hawaii.
1820s-30s Finney revivals.
1821 African Methodist Episcopal Zion (AMEZ) Church founded.
1825 American Unitarian Association established.
1826 American Home Mission Society founded.
1830 Joseph Smith establishes Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.
1830–60 Ashkenazic Jewish immigration.
1831 Nat Turner rebellion.
1832 Black Hawk’s resistance movement; Disciples of Christ established.
1833 Mexican government dissolves California missions; Universalist Church of America founded.
1834 Ivan Veniaminov arrives in Sitka, Alaska.
1836 Transcendental Club formed.
1840 Sitka becomes Russian Orthodox diocese.
1841 Brook Farm formed.
1844 Joseph Smith murdered.
1845 Southern Baptist Convention established; Henry Thoreau to Walden Pond.
1845–60 Irish immigration wave.
1847 Mormons arrive in Utah.
1848 Spiritualism emerges; Oneida community founded.
1850s Smohalla’s movement.
1853 Chinese immigrants establish first Buddhist temple.
1854 Amana colony established.
1867 Russian government sells Alaska to United States; National Camp Meeting Association for the Promotion of Holiness founded.
1870 Colored (later Christian) Methodist Episcopal (CME) founded.
c. 1870 Peyote religion appears in United States; Wodziwob’s movement.
1873 Union of American Hebrew Congregations founded.
1875 Theosophical Society founded.
1877 Chief Joseph’s Rebellion.
1879 Church of Christ, Scientist established.
1880 Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) founded.
1880–1920 “New” immigration from eastern and southern Europe, Asia, Near East, Middle East.
1882 Legislation restricting Chinese immigration prompts disappearance of Chinese Buddhist temples.
1889 Wovoka develops Ghost Dance; Jodo Shinshu missionaries arrive in Hawaii.
1890 Massacre at Wounded Knee; Mormon church rejects polygamy.
1890s “New Thought” emerges.
1893 World’s Parliament of Religions brings non-Western religions to America; National Spiritualist Association of Churches founded.
1894 Vedanta Society founded; Baha’i faith arrives in United States.
1895 National Baptist Convention (NBC) founded.
1896 Church of God and Saints of Christ founded.
1897 Polish National Catholic Church founded; Church of God in Christ founded.
1898 Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations in America founded; Jodo Shinshu missionaries arrive in San Francisco.
1899 Buddhist Mission of North America founded.
1901 Pentecostalism emerges.
1905 Russian Orthodox Church transfers diocesan seat to New York City.
1906–09 Azusa Street revival.
1907 Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) founded.
1908 Church of the Nazarene founded; Pope declares United States no longer a mission field of Roman Catholic Church.
1909 First Sikh gurdwara in the United States established.
1911 Pentecostal Holiness Church founded.
1913 Moorish Holy Temple of Science founded; United Synagogue of America (now United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism) founded.
1914 Assemblies of God founded; United Negro Improvement Association founded.
1919 Commandment Keepers Congregation of the Living God founded; World Christian Fundamentals Association founded.
1920s Mexican immigration wave.
1920s-30s Ethnic Eastern Orthodox churches develop.
1921 African Orthodox Church founded.
1922 Greek Archdiocese of North and South America founded; Pilgrim Holiness Church founded.
1925 Self-Realization Fellowship (SRF) founded; Scopes trial.
1929 Nation of Islam founded.
1943 Renewal of Chinese immigration and Chinese Buddhism.
1944 Native American Church established; Buddhist Churches of North America founded.
1949 First Billy Graham crusade held in Los Angeles.
1953 Unification Church founded; Church of Scientology founded.
1959 Unification Church missionaries arrive in United States.
1960 Nichiren Shoshu of America (later Nichiren Shoshu Academy) founded.
1961 San Francisco Zen Center established; Unitarian Universalist Association established.
1965 Malcolm X assassinated.
1965-present “Recent” immigration from Latin America, Asia, Africa, Middle East.
1966 Students’ International Meditation Society founded; International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) founded.
1970 Orthodox Church of America (OCA) founded.
1973 Vajradhatu (Tibetan Buddhist) founded.
1980 American Muslim Mission founded.
1985 American Muslim Mission dissolved.
1990 National Catholic Council for Hispanic Ministry founded.
1995 Greek Archdiocese of United States formed; Million Man March.
1997 Family Federation for World Peace and Unification (USA) founded.

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Source: Carroll Brett. The Routledge Historical Atlas of Religion in America. Routledge,2000. — 144 p.. 2000

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