Index

Page numbers in bold refer to illustrations.

afterlife 36, 40, 135, 230, 314, 317, 320, 327-8, 330, 336

amulet 299-300, 315, 317-18

agriculture see farming

amber 4, 64-6, 68, 114

animal

adder 336, 366

bear 66-7, 327, 334, 359-60, 364, 376-7, 390, 396, 400-401, 405

bird 66, 72-5, 83, 147, 164, 172, 198, 200, 234, 316, 327, 342, 345, 363, 405

boar 39, 331, 336, 340, 347

bull 47-8, 51, 88, 111-12, 127, 170, 195, 234, 250-55

cat 335

chicken 255

cow 84, 158, 200, 234-5, 255, 293, 302, 325-6, 340, 345, 366, 384

crow 363, 369

deer 43, 66, 148, 365

dog 151, 203, 234, 252, 258, 293, 343, 345

donkey 351

eagle 83, 153, 329

elk 66-7

fish 71-6, 143, 172, 303, 380, 400, 404-5

fox 47

frog 363

goat 148, 158, 163, 170, 200, 203, 255, 327, 329-30, 334 goose 88, 255

horse 70-76, 72, 84, 85, 167, 171, 285-6, 296, 299, 309, 314, 340-1, 344, 351, 367-8 leopard 47, 48

lion 124-5, 159, 255, 256, 258, 260

ox 43, 56, 84-8, 165, 211, 301, 309, 330

pig 148, 149, 158, 170, 195, 217, 255, 333, 339

raven 250-56, 369

reindeer 66, 397, 402, 405

salmon 330

scorpion 252, 259

sheep 143-8, 158, 170, 195, 255, 296

snake 70-76, 73, 125-6, 181, 217, 235, 252, 319, 327, 329, 333, 362-3, 366 stag 330

stallion 309, 333

swallow 335

toad 362, 366

vulture 47, 192

weasel 47

whale 66

wolf 159, 162-3, 203, 316

asceticism 263, 266

astrology 154, 231, 236, 242, 252, 256

astronomy 60, 84, 91, 98, 125, 236, 256

auspices see divination

bath 171, 233, 368, 401

bead 16, 33, 64-5, 68,315

beauty 87, 129, 265-8, 276, 280-81, 289, 302, 311, 332, 370

beyond see afterlife

birth 48, 203, 225n, 229, 250, 256, 285-6, 368, 370-71, 376

rebirth 68, 149, 163, 181, 221, 228, 366, 386

blood 40, 68, 151, 203, 225n, 252, 302, 309, 325, 335, 384

menstrual blood 33, 225n, 406

sacrificial blood 171 216, 311, 339-40, 350, 397

boundary 145, 152, 192, 378, 388

bronze 23-5, 24, 71, 84, 87, 160, 163-4, 170, 172, 178-83, 189-90, 197, 222-3 burial

cremation 64-5,158, 162, 307, 314-15, 320, 361, 386

inhumation 64, 68, 158, 313-15, 386

ritual 65, 84, 91, 93, 122, 361, 368, 399

cannibalism 128-9

chant see song

chief, chieftain 80, 83, 86-90, 158, 309, 336, 340

clan 38, 41, 69, 129, 285

coin 4, 177, 178, 188-9, 192, 203, 206, 235, 244, 245, 299

copper 65, 66, 68, 82, 300, 316

creation 232, 252-3, 326, 329

dance 43, 75, 76, 85, 90, 151, 161-2, 204, 316, 348, 364, 368, 370

definition

god 302, 345

religion 1, 263, 373-4, 393-4

sacred 388, 403

demon 253, 302, 342, 345, 346, 347

deposition of artifacts 64-9, 85-7, 109-10, 130, 147-52, 182-9, 295-7, 314, 316, 339, 349, 385 destiny 200, 215, 217, 231, 238, 326, 346, 347

destruction, deliberate, of objects 58-9, 64, 65, 66, 296, 297, 386

divination 136, 140-49, 153, 169, 200, 205, 231, 264, 302, 335-6, 338, 340-44, 361

auspices 179, 192, 198, 200, 307, 312, 382

lot-casting 318, 340-41, 351

oracle 126, 198, 231, 264-5, 351, 353

prodigy 141, 148, 194, 200-201, 204

prophecy 131, 152, 181, 273-4, 307

dream 171, 215-16, 273, 332, 392, 404, 405

dwarf 303, 328, 330

ecstacy 109, 115, 129, 204, 220

entrails 141, 142, 171, 195, 200

eternal life see afterlife

excarnation 52, 64, 65

farming 16-18, 46-8, 63-6, 69, 223, 330, 373

barley 143, 319, 381

corn 218, 229

crop 201-2, 319, 330, 349, 367, 386

farm, farmer 165, 182, 201-2, 223, 285, 335, 367-8, 370, 383

harvest 182, 217, 319, 327-8, 333, 335, 339, 343, 370, 381-4

peasant 211, 328-30, 334, 362, 370, 377, 380

ploughing 141, 142, 145, 165, 192, 347, 379

sowing 328, 333, 379, 381, 383-4

wheat 164, 229, 319, 339, 346

fate 133-4, 142, 210, 213-15, 231, 293, 303, 305, 361, 369-70, 379

figurine 30-32, 47, 53-62, 183

fire 65, 84, 201, 259, 363, 366, 384

burnt offering 136, 148, 195, 214, 216, 324, 339, 361-2

food 249

apple 314

beans 200

bread 144, 253, 254, 255, 343, 349

cheese 368

egg 255, 314, 380

fruit 143, 293

honey 88, 195, 341

meat 39, 296, 314, 344, 397, 400-401

milk 195, 203, 362, 366, 397

nut 314

oyster 314

gender 152, 194, 311, 314, 334, 394-5, 394, 398, 403

ambivalent 152, 406

ghost 217, 334, 337

giant 132, 325-7, 329-33, 381, 388

gold 331

myth 90, 214, 222-3, 331, 379

artifact 25, 84 110, 114, 119, 130, 144, 149, 152, 172, 212, 250, 280, 298, 299, 316, 345 good (and bad/evil) 38, 222, 223, 243, 267

head 288, 325

many heads 316, 347-9

skull of bear 376-7

skull of bull 56, 296, 309

skull of horse 296, 336

skull of human 47, 109, 171, 288, 315, 329

health, healer 136, 149-50, 178, 181, 233, 319, 335, 374, 376

hermaphrodite 200, 326

horn, horned 47, 70, 83, 88, 108-10, 168, 197, 235, 303, 341, 374

hybrid 66, 67, 69, 97

griffin 108, 159, 189

sphinx 159, 163, 234

initiation 41-2, 90, 162, 177, 212-13, 217-19, 230-31, 235, 245-7, 253-6, 267, 273 iron 25, 375, 378, 384-5

jewellery 114, 149, 280, 295, 299, 314, 331, 400, 401

king, kingship 80, 84, 89-91, 115, 153, 198, 228, 283-4, 287, 300, 308-9, 327-9, 335-7, 340

landscape 26-7, 40-41, 68, 111, 284, 313, 354, 398, 403-5

libation 83, 111, 115, 121, 148, 151, 158, 159

luck 238n, 311, 330, 370, 382, 386, 402

magic 168, 228, 252, 299, 302, 328-9, 331, 335-6, 345, 350, 366, 374, 384

incantation 43, 181, 302, 376, 378, 382

marble 26, 53, 150, 188, 213

marriage 200, 287, 330, 334, 362, 377, 384, 399

hierogamy 84, 159, 216

meditation 265

miracle 251, 339

monster 214, 283, 303, 312, 326, 332-3

dragon 221, 312, 326

morality 37, 38, 137, 142, 153, 223, 264-7, 308, 362, 385

music 24, 43, 87, 114, 140, 204

drum 204, 395, 396, 402, 403, 406-7

lur 75, 83, 85, 87

lyre 316

name 69, 82, 116, 133, 147, 316-17, 377, 405-6

name-giving ritual 69, 82, 310, 334, 400

ochre 33, 39, 68, 69, 374 omniscience 211, 287

penance 233, 311, 318 phallus see sex, sexuality pollution 320, 343 pregnancy 285, 331, 384, 392, 405 procession 75, 110, 111, 115, 140, 162, 192, 204, 219, 234, 293 prostitution 149, 202 puberty 162, 334, 395, 399 purification 114, 150, 179, 195, 203, 212, 218, 233, 318, 369, 377, 384, 401

queen 84, 112, 216, 231-2, 285, 287

underworld 132, 215, 332

rebirth see birth

rock art 16, 18, 25-8, 26, 41-3, 66-8, 67, 76, 77-9, 83-5, 94, 97, 374

sacrifice

horse 166, 351

human 58, 128, 134, 177, 298

salvation 212-13, 215, 230, 242, 252, 253 scapegoat 334-5 seal 84, 103, 108, 108, 109, 109, 114, 124, 125 secrecy 25, 176, 216-17, 219, 253, 293, 349, 376, 395 seer, seeress 146, 329, 335 sex, sexuality 28, 83, 217, 218, 267, 275, 285, 294, 328, 369, 383, 405 ambivalent 28, 333, 406 bisexuality 333 chastity 201, 202, 233 eroticism 126, 210, 331 incest 275, 328, 332 intercourse 233, 369

sexual characteristics 294

breast 40, 47

phallus 83, 330

vagina 33, 40, 225n

vulva 383

shamanism 34, 43-4, 51, 67, 68, 98, 220, 318, 319, 374-5, 379 shape-shifting 85, 252, 327, 329

silver 130, 159, 160, 162-3, 222-3, 283, 292, 298, 343, 345

smith 25, 131, 273, 315, 316, 331, 369, 379, 384-5

song 143, 209, 213, 335, 360, 362-4, 368-70, 378

chant 145, 400, 404, 406-7

sorcery 181, 318, 321, 396

witchcraft 318, 319, 320, 321, 382 spirituality 22, 28, 44, 68, 263, 402

taboo 63, 199, 216, 219, 309, 314, 346, 363, 374, 377 trance 318, 374, 376 treasury 136, 149, 342, 353

tree 110, 159, 167, 300, 301, 313, 318, 326, 353, 362, 368, 380-81

alder 401-2, 405-6

ash 327

birch 368

linden 366

oak 84, 361, 362, 366

pine 256, 377