Index

Abed, Fazle Hasan, 23

Accion International, 12, 96, 143

ADESCO, 104

Aga Khan Foundation, 9, 147 agriculture, 73-79 passim, 99,

105, 121, 138-141

Ahorro Comunitario (CCR),

98-105

Ahouissoussi, Paul, 89

Aleman, Sonia, 105

Allen, Hugh, 83

Alvarenga, Ana Margarita, 103

Ambler, John, 139 animators

accountability of, 139-140 limits of, 90-91 replicating agents and, 49,

9^1-9²

skills of, 84-85

teams and, 16, 20-21, 45-47,

88-92

Arora, Sukhwinder, 13

Aryal, Achyut Hari, 60

ASECSA, 109-110, 112

Asia Foundation, 55, 61

Asociacion de Desarollo

Communal (ADESCO), 104

Asociacion de Servicios Comunitarios de Salud (ASECSA), 109-110, 112

Association for Community Development (ADESCO), 104

Association of Communities for Development in Chalatenango (CCR), 98-105

Association of Community Health Services (ASECSA), 109-110, 112

Ayala Meija, Blanca Miriam, 102

Bagayoga, Fatoumata, 93

Banking on SHGs (Tankha), 65

BARA (Bureau of Applied

Research in Anthropology), 119-127 passim, 133 bavois, marc, 84

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 9, 119

Biteye, Mamadou, 73, 76-82 passim, 123, 130, 151

BRAC, 23

Bunch, Roland, 138-139

Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology (BARA), 119-127 passim, 133

The Business Solution to Poverty (Polak and Warwick), 144 cadenas, 12

CAEB (Conseil et Appui pour !’Education a la Base), 82, ⁸9^, 155

CARE, 9, 15, 77, 145, 147

Village Savings and Loan Associations and, 25-26, 67-68, 71-72, 83, 87

Caritas, 98-99, ιoι, 103.

Castro, Eleazar Timotea, no

Catholic Relief Services (CRS), 9, 64-65, 83, 145-7. See also Caritas

CCR (Coordinadora de Comunidades para el Desarrollo de Chalatenango), 98-105, 157

Center for Gender and RefUgee Studies (CGRS), in

CGRS (Center for Gender and Refugee Studies), iii

chit funds, i2

Chocooj, Carmelina, 112, 113

Community Savings (Ahorro Comunitario), 98-105

CONDEMAV (Confederacion de Mujeres de Alta Verapaz), 113, 115

Confederacion de Mujeres de Alta Verapaz (CONDEMAV), 113, 115

Confederation of Women

of Alta Verapaz (CONDEMAV), 113, 115

Conseil et Appui pour l’Education a la Base (CAEB), 82, 89, 155

Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere.

Coordinadora de Comunidades para el Desarrollo de Chalatenango (CCR), 9^8-1^o5^, 157

Coulibaly, Basenji, 92

Coulibaly, Lamine, 88, 92

Coulibaly, Marianne, 18

Coulibaly, Salimata, 19-21, 24 Counsel and Advice for

Education for All (CAEB), 82, 89

Credit with Education, 83

CRS (Catholic Relief Services),

9, 64-65, 83, 145-7. See also Caritas

development

adult education and, 83-84 agriculture and, 138-140 gender and, 130-133 principles of, 4-5, 23-28, 136-140

savings group model of, 6-9, 141, 143-146, 148

spending on, 6-7, 148

standards for, 26-27

Village Savings and Loan

Association model of, 67-68

water and, 136

Diakite, Bassa, 128

Diallo, Boubacar, 77

dikutis, 61

Edwards, Roanne, 128-130

Eknes, Moira, 9, 67

El Salvador

agriculture in, 98-99 inequality in, 96-97 organizing in, 97-101 politics of, 105-107 promotoras, 101-103 empowerment

adult education and, 82, 91 development and, ιι material needs and, 103, 106 participation and, 84, 88, 9^0-91

savings groups and, 95, 107,

109-117, 137

women and, 52-55, 58, 109, 126, 132-135 (see also women)

equibs, 12

financial institutions, 2, 8, 16,

59, 69. See also microfinance institutions

Francoise, Edouine, 77, 151

Freedom from Hunger cost reductions by, 147-148 expertise of, 82-83 health programs, 46, 137 program assessment, 17, 119, 145-146

savings group curriculum, 83-84, 91

Garzon, Elena, 113

gender equality, 74-76, 109­116, 127, 130-133. See also women

Guardado, Carmen Fabian, 99-101, 106

Guatemala

inequality in, 107-109 savings groups in, 113-116, 146

war in, 107-108 women’s rights, 109-116

Hamadziripi, Alfred, 25, 68, 71

Hernandez, Catalina, 115

HIV/AIDS, 68, 71

human traffickers, 55

IEPADES (Instituto de Ense- nanza para el Desarrollo Sostenible), 110

India, 63-67, 88, 137 inequality, 74, 96-97, 107-109,

132

inflation, 6, 68-70, 72, 145

Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA), 119-120, 122, 125­¹²7^{, i}33

Instituto de Ensenanza para el Desarrollo Sostenible (IEPADES), 110

Inter-American Development Bank, 9

Kapufuma Ishungo, 68, 71-72

Lappe, Frances Moore, 9

Le Tonus, 82, 89

Lisa, 54, 57-58 literacy, 20, 56, 72, 86-87 loans

microfinance, 10, 13, 54, 58, 61-62, 89

repaying, 80, 86-88, 118 savings groups, 2-4, 6-8,

10, 12 self-help groups and, 65-67 Village Savings and Loan

Associations, 68-70

Mali

agriculture, 73-76, 121-125 savings groups, 15-21, 80-82 tontines, 76, 78-79, 81 women in, 74-80, 127-133

Maravilla, Milagro, 99, 101-102 MasterCard Foundation, 9

Mata Masu Dubara, 77

Mayoux, Linda, 62 Mazariegos, Angelica, 109-110 merry-go-rounds, 12

MFIs. See microfinance institutions

Microcredit Summit, 65 microfinance

growth in, 10-11, 143 institutions (MFIs), 12, 54, 58-62, 82, 89, 119

savings groups and, 2-3, 10-15, 44, 86

self-help groups and, 64-65, 67

USAID and, 61

Woman’s Empowerment

Groups and, 53, 58-63 Mugabe, Robert, 68

Musalo, Karen, ιιι

NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development), 65

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), 65

Nepal

literacy in, 56, 87, 137 NGOs in, 61

savings groups in, 13, 90, 145^-14⁶

Women’s Empowerment Groups in, 13, 52-62 passim

NGOs.

(NGOs)

development and, 7

Freedom from Hunger as, 82 microfinance and, 10

Oxfam and, 81-83, ¹¹0

Saving for Change and, 14-16, 18-21, 60, 86, 89, 100, 119, 129 savings groups and, 26-27,

52, 56-58, 61, 63, 84 self-help groups and, 65-67

Odell, Mac, 59

Odell, Marcia, ι, 13, 51, 53-55,

60-62, 72, 87

Ortega, Esperanza, 99

Oxfam

in El Salvador, 96, 99

in Guatemala, 108, 110, 112-113

local NGOs and, 81-82 in Mali, 73, 81-83, ¹28 program assessment, 145^-14⁶

program funding, 81-83,

118-119

Saving for Change and, ιι, ¹4^{, i}7^, 57^-5⁸

shifting power to villages, 89

Village Savings and Loan

Associations and, 67, 72 in Zimbabwe, 67, 72

Pact, 9, 13, 51, 52-60 passim,

61, 83

Parmeshwar, Vinod, 66, 83-89,

¹5¹

Parrott, Lisa, 52 participation, 84, 88, 90-91. See

also empowerment partners, 12 Plan International, 9, 15, 147 Polak, Paul, 144 The Poor and Their Money

(Rutherford and Arora), 13 Portfolios of the Poor, 79 poverty. See inequality promotoras, 99, 101-103

Ramirez, Cecilia, 99-100 record keeping, 4, 20, 59, 80,

85-90, 148 replication, 21, 57, 90-94, 125,

128

Rigoberta Menchu Foundation,

¹¹3

ROSCAs (Rotating Savings and Credit Associations), 12,

24, 61, 69, 78, 97, 141, 146 Rotating Savings and Credit

Associations (ROSCAs), 12,

24, 61, 69, 78, 97, 141, 146 Rutherford, Stuart, 13, 78

Samake, Kanimba, 86

Saving for Change agriculture and, 121-125,

138-141

Saving for Change, continued assessment of, 17, 117-120 benefits of, 127-133 in El Salvador, 96-107 passim

growth of, ιι, 146-148 in Guatemala, 107-116 passim

innovation and, 137-141 local partners and, 81-85 in Mali, 15-21, 73-82 passim, 121-123, 1²7^-133

political organizing, 106-116 passim

principles of, 23-28, 135-140 purpose of, 14-15 replication of, 90-94, 125 staff ratio, 15-16 savings groups, 3-5, 23-28, 135-140, 145-146.

Linkages, 65-66 self-help groups (SHGs), 64-67 Shin, Jong-Hyon, 147 Sogoba, Soumaila, 89 Stack, Kathleen, 14, 83, 151 Stromme Foundation, 17-18,

73, 77, 82-83

Susus, 146

tandas, 12 Tankha, Ajay, 65

Teaching Institute for Sustainable Development (IEPADES), 110

tontines, 3, 12, 24, 76-79, 81, 95 transparency, 24, 44, 84, 86,

90-91. See also record keeping

Traore, Fatoumata, 21, 85, 88-89, 130-131, 130

USAID (US Agency for Inter­national Development), 51, 61, 62

Village Savings and Loan Asso­ciations (VSLAs), 25, 67-72, 83, 87

VSL Associates, 83

VSLAs (Village Savings and Loan Associations), 25, 67-72, 83, 87

Warwick, Mal, 144

WEPs. See Women’s

Empowerment Programs

White, Sarah, 84

Wilson, Kim, 63-64 women

in El Salvador, 96-107 passim

empowerment and, 20, 52-55, 58, 109, 126, 132-135 gender equality, 74-76, 109­116, 127, 130-133

in Guatemala, 109-13

in India, 60-67 passim

in Mali, 74-76, 127-133 in Nepal, 52-62 passim violence against, 96, 98, ιιι-

113, 115, 121

Women’s Empowerment

Programs (WEPs) as financial institutions,

53-54, 58-60

in India, 63-65

in Nepal, 13, 51-53, 60-63,

87

Pact and, 51, 83. See also Pact social benefits of, 55-57 Working Capital, 63-64, 143

zadrugas, 12

ZALA (Zimbabwe Adult

Learner’s Association), 72 Zimbabwe Adult Learner’s

Association (ZALA), 72 Zimbabwe, ιι, 13, 25-26,

⁶7^-72^{, 1}37