Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder that affects up to 15% of women in the reproductive age group using the Rotterdam criteria 2003 (1).
The Rotterdam criteria 2003 state that a diagnosis of PCOS is made if two out of the following three criteria of (a) presence of menstrual irregularities, (b) clinical/biochemical evidence of androgen excess, or (c) polycystic ovary morphology on ultrasound assessment are met after excluding other hyperandrogenic conditions such as congenital hyperplasia or androgen secreting tumour (2). Recently, the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM)-sponsored Third PCOS Consensus Workshop Group summarized current knowledge on PCOS and identified the knowledge gaps regarding various women's health aspects of PCOS (1). The PCOS Consensus Workshop Group also discussed the challenges in the variations of PCOS phenotypes and defining features of PCOS, which include issues such as ethnic differences in the phenotypes of PCOS (3, 4). Additionally, the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence, the impact on infertility, and long-term metabolic, cardiovascular, and cancer risks are important aspects of PCOS which require further attention in management of women with this enigmatic condition.
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