Conclusion
1. Alcmaeon, in Kathleen Freeman, Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1948), fr. 1; and Hippocrates, in Vivian Nutton, Ancient Medicine (London: Routledge, 2004), 78.
Peirce explains abduction as “the only logical operation which introduces any new idea.” Charles S. Peirce, The Collected Papers of Charles Saunders Peirce, ed. Charles Hartshorne, Paul Weiss, and Arthur W Burks, 8 vols. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1931-58), 5:171.2. Plato, Theaetetus, 186d.
3. See Nelson Goodman, Fact, Fiction, and Forecast, 4th ed. (1955; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1983).
4. On multiple factors of experience, see Anil Gupta, Empiricism and Experience (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006). A consensus in analytic philosophy favors the assumption that every perception has a neural substrate whose activation is sufficient for its “experience.” This is what I call science fiction. Primitive sensations like flashes of light can be induced by neural stimulation, but nothing more complex or realistic has ever been achieved and no real case of indiscernible hallucination has ever been recorded. See Alva Noe, Action in Perception (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004), chap. 7; and Varieties of Presence (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012), 43-44; also Semir Zeki, A Vision of the Brain (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1993), 342-43.
5. Peirce, Collected Papers, 5:51, 613; Gilles Deleuze, Difference and Repetition, trans. Paul Patton (1968; New York: Columbia University Press, 1994), 147.
6. Francis Bacon, in Guido Giglioni, “Learning to Read Nature: Francis Bacon's Notion of Experiential Literacy,” Early Science and Medicine 18, nos. 4-5 (2013): 427 (translation modified).
7. Democritus, frs. 9, 4, in Freeman, Ancilla, 93, 92.
8. Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy, trans. Walter Kaufmann (1872; New York: Vintage Books, 1967), §15; and Human, All Too Human, trans. Marion Faber (1878; Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984), 4.
9. Robert Wardy, Aristotle in China: Language, Categories and Translation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 95, 91, 151; and Li, Ming li tan, in Wardy, 90, 97.
10. Gilles Deleuze, Empiricism and Subjectivity: An Essay on Hume’s Theory of Human Nature, trans. Constantin V. Boundas (1953; New York: Columbia University Press, 1991), 106-7.
More on the topic Conclusion:
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion
- Conclusion