INDEX

Abell, P. 85

Abrahamson, S. 176

action, transformational model of 131, glossary (as transformational model of social action) activity dependence 132-3, glossary actor network theory 66-71, 72-3, 217, 220-2, 223-4, 226-7, glossary

Adorno, T.

affectual action 77, glossary

‘after-ANT’ 72

agnosticism 4-5

Al Amoudi, I. 217

alienation 50, 256

alternative hedonism 137, 204

Althusser, L 55-6, 88, 163, 166, 167, 265, 266

Andreski, S. 21, 26

Andrews, M. 102

Andrews, P. 238

Angus, I. 261 animals see non-human nature

Anthropocene 261-2 anthropocentrism 247, 249

anti-naturalism 45, 49, 132-3, 190, 265-6 anti-scientism 193, 194

apartheid 215

Aquinas, T. 101

Archer, M. 91, 131, 138, 197, 202, 203, 215-19

Arendt, H. 176

Aristotle, 101, 212, 216, 229, 231 assemblage 176

autonomy 232

Ayer, A. J. 13, 26

Bachelard, G. 54

Balibar, E. 167

Balsvik, E. 106

Barker, D. 160, 213-14

Barnes, B. 60

Barthes, R. 163, 174

Baudrillard, J. 163, 171-2, 174

Bauman, Z. 216

Beck, U. 22, 66

Beckett, S. 170

Beer, G. 35

Beethoven, L. 111

behaviourism 82, 84-5, 99

Bennett, J. 175-6

Benton, T. 21, 26, 28, 35, 37, 51, 55, 66, 118, 119,

129, 130, 132-3, 137, 194, 198, 203, 206,

207, 209, 217, 218, 219, 222-3, 227, 229,

230, 234, 254, 256, 259, 262

Berger, P. 83-4, 90, 131

Bergstrom, A. 238

Bernal, J. D. 51

Bhaskar, R. 56, 119, 121, 122-5, 128, 129-31,

132-6, 138-9, 175, 185, 195, 197, 198, 201, 202, 206, 207, 208, 209, 211-14, 220, 227

Biehl, J. 152

biodiversity 215, 227, 243, 247, 248-53, 261 biological sciences 225, 227, 233-4

Birke, L. 65, 145, 234

Blake, W. 212

Bloor, D. 60

Blumer, H. 86

bona fide questions 185

Bourdieu, P. 185, 203, 217 Braun, B. 176

‘bridgehead’ of shared beliefs 192-3 bridge principles 38, glossary

Brock, W.

Brown, J. R. 47, 60

Brulle, R. J. 217

Bruner, J. 102, 105

Bryant, G. A. 131

Burkett, P. 260, 261

Callon, M. 68, 71, 72

Canguilhem, G. 54 capitalism 50-2, 53, 65, 78-80, 81, 108, 112, 134-5,

147, 171, 204, 207, 212, 219, 257-63, 268 Capitalism Nature Socialism 263

Caplan, A. 145

care relations 231, 232, 240

Carey, N. 230

Carling, A. 85

Carnap, R. 13

Carney, M. 262

Carolan, M. 218

Carson, R. 149 Carter, B. 203 Cartwright, N. 218

Castree, N. 72

Catton, W. R. 217

causal adequacy 80, 96, 179, glossary see also reasons and causes

causal mechanisms 36, 124, 128, 133, 197, 209, 213 Chalmers, A. F. 26, 28, 47

Chodorow, N. 63, 150

Chodos, H. 206

Chomsky, N. 28

Chowdhury, M. F. 91

Cioffi, F. 16

citizen science 226

classical political economy 254-5

climate change 199, 200, 217-18, 227, 235, 243-5, 247, 248, 261, 262

closed systems 18, 128, glossary

Club of Rome 243

cognitive interest 113, 180, glossary

Collier, A. 127, 129, 132, 134, 135-6, 195, 202, 204,

208-9, 218, 227, 270

Collins, H. M 60-1, 68 common good 212, 250, 253 communicative rationality 115-16, glossary communities 101-2

comparative analysis/method 80

Comte, A. 21-2, 43, 44, 45, 109, 180 concept dependence 132, glossary conditions of existence 89, 235, 237 confirmation 16, glossary consensus theory 115, glossary constructionism (constructivism) 4, 55, 60, 65-70,

71, 86, 129, 175, 179, 205, 227, 267, 269, glossary

context of discovery 14, 156, 181, glossary context ofjustification 14, 34, 81, 156, 181, glossary conventionalism 31, 177, 179, glossary

Costanza, R. 253

covering law, model of 14, 19, 25, 33, 196, 200 Covid-19 225, 227, 235, 257, 262

Craib, I. 16, 23, 131, 150, 168, 176, 187, 227, 265

Crasnow, S. 160-1

critical naturalism 129-30, 132-4

critical realism 9, 45, 49, 119-39, 160-1, 163, 165, 179-80, 183, 195, 197, 201-15, 219-24, 226-7, 259, glossary

critical theory (Frankfurt School) 44, 50, 107-18, 134, 173, 180-1, 207

critique (explanatory) see explanatory critique Cruickshank, J.

Culler, J. 163

current affairs 117-18

Danermark, B. 203

Darwin, C./Darwinism 16, 31, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40-1,

42-3, 44, 121-2, 143, 145, 156, 164, 175, 193, 205, 226, 237, 267-8

Dasgupta, P. 217, 247, 248-53, 255

Davidson, D. 192

Davis, J. B. 188

Dean, K. 201, 202, 203, 207, 211-12 deconstruction 169-70, glossary deduction 34, 36-9, 40, 126, 208, glossary Defoe, D. 226

Deleuze, G. 161, 176, 220 deliberative democracy 204 depth psychology 187, 233

Derrida, J. 163, 167, 169-70, 181, 196

Descartes, R. 3, 4-5

Desmond, A. 42, 43

Devine, P. 212, 253, 262

Dewey, J. 85 dialectics, dialectical rationality 9, 102, 107-10,

112, 119, 131, 165, 168, 173, 180-1, 211, glossary

Dickens, P. 137, 138, 204, 205-6, 207, 218

Dilthey, E. 76, 103

discourse 167-9

Douglas, J. 88

dualism 4, 5, 65-70, 73, 191, 203-4, 215, 217, glossary

Dunlap, R. E. 217

Durkheim, E. 5, 23-5, 29, 39, 88, 104, 127, 130, 178, 180, 206, 227

Earth Summit 244-5

Easlea, B. 62 eco-feminism 62, 152, glossary ecological economics 253-4, 255-61 ecological embedding 237-41 eco-Marxism 73, 255-61 economics 243-64

ecosystems 127, 215, 238, 244-5, 248-52, 261 Edenberg, E. 118

Elder-Vass, D. 138, 203, 219, 224

Elliott, G. 55

Elster, J. 196, 197

emancipation 110, 117, 120, 134-7, 142, 160, 202, 208-12, 213, 215, 228, 269

emancipatory interest 113-14, glossary emergent powers 126, 220, 241, glossary empirical testing 13-21, 34, 45, 156, 179 empiricism 3-4, 8-9, 13-26, 27-47, 120-1, 124, 155-9

feminist empiricism 146, 157-9

Engels, F. 49-51, 108, 141, 207, 231, 233, 236-7, 239, 255-62

Enlightenment, the 103, 107, 109-10, 120, 141, 143, 159, 167-8, 172-3, glossary

environmental economics 245-53 environmental science 72-3, 175, 199, 204, 226,

235, 243-53

epigenetics 230 epistemes 167-8, glossary epistemoids 129 epistemological break 55, glossary epistemological obstacle 54 epistemology 3-5, 8, 9, 10

feminist epistemology 146-52 historical epistemology 54-6 standpoint epistemology 10, 35, 143, 146-57 essentialism 158, 205, 206 ethics 6-7, 115, 136, 225, 232 ethnography 7, 66, 67, 191 ethnomethodology 83, 87, 95-6 eudaimonia 212, 216, 219

Evans Pritchard, E.

see also social evils

evolutionary psychology 205 exchange theory 84 explanatory and observational understanding 80, glossary

explanatory critique 134-7, 208-9, 227-8, glossary Eyerman, R. 144, 234

facts of life 193

fake information 117-18 fallibilism 21, 121, 220 falsification (-ism) 20, 49, 60, glossary feminism 141-61

and critical realism 213-15 feminist empiricism 146, 157-9 feminist epistemology 146-57, 216, 265, 267-8 feminist standpoint epistemology 146-57, 213 and science 61-5, 146, 157-9

Ferguson, A. 141 Feuerbach, L. 141

Feyerabend, P. K. 45, 59, 128-9

Finn, C. 138 Flatschart, E. 161 Flax, J. 147, 151 forms of life 96, 97-8, 103, 107, 115, 185-6 Foster, J. B. 260, 261

Foucault, M. 46, 55, 56, 158, 163, 167-9, 170, 196, 198, 206

Frauley, J. 201, 206-7 Freud, S. 116, 151, 164, 166

Freundlieb, D. 117 functional explanations 33-6, 88-9, glossary functionalism 53, 88, glossary functional rationality 116, glossary

Gadamer, H.-G. 93, 103-5, 107, 115, 177, 180, 206, 271

Gaita, R. 184

Galileo, G. 141, 164 Garfinkel, H. 83, 95

Gates, B. 262

Gelsthorpe, L. 146

gender 192 gender issues, computing 203 genealogy of ritual forms 187 genetics 230, 239

Gergen, K. 163, 172, 181

Giddens, A. 7, 75, 83, 87, 131, 185, 203 Gilbert, N. 66

Glynos, J. 175, 183, 196-200, 201, 207 Godfrey-Smith, P. 219

Goffman, E. 86

Goldberg, S. 145

good life 181, 210, 212

Gorz, A. 212

Gramsci, A. 2, 188, 198-9, 232-3, 269

Greenfield, S. 35

Groff, R. 91

Gutting, G. 54

Guy, W. 134

Habermas, J. 45, 46, 107, 112-17, 118, 119, 134-5,

173, 180-1, 185, 195, 210

habitat 238

habitus 203, 217

Hacking, I. 60 Haeckel, E. 142-3 Halfpenny, P. 21, 28 Hammersley, M. 146

Hannon, M. 118

Hanson, N. R. 29, 34, 122

Haraway, D. J. 61, 65, 72, 161

Harding, S. 145, 146-7, 156, 157-60, 213

Harre, R. 119, 121, 129

Harrison, B. 144

Hartsock, N. 147, 148-53, 158, 159

Harvey, D.

Hassard, J. 72

Hayek, F. A. 44, 245, 262

Hegel, G. W. F. 9, 86, 107-9, 111, 113, 150, 170, 271 hegemony 198

Heidegger, M. 169

Hempel, C. G. 26, 36

Henau, J. 231

Herder, J. G. von 141 hermeneutics 49, 76, 102-5, 106, 108-9, 113-16,

129, 132-4, 179-81, 183, 194-6, 198, 201, 203, 209, 227, 265

critical hermeneutics 115-16 hermeneutic circle 103, glossary hermeneutic concepts 198 Peter Winch and 105-6, 184

Hesse, M. 34, 119, 121

Himmelweit, S. 231 historical materialism 206, 262 historical narrative 33-4, 36, 40-1, 147

Hoffe, O. 30

holism 88-9, 138, glossary

Hollis, M. 192

Holmwood, J. 157

holy grail, of social life 208

Honderich, T. 3

Honneth, A. 117

Horkheimer, M. 50, 107, 109, 110, 112

How, A. 104

Howarth, D. 175, 183, 196-200, 201, 207

human flourishing 213, 215-19

human interests 113-14 humanism 214

Hume, D. 18, 220-1

Husserl, E. 82, 170

Hutchinson, P. 105, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188-94, 196

Hutchinson, W. F. 202, 204, 205 hybridity 73, 226 hyperreality 172, glossary

idealism 86, 99, 114, 165, glossary

ideal speech situation 114, 118, 135, 157, 210, glossary

ideal types 38, 53, 78-80, 83-4, 89, 151, glossary identity and cyberspace 203

ideology 110-12, glossary

incommensurability 32, 58-9, 143, 154, 191, 192, 209, 252

individualism 39, 76, 85, 88-9, 138, 180, 221, 245, 251, glossary

abstract individualism 156

methodological individualism 5, 129-37, 197, 220

induction, problem of 18-19, 34, glossary instrumentalism 32, 85, 86, glossary instrumental rationality 9, 75-91, 102-3, 110, 115, 117, 179, 180, glossary

interpretation

dismissive 191 reflective 187

interpretivism 9, 28, 49, 78, 119, 129-30, 177-8, 220, glossary

intertextuality 170, glossary intransitive dimension 123-9, 132, 133, 179, 180, 224, glossary

irrationality 89, 107, 116, 168, 171, 248

Irwin, A. 61

Jackson, C. 152

James, W. 85

Jameson, F. 171

Jamison, A. 144, 234

Jarry, D.

Jessop, B. 207

Joseph, J. 207, 212

Jung, C. 102

Kaidesoja, T. 139, 220

Kant, I. 30, 57, 76, 82, 86, 107, 141, 153, 155

Keat, R. 21, 26, 28, 87, 119, 206

Keller, E. F. 61-4, 71, 149, 268

King, A. 203

Korner, S. 30

Koyre, A. 54

Kuhn, T. S. 57-61, 71, 98, 128, 129, 189

Lacan, J. 163, 166, 168, 169, 196, 200

Laclau, E. 56, 175, 183, 196, 197, 198

Lakatos, I. 59-60

Land, H. 150

language games 95-7, 98, 100, 102, 105, 171, 185, 194, glossary

langue/parole 164, glossary

Lassman, P. 81

Latour, B. 33, 66-70, 71, 72-3, 176, 220, 226

Laudan, L. 47

Law, J. 72, 223-4

laws (scientific) 14, 17-20, 30-2, 38, 87, 108, 123, 128, 188, glossary

laws of nature see scientific laws

Lawson, T. 91, 160, 202-3, 213-14

Leat, D. 78, 90

Lecourt, D. 51, 54

Levin, S. B. 175

Levi-Strauss, C. 163, 165, 174

Levitas, R. 134, 212

Liebig, J. von 260, 261 life-sciences 234-5 life-world 115, glossary

Limiting notions 192-4 linguistic philosophy 3, 95-7

see also structural linguistics

linguistic turn, the 10, 87, 93, 114-16, 159, 164-5

literary interpretation 203

Little, D. 220-2

logic 5-6, 18-20, 33, 34-5, 41, 53, 79, 259-60, glossary

logocentrism 170, glossary

Longino, H. E. 60

Lopez, J. 35, 201, 203, 206

Lovibond, S. 159

Lowndes, V. 91

Luckmann, T. 84, 90, 131

Lukacs, G. 10, 111, 147-8, 153, 181

Lukes, S. 23, 105

Lyas, C. 105, 184, 185

Lyons, J. 28

Lyotard, J.-F. 163, 171, 174

MacCormack, C. 145

MacIntyre, A. 96, 99, 101-2, 103, 105, 177, 184, 192 MacKenzie, D. A. 60

Madden, E. H. 119

Magdoff, F. 261

Malthus, T. 235-6, 254, 255, 258, 261

Mannheim, K. 181

Marcuse, H. 50, 107, 109-12 marginalist economics 84, 116, 254 market economics 245-53

Marshall, G. 107

Martinez Alier, J. 257

Marx, K./Marxism 7-8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 39, 72, 81,

88, 100, 101, 104, 130, 186, 188, 227, 231, 255-61, 265-6, 275, 277

critical rationality 107-9, 111, 113-14 critical realism 134-6, 138, 203, 204, 206-8, 210-12

ecology 255-62

eco-Marxism 73, 255-61

and feminist epistemology 141, 145, 147-8, 149-50, 153, 211

historical epistemology and structural Marxism

54-6 labour-capital relations 237, 259-60 and nature 236-7, 266, 270, 271, 275 post-Marxism 56, 175, 183, 194-200 post-structuralism 163, 164, 166, 167, 171, 175,

180, 181

and science 49-52

Maslow, A.H. 205, 241

materialism 4-5, 16, 107-8, 126, 147-9, 159, 161, 175, 197, 237, glossary

see also historical materialism; new materialism

McClintock, B. 64

McLennan, G. 202

Mead, G. H. 9, 86, 89

Meadows, D. H. 243

meaning, action and explanation 184-9 meaning adequacy 80, glossary meaning contexts 83, 86 meaningful action, meaningful social action 76-7,

78, 90, 96, glossary

media 117-18

Mellor, M. 137, 152, 202, 204-5, 207, 213

Meloni, M. 230

Mendel, G. 17-18, 32

Merchant, C. 62, 149

Merleau-Ponty, M. 82, 176

Merton, R. K. 53-4

metabolic rift 261-2

meta-narrative 97, 171, 173, 181, 272, glossary metaphysics 1, 13, 19, 21-2, 39, 43-5, 58, 169, 176, 201, 202, glossary

meta-reality 202

microfoundationalism 220-1

Midgley, M. 175 Mies, M. 152 Minsky, R. 167 mode of production 88, 166, 258 Monk, R. 188

Montesquieu, C. L. de S. 141 Montuschi, E. 218

Moog, S. 72, 194, 206 Moore, J. 42-3

Moore, R. 81 morality 208-12 moral philosophy 6-7, 101-5, 232

see also ethics

moral realism 42 moral relativism 7, 21, 136, 190, 210 Morgan, D. 146 morphogenesis 215-19

Morris, W. 212

Mouffe, C. 56, 175, 183, 196, 197, 198 Mouzelis, N. 217

Mozart, A. 111 Mulkay, M. 66

Murphy, R. 61, 204, 206, 217 mutual recognition 117

narratives 68, 76, 101-5, 171, glossary

see also historical narrative; meta-narrative natural beings, humans as 233-7 natural capital 240, 246, 247, 250-2 natural facts 193

naturalism 26, 45, 129-30, 132-4, 184, 185, 192-4, 205, 207, 237, 266-8, 271, glossary

critical naturalism 129-30, 132-4 naturalistic fallacy 208

Natural Order 218

nature 72-3, 138, 175-6, 225-42

see also environmental science; non-human nature

negation/the negative 109, 116 neo-Darwinism 205, 226-7 neo-liberalism 207, 245, 250, 258, 264 Neurath, O. 13

neuroscience 230

New, C. 127, 159-60, 203, 213

New Age spiritualism 202 new materialism 161, 175, 176, 223

New Realism 119-20

Newton, I. 16-18, 58, 141 Newton-Smith, W. 60

Nicholson, L. J. 159 Nietzsche, F. 110, 167-8, 169 non-human nature 1, 63, 65, 68-9, 72, 142, 190, 204-6, 210, 212, 218-19, 230-1, 256 normal science 57-61, glossary

Norrie, A. 137 notion of discourse 198 notion of hegemony 198

objectivity 14, 22, 25, 45, 49-50, 55, 63-4, 71, 76, 80, 141-4, 155, 159-60, 204, 209, 228, 268-9

object relations psychology 63, 147, 150-2, glossary O'Connor, J. 262-4

Oldroyd, D. R. 47 O'Neill, J. 44, 137, 204, 212, 218, 240, 252-3, 262 ontological individualism 76, 85, glossary

see also individualism ontology 4-5, 9, 16, 38, 58, 125, 128, 130-1, 133, 205-6, 213, 221-4, 227, 250, glossary open systems 127-9, 133, 136, 210, 213, 220, 228, glossary

Ormrod, J. 138, 204-5

‘other things being equal' 135, 136, 208-9 Outhwaite, W. 134, 138

Ozkaynak, B. 253

palaeoanthropology 238-40 paradigm 57-61, 98, 134, 146, 217-18, 230, glossary paradigm/syntagm 165, glossary

Parsons, T. 88

Pearce, F. 23, 201, 206-7 perfect market 84, glossary performative speech acts 115, glossary Perry, G. 241 personal identity 232

Peter, F. 213-14 Pharies, D. A. 85 phenomenology 81-4, 85, 89, 109, 177, 179, 203 phenomenological reduction 82, 83, 164, 170, glossary

philosophical anthropology 114, 213, 214, 228-33 phonocentrism 169-70, glossary phronesis 212

Pickering, A. 60, 68 Pierce, C. S. 85

Pinch, T. 60 Pinker, S. 28, 35

Plumwood, V. 152

Polanyi, K. 262 political mobilizations 131, 199-200, 213 Popper, K. 14, 20-1, 45, 49, 57, 59-60, 109, 118, 139, 156, 220

population growth 235-6, 254, 258 Porpora, D. 138, 202, 203, 219 positivism 9, 13, 21-8, 43-6, 75-6, 81-2, 85, 87-8,

90, 96, 109, 113, 119, 129, 178-80, 183, 194-6, 201, 223, 226-7, 266-7 post-colonialism 213, 270 post-humanism 161, 175 post-Marxism 56, 175, 183, 194-200 post-Marxist discourse theory 183 post-modernism 10, 45, 65-6, 107, 118, 146, 154, 158-9, 170-4, 185, 208-10, glossary post-structuralism 163-70, 194-200, 207, 213, glossary

Potter, G. 138, 201, 202, 203

practical action 77

Practical Order 218

pragmatism 9, 75, 85-6, 89, 113, 114, 115, 179-80, glossary

prejudice 1, 3, 104, 107, 118, 212, 221 primates 239

problematic 54-5, glossary psychoanalysis 13, 16, 63, 76, 87, 102, 112, 113-16, 117, 147, 150, 151, 163-4, 166-8

public goods 251-2

Quine, W. V. O. 28

radical contingency 197-8

radical science movement 52, 61, 270 rational choice theory 9, 75, 84-5, 86, 89, 90-1, 114, 169, 177, 180, 197, glossary rationalism 3-4, 9, 65, 75, 155, 191, glossary realism 10, 39, 70, 119-20, 121-3, 129-37, 138, 207, 220, glossary

see also critical realism; moral realism; New Realism

reasons and causes 87-8

Redclift, M. 217

Red-Green Study Group 137 reductionism 39, 65, 126, 193, 207, 221, 268 Rees, R. 98

reflexivity 7, 60, 65-70, 75, 120, 133, 215-19, glossary

relativism 7, 10, 32, 45, 56, 57-61, 65, 70, 81, 85,

93, 96, 101-5, 114-15, 121, 142-4, 154, 172, 189-92, 206, 209, 228, glossary

moral relativism 7, 21, 136, 190, 210 religion 13, 24, 78, 138, 202 research programme 59-60 retroduction 34, 122, 196, glossary Rex, J. 81

Ricardo, D. 254, 255

Rickert, H. 76

Rigby, D. 253

Risjord, M. 106

ritual genealogy 187

Roberts, J. 207

Rock, P. 85-6

Rockstrom, J. 261

Rose, H. 28, 52, 61, 145, 147, 149-50, 159

Rose, S. 28, 39, 52, 145

Rousseau, J.-J. 141

‘rule-of-thumb' causal knowledge 188

rules, rule-following 9, 95-102, 105, 110, 188, 190, glossary

Rundell, J. 117

Rustin, M. 66

Ryle, G. 4

Ryle, M. 204, 212

Sacks, O. 28-9

Saini, A. 234

Saito, K. 261

Salleh, A. 152

Sarup, M. 170

Sassower, R. 118, 220

Saussure, F. de 127, 158, 164-5, 166, 169, 174, 196, 198, 200

Sayer, A. 91, 137, 158, 201, 202, 227-34, 237, 240-2 Schachtel, E. 63

Schaffer, S. 60

Schoenberg, A. 111

Schutz, A. 82-4, 89-90

sciences 8-9, 13-26, 27-47, 49-73, 121-37, 226 scientific experiment 1, 13-14, 15, 17-21, 28-43, 123-4

scientific explanation 14, 19-20, 25-6, 30, 33, 36-7, 39-41, 132, 154, 196, 213-14, 218-19 scientific laws (laws of nature) 14, 17-20, 30-2, 38, 87, 108, 123, 128, 188

scientific revolution 57-61, glossary

scientific theories 32-43, 121-3 hypothetico-deductive model of 36-43, 126 metaphors in 34-5, 122-3

Scott, J. 203

‘Second Contradiction' 262-4

self-realization 117, 202, 241 sex/gender 192-3 Shapin, S. 60

Shiva, V. 152

sign, the, signifier/signified 164-7, 169, 199, glossary Singer, P. 215, 219

Smith, A. 254, 255, 259

social agents 73, 130, 131, 215-16

social constructionism 60-1, 71, 83-4, 86, 146,

205

social evils 218, 233

social facts 24-5, 88, 180, 221, 227

social justice 212, 235, 244

social order 44, 84, 133, 169, 211, 217-19

social policy 7, 25, 45-6, 203, 273

social structures 76, 203-5

sociobiology 28, 39, 145, 205, 227 sociological imperialism 226

‘socio-natural futures' 73

Sohn-Rethel, A. 147

Soper, K. 137, 152, 159, 204-6, 212, 213, 218, 229, 268 space travel 204-5

Spash, C. L. 253 speech acts 115, 164

Spinoza, B. 176

‘spiritual turn' 138, 202-12, 257 Sraffa, P. 188

standpoint epistemology 10, 35, 143, 146-57, 158-61, 213, glossary

Stanley, L. 146

Stern Report 247

Stones, R. 72, 118, 131, 194, 202, 203, 223-4 Strathern, M. 145

Stringer, C. 238

strong programme in the sociology of knowledge

60-1, 65-6, 67, 68, glossary structural linguistics 167 structuration theory 83, 87, 131, 203, 206 structure/agency relationship 130, 131, 203, 215-19 structures, structuralism 10-11, 132-4, 163-5, glossary

see also post-structuralism subject, the 167-9 subsumption of events 196 sustainability 205, 243-5, 246, 263 symbolic interactionism 85-6, 89, glossary

tacit knowledge 44, glossary

Taylor, C. 100, 115, 177, 179, 184

technical interest 113-14

testability 15-16, 19-20, 30-2, 155, glossary tradition 103, 104-5

traditional action 77, glossary transcendental argument 56-7, 122, 130, 133, 134,

197, 213-14, glossary transformational model 131, glossary transhumanism 175

transitive dimension 123, 128-9, 132, glossary Tritter, J. Q. 91, 197 typifications 82-3, 89

ultimate values see values, value choice unconscious, the 16-17, 164, 166 ‘underlabourer' conception of philosophy 1, 3, 93,

94, 138, 201, 202 understanding 78-80, 97-105 history as a basis for 101-5 observational and explanatory understanding

79, glossary

other cultures and critcizing one's own 189-92

United Nations 244

universal laws 17, 19, 80, 87, 109, 196

Urry, J. 21, 28, 87, 119, 206, 218

utilitarianism 21, 84 utopianism 21, 44, 46, 63, 212, 214, 235-6, 262 value freedom 80-1, 96, glossary value-oriented action 78, glossary value-pluralism 253-4 values, value choice 76, 77, 78

Varela, C. 203 verstehen 78, glossary

Vico, G. 141, 153

Voltaire, F. M. A. de 141

Wainwright, H. 44

Wallace, A. R. 44, 122, 175, 237

wealth accumulation 254-5

Weber, M. 9, 38, 39, 44, 45, 52-4, 75-91, 93, 96-7, 103, 104, 107, 114, 115, 130, 179-80, 206, 227, 277

Weintrobe, S. 240-1

Werskey, G. 51

West, D. 170

White, D. F. 72-3

White, S. K. 117

Wight, C. 203, 207

Williams, R. 229

Williams, S.J. 234

Winch, P. 9, 45, 93-106, 114-15, 165, 172, 179,

184-9, 190-3, 196

Wittgenstein, L. 9, 93, 95-6, 97, 103, 165, 171, 184, 186, 189, 191, 194, 196

Wolff, K. H. 81

Woodiwiss, T. 206, 207

Woolgar, S. 66, 67, 71, 72

World Commission on Environment and

Development (WCED) 244

World Health Organization (WHO)

225

Wylie, A. 160

Wynne, B. 42, 66

Yearley, S. 68

Zahle, J. 138