Conclusion

Controlling and eradicating BTB, and eradicating zoonotic TB, are not easy tasks. Given the nature of the disease, and the known difficulties of eradicating it under certain environmental conditions, particularly in the presence of wildlife mainte­nance hosts, control and eradication programs require adequate financial resources, commitment, and perseverance over a matter of decades.

The following actions are considered to be critical when countries initiate control programs (Admassu et al. 2015):

1. Public health information campaigns are needed to raise community awareness about the risk of TB transmission through consumption of raw/undercooked milk and meat.

2. Organize regular capacity building through in-service training for both profes­sionals (technical training) and zoonotic diseases awareness training for nonprofessional personnel working in abattoirs.

3. Standardization of abattoir inspection protocols, enhanced training and profi­ciency testing of meat inspections, and raising public awareness are recommended as essential and cost-effective interventions to improve meat inspection services, with subsequent protection of consumers’ health.

4. Due attention should be given to this economic important disease by the govern­ment, and to redress the efforts to minimize its occurrence together with health professionals.

5. Improved interaction between the livestock owners and medical and veterinary personnel is a perquisite for the investigation of the zoonotic importance of M. bovis, and further investigations are required for minimizing its devastating effect in animals and humans.

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