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Introduction

Communities vary tremendously in the numbers and kinds of species they contain. In Chapter 18, our worldwide tour of forest communities demonstrated the wide variation in species diversity that occurs both globally and regionally.

We saw that communities in the tropics (such as the Amazon rainforest) had many more tree species than those at higher latitudes (such as the forests of the Pacific Northwest or New Zealand). Moreover, we found that regional species pools had an important, but not an exclusive, influence on the number of species within a community.

In this chapter, we will focus on species diversity at the local scale. We will ask two important questions: First, what are the factors that control species diversity within communities? Second, what effects does species diversity have on the functioning of communities?

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Source: Bowman W., Hacker S.. Ecology. 6th ed. — Oxford University Press,2023. — 744 p.. 2023

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