Bibliographic Essay

The fundamental study of Roman violence remains A. Lintott, Violence in Republican Rome, 2nd edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999). Also basic is W. Nippel, Public Order in Ancient Rome (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), to which now can be added

J. Fuhrmann, Policing the Roman Empire (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012). The application of violence through imperialism, and Roman warfare, have been well studied in such works as W. V. Harris, War and Imperialism in Republican Rome, 327-70 BC (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979) or more recently A. M. Eckstein, Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009). For the experience and mechanics of Roman battle, see P. Sabin, ‘The Face of Roman Battle', Journal of Roman Studies 90.1 (2000), 1-17, and M. J. Taylor, ‘Roman Infantry Tactics in the Mid-Republic: A Reassessment', Historia 63.3 (2014), 301-22. Also useful are many chapters in P. Sabin, H. van Wees and M. Whitby (eds.), The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare, 2 vols. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007). Roman spectacular violence is ably covered in D. G. Kyle, Sport and Spectacle in the Ancient World, 2nd edn (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2015) and D. Potter, ‘Entertainers in the Roman Empire', in

D. Potter and D. Mattingly (eds.), Life, Death, and Entertainment in the Roman Empire, 2nd edn (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2010), pp. 280-350. Gladiators in particular are surveyed in G. G. Fagan, The Lure of the Arena (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), D. G. Kyle, Spectacles of Death in Ancient Rome (London: Routledge, 1998), and T. Wiedemann, Emperors and Gladiators (London: Routledge, 1992); chariot races by F. Meijer, Chariot Racing in the Roman Empire (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010).

Many useful ancient sources are collected and translated in A. Futrell, The Roman Games: A Sourcebook (Malden, MD: Blackwell, 2006). On violence in the Roman law see the following: P. Garnsey, Social Status and Legal Privilege in the Roman Empire (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970); D. Grodzynski, ‘Tortures mortelles et categories sociales: les summa supplicia dans le droit romain aux IIIe et IVe siecles', in Du Chdtiment dans la cite: supplices corporels etpeine de mort dans le monde antique (Paris: Persee, 1984), pp. 361-403; J. Harries, Law and Crime in the Roman World (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), esp. pp. 106-32; R. MacMullen, ‘Judicial Savagery in the Roman Empire', Chiron 16 (1986), 147-66. For information on ancient bandits and pirates see as follows: T. Grünewald, Bandits in the Roman Empire (London: Routledge, 2004); P. de Souza, Piracy in the Graeco-Roman World (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999); W. Riess, Apuleius und die Räuber. Ein Beitrag zur historischen Kriminalitätsforschung (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2001); B. D. Shaw, ‘Bandits in the Roman Empire', Past & Present 105 (1984), 3-52. Also informative is K. Hopwood (ed.), Organised Crime in Antiquity (London: Duckworth, 1999). For my fuller thoughts on quotidian Roman violence see G. G. Fagan, ‘Violence in Roman Social Relations', in M. Peachin (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Social Relations in the Roman World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), pp. 467-95.

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Source: Fagan Garrett G., Fibiger Linda, Hudson Mark, Trundle Matthew (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Violence. Volume 1: The Prehistoric and Ancient Worlds. Cambridge University Press,2020. — 756 p.. 2020

Bibliographic Essay

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