Role and Importance of Climate
Climate is the result of complex interactions between atmosphere and other environmental systems such as lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Climate governs the geographical distribution of ecosystems.
It is also one major factor for soil formation which is linked to food production. It also dictates the energy needs of the people for heating or cooling purposes. Climate also strongly affects availability of water resources, snow and ice cover, floods and draughts, distribution and types of plant and animal species. It is also related to the phenomena of weathering and desertification.The relationship between climate and above environmental systems is so interlinked that the impact of any disturbance at one place can be observed at some other place or system. Also, this relationship is very complex and many such interconnections are yet to be fully understood.
The human beings and climate are interdependent and both affect each other in one way or the other. Climate dictates the ways of living of people. Climate governs natural resources and hence is closely linked to occupation, food habits, economic activities and health of the people. A favorable climate attracts the migration of people from other areas whereas the harsh climate is a negative and repelling factor.
Thus, climate has many direct and indirect impacts on human beings. It also equally controls the vegetation, plant life and animal resources of a place. Even the marine life is not spared by the type of climatic conditions prevailing over a particular region.
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