Reference ranges for haematology and serum chemistry values for adult cats and dogs
The laboratory used for the cases in this book for haematology and serum chemistry was the University of Edinburgh Veterinary Pathology Unit although some emergency cases also had in-house laboratory parameters measured.
| Parameter | Unit | ?og | Cat | Parameter | bgcolor=white>UnitDog | Cat | |
| Haematology | Creatinine | μmol∕l | 40-132 | 40-177 | |||
| RBC | x10'1ZI | 5.5-8.5 | 5.5-10.0 | Fibrinogen | g/l | 2.0-4.0 | 2.0-4.0 |
| WBC | χ10s∕l | 6.0-15.0 | 7.0-20.0 | Fructosamine | μmol∕l | 49-225 | 100-350 |
| Neutrophils (segmented) | x1057l | 3.6-12.0 | 2.5-12.8 | Glucose | mmol/l | 3.O-5.O | 3.3-5.0 |
| Neutrophils (bands) | χ10,Λ | 0-0 | 0-0 | Lead (blood) | μg∕ml | 0.5-2.4 | 0-1.21 |
| Lymphocytes | x10sZI | 0.7-4.8 | 1.5-7.0 | Lipase | IUZl | 13-2∞ | 0-83 |
| Monocytes | x10s∕l | 0.0-1.5 | 0.07-0.85 | Total protein | g/l | 58-73 | 69-79 |
| Eosinophils | χ10,Λ | 0.0-1.0 | 0.0-1.0 | Urea | mmol/l | 1.7-7.4 | 2.8-9.8 |
| Basophils | ?10sZI | 0.0-1.0 | 0.0-1.0 | Enzymes | |||
| PCV | ²Ë | 0.39-0.55 | 0.24-0.45 | AP | IUZl | 20-60 | 10-1∞ |
| Hb | g/dl | 12.0-18.0 | 8.0-14.0 | ALT | ιu∕ι | 21-102 | 6-83 |
| MCV | fl | 60-77 | 28-55 | AST | ILVI | 15-65 | 15-50 |
| MCHC | % | 32-36 | 30-36 | CK | IUZl | 50-2∞ | 50-200 |
| Platelets | x105Λ | 200-500 | 300-600 | GGT | ιu∕ι | 2-8 | 1-5 |
| Prothrombin time | sec | 5-12 | 5-12 | MlneralsZtrace elements | |||
| APTT | sec | 10-20 | 10-20 | Calcium | mmol/l | 2.3-3.0 | 2.1-2.9 |
| Serum chemistry | Magnesium | mmol/l | 0.69-1.18 | 0.82-1.23 | |||
| Albumin | g/l | 26-35 | 28-39 | Inorganic phosphate | mmol/l | 0.9-2.0 | 1.4-2.5 |
| Amylase | IlM | 225-990 | 525-960 | Sodium | mmol/l | 139-154 | 145-156 |
| Bile acids (fasting) | μmokl | 0-7 | 0-7 | Potassium | mmol/l | 3.6-5.6 | 4.0-5.0 |
| Bilirubin (total) | μmo∏ | 0-6.8 | 0-6.8 | Vitamins (from Texas Gl Lab) | |||
| Chloride | mmol/l | 99-115 | 117-140 | Cobalamin | ng/l | 251-908 | 290-1500 |
| Cholesterol | mmol/l | 3.8-7.0 | 2.O-3.4 | Folate | μp∕1 | 7.7-24.4 | 9.7-21.6 |
| Cortisol | nmol/l | 20-230 | 10-250 | ||||
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AP, alkaline phosphatase; API I, activated partial thromboplastin time; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CK, creatine kinase; GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase; Hb, haemoglobin; MCHC, mean cell haemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; PCV, packed cell volume.
Laboratory values for kittens and puppies
While few laboratories give separate reference ranges for kittens and puppies, there are some important differences that should be taken into consideration.
Haematology
The packed cell volume (PCV) of kittens and puppies is lower than that of adult cats and dogs.
The PCV is lowest in kittens at around 3 to 4 weeks of age and puppies at around 4 to 5 weeks of age. The values increase to adult ranges when they are around 3-4 months old. The white blood cell count of puppies and kittens may be in the high adult range or slightly higher at 3 months of age and then should be within the adult reference range.Serum chemistry
Serum inorganic phosphate and calcium are higher in young growing animals. Serum inorganic phosphate may be as high as 3.5 to 3.8 mmol/l and calcium values may be about 0.5 mmol/l higher than the top of the adult reference range.
Total serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) is often two to three times the adult reference range during growth due to the bone isoenzyme.
Serum total protein is usually below the adult reference range until about 4 to 5 months of age. Serum albumin concentration should reach adult concentrations by about 2 months of age. Serum globulin concentration increases more slowly.
The concentration of serum creatinine, which is derived from muscle tissue, is usually low in puppies and kittens. Fasted puppies and kittens may have lower blood urea nitrogen than adults, although diet can affect this parameter.
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