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Adaptations of organisms

Biological adaptation is a structural, physiological process, or behavioral trait of an organism that has evolved incrementally through natural selection in response to increases in reproductive success in the organisms that showed those traits most strongly.

There are major types of adaptations:

> Structural adaptations are special body parts of an organism that help it to survive in its natural habitat, for example, its skin colour, shape, and body covering.

> Behavioral adaptations are ways in which a particular organism behaves to survive in its natural habitat.

> Physiological adaptations are systems present in an organism that allow it to perform certain biochemical reactions optimally, while life-history adaptations are parametres affecting growth and reproduction such as age at sexual maturity, reproductive investment, body size, and longevity.

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Source: A course of lectures on ecology and life safety basics: Textbook / M.A. Bobrenko, A.M. Balzhanova. - Kostanay: KSPU,2018. - 139 p.. 2018

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