Index

'Abd aljalil al-Qazwini al-Razi 251

'Abd al-Karim al-Ha'iri 37

AbQ Hanifa 5

The Hanafi school of jurisprudence 6,

201

'adl75-77

CtltkdmiSeeIutkm

Ahl al-Hadith 5-6

Ajwadattqrirdt 55,59 akhtdrad-d∣dd xv,18,26,44,81

Akfibaris 25-29, 44, 59, 81, 92, 105, 125 a,4amι 3958,122

'dlamal-takwini 64,72 'dlamal-tasltrΓf 64,72 'Ali b.

'Allama al-Hilli (Hasan b. YQsuf b. al-

Mutahhar al-Hilli) 21-26, 59, 71, 81, 86, 871, 100

amdra 42, 81, 92

Amidi, Sayf al-Din al- 21 amrad-irshddi 49,105 amratlmiawlawf 49,105

Ansari, Shaykh Murtada al- 29-32, 36, 59-60

Definition and authority of certainty 61-63, 65, 72

On marja' al-taqlid 122,125

Post-Ansari UsQlis/jurists 32, 73, 75, 85, 91, 105

Pre-Ansari UsQlis/jurists 82, 85, 91, 121

Reports of the sunna 97, 99-102

The theory of insiddd 82-91

Apostasy ix-x, 107-114, 1091, 1101111-12, 1111, 120

'aql(reason) 16, 19, 23, 40-41, 77

‘aql! (rational) xi, 77

Discussions on rationality (matdhith

Claqliyya) 35

Judgrnientof reasonkmalaq[) 75

Rational intelligibility of actions 83 'Araqi, Diya' al-Din al- 33-34, 39 Aristotle 221

Aristotelian philosophy/logic 14, 118-119 a⅞dtalumdm 104

a⅞⅛tazu(ι⅛ 42,49,95,106

Apparent meaning of Quran 97, 108

Literalistic approach of Muslim jurists xi-xii, 6, 106-107, 109, 114-115, 121,125 Aslarite 5-6

Astarabadi, Mulammad Amin al- 25-26 Ayatollah Sayyid Ali al-Husayni al-Sistani 40, 1081, 115

Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei 38, 107

Baghdad 5, 15-16, 19

Balrani, YQsuf b. Almad al- 27, 86

74,102

God being ra’ls al-^ruqald 50, 76, 103 tarda 30, 51, 55, 85-86

Basra 5 ta^^ama--tammι 45,50

Bihbihani, Mulammad Baqir al- (or al-Walid al-Bihbihani) 27-29, 82, 831, 87

dalil (pl. adilla) 40, 41-42, 81-82, 84, 92, 122

ψttriyydtaldtn 85,102.,108 Durdsjftmiai-Isid 57,49,51,77,981

Fadil al-TQni, Abd Allah al- 82

Fadli, 'Abd al-Hadi al- 60-62, 821

Fanaei, Abolqasem xi, 120-121

Faraid al-usul xvi, 29, 31-33, 59, 83, 97, 100,

102

Fiqh viii, 85, 107, 114

Classes on,βqh 38, 117

Works of,βqh vii, x1, 13, 21, 31, 39, 88, 101 Friday congregational prayers (JumuO.) 25, 56-57, 74, 88-88

Ghazali, AbQ Hamid al- 21-22 gud t 9

Gleave, Robert 26-27 Guardianship (wildyat) of a jurist 30, 38

Hakfm, Sayyid Mulsin al- 36, 39 Hallaq, W.

On philosophy/logic in legal theory 22

Hanbal, Almad b. 5

The Hanbali legal school of jurisprudence 6, 20n

Itaqqalt a 5,2,77,80

Itaiaj 87-88 haidm (pi Uima) 30>,4∏

Category of action vii, 23

Prohibition of apostasy 108

Hawza viii, xv, 37

Haydari, Kamal al- 57n, 76n

Accuracy of sense perception 69-70, 72 On Baqir al-Sadr 53-54

The nature and existence of certainty 62-64, 66-69, 117, 118n

Rational authoritativeness of certainty

77, 79

Hilla 20-21, 24

hujja xiii, 35, 40-43, 45, 51-52, 72, 91n, 92, 97-98, 117

U yya. Seelujja

hukm (pl. ahkdm) viiviii, 1, 21, 82n, 86 Apparentprecept(Jukmal-Zdhit) 56-57, 88, 90, 107n

Circumstantial Sharia precept (hukm al-wadt)109n

Real precept (hukm al-w>dqi'l) 56, 88, 90, 107n

Hurr al-'Amili, Shaykh al- 99 Husayn BurUjardi 37-38, 122 husnwalqubhal-'agll 8⅛ Hussain, Arif Abdul xi, 112-114, 120

ibn al-Hajib, Jamal al-Din 21

Ibn Idris al-Hilli 21-22 ibn Junayd al-Iskafi 16 Itimdl 52,77,80,119,124 Itiydt 29,87, 91n jmd’ 3-4, 18-19, 23, 40-41, 84-85, 87, 99n ijtihdd vii--x, xi--iv, 6, 23-22, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53-59, 61, 65, 72, 79, 81-82, 90-93, 100, 105-106, 108, 116-117, 121-122 Consultative ijtihdd 123-124 Dynamism in ijtihdd 45, 107 Future of ijtihdd xv, 116,121, 123, 125 Mujtahid (jurist) vii, xn, 23-24, 124n 'ilm xiv, 11, 16, 18-19, 27, 44, 48, 59, 83, 104 Ac٩nredhnow١edge (tlmaluu) 66 Ambiguous knowledge (‘ilm al-jinOU) 85

The distinction between ‘ilm and certainty (∣qat‘) 59-62

Tlmalhaldmviii,ι⅛⅛ιn τlmal-ιijdlι⅛2⅛⅛9 Knowledge of the unseen (ilm alghayb) 10

Present-knowledge (Jllmalhuu t)

66-67

InhishdJf 5,2.,61-62

Property of disclosure 62, 65

Insddd xtv,82-8⅛i5,

Modern advocators of insidad 91

The notionof InjhtdhbdbalTlmwalTlml 87, 92

The notionof Insidddbdb alTlmwalTlml

83-88

The premises of insidad 84-90

Iranian revolution 8, 15, 36, 38-39, 122

Irtiddd. See apostasy

Isfahan!, Mulammad Husayn al-Gharawi al- 33-35, 39, 46

Authority of isolated reports through rational convention 103-100

Postulated authority of certainty 74-76

Ishtighdl 5β

’isma vii, 10-11, 46, 81, 86

Isndl (sing sanad)22,9⅛102

Istihscrn 6,⅛ι,97-11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26-27, 41n, 46-47, 81, 82n, 83-84, 86-87, 90-91, 94-100, 105, 109-110, 112, 114, 119

Qajar dynasty 28

qaf (certainty) ix, xiv, 23, 29, 42, 45, 59-61, 63n, 65, 77, 104

The authoritativeness of certainty xiv, 57, 59, 77

qafi form of knowledge/evidence xiv, 23, 59, 61, 65, 77, 83, 85, 87, 92, 97, 98n, 122

QawdTdaljiqhyya 88

qiyas 3-4, 6, 16, 18, 41, 44, 90, 93, 122

qualiqdbb--ldbaydn 5051

Qummi, Mirza Abu Qasim al- 28, 32, 40, 41, 82, 85

Quran xi, 3-6, 18, 23, 26-27, 40, 41, 46-49, 81-82, 84, 86, 93n, 94, 97, 103-104, 106, 108-110, 112, 119, 122

Quranic exegeses 10, 39

Verse from Quran 46n, 47nn7-8, 88n, 94n, 95n, 108nn4-6

ray 16, 18

Partisans of rational opinion (ahl al-ra^,y)

4n

Razi, Fakhr al-Din al- 21

Ruwlani, Sayyid Mulammad Husayn al- 91n

Sadr, Mulammad Baqir al- viii, xiii, 36-37, 42n, 49, 60, 98n, 118-119, 123-124 Sadr's critique of UsUli rational justification 51-58

Sadr's take on the authoritativeness of certainty 77-80

Saduq, Shaykh al- (ibn Babawayh al-Qummi)

12, 15-16, 86

Safavid 25, 27, 28, 71, 118

salat xn, 23, 30, 49, 56, 88

Seljuq 19-21

Shabestri, Mohammad Mojtahed xi

Shafi'i, Mulammad ibn Idris al- 2-3, 5

The Shafi'i legal school of jurisprudence

6, 16, 20n

Shfr alRlsdla 2-⅛

Shahid al-Awwal 24

Shahid al-Thani, Hasan ibn 24, 82-83, 85

Shahid al-Thani 24

Shakk 29,42,52,57,88-89

Sistani, 'Ali al-Husayni al- 40, 108n, 115

Soroush, Abdolkarim xi, 111-112, 120

Stewart, Devin 7, 17, 39

strategic juristic omission 114-115, 121 sunna xi, xv, 3-6, 14-15, 18, 23, 40-41, 46, 48,

49, 81-82, 2n82, 84, 86, 93n, 94, 97-99, 106, 109-110, 119, 122

suUι⅛ 84,87,71, ٥7

Tabarasi, Fadal ibn Hasan al- 100

Tabatabai, Mulammad 'Ali al- 88-89

Tabataba'i, Mulammad Husayn 38

Context of Quran 10:36 46-47

On philosophy 71-72

Tahdhibal-Usil 88,65,94

takhi⅛ 80

takht a v⅛i

tak(pV takdlij) 865,0,78,88,85

Taliqani, Malmud 122

taqlid 87

tariq 42, 60, 62-63, 65, 81, 92

tariqiyya 62, 65 tarj⅛a---marju'ald,--rdj⅛qab⅛ 90 talk 55,79

tasawwur 23, 66

tasdiq 2⅛66

Tusi, Khawaja Nasir al-Din al- 21, 59

Tusi, Shaykh Mulammad b.

'ulam^l 86,12¾

ularnd’alabrdr 10,,14

’usr 87-88

usul a-amal-yya 29, 34, 36, 42, 55, 90, 107 usul al-fiqh viii, ix, xii, xiii, xv-xvi, 13, 31, 341, 38, 41

waj-b/wujub vii, xiv, 23, 30, 35, 60, 72-74, 77, 78

waq-’ viii, xiv, 29, 45, 50, 60, 113 wujnbalshukr-al-mun'im 52n,78

yaqln 47, 60-61, 92

Zanjani, Musa Shubayri al- 90-91

zann ix, 18, 19, 23, 44-46, 83

Conjectural knowledge/evidence (؟ann،-) xiv, 23, 59, 80, 97

Extraordinary conjecture (zann al-khass) xiv, 82, 91-93, 105

The non-authoritativeness of conjecture xiii, 44

Substantiated conjecture (؟ann a--nutau) ¾.,!*!,45,,64,81,92

Zannalmutlaq 84,91n,va

Zannblmdhuwa zann 45,,92 zulm 75-77

Zurara b. Ayan 98

Zysow, Aron 5, 20