Lawsonia intracellularis Infection

Lawsonia intracellularis is emerging as a cause of intesti­nal disease in an expanding array of mammalian and avian species. It preferentially infects intestinal epithe­lial cells and induces proliferative enteritis, typhlitis, or colitis, depending upon host species.

Natural infection occurs in wild mice, but has not been described in laboratory mice. The authors are aware of infection in pet mice, and laboratory mice are susceptible to infec­tion and disease. Because Lawsonia has been docu­mented in laboratory rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, and rabbits, as well as its relative lack of host specificity, it is wise to keep Lawsonia in mind as a possible pathogen in mice. Experimental inoculation of 129SvEv and 129- interferon-gamma receptor null mice resulted in hyper­plastic inflammation in the ileum and colon. B6 mice were also susceptible. Interferon-gamma receptor null mice were more severely affected, and also developed intestinal hemorrhage. In another experimental study, there was differential susceptibility among a variety of mouse strains to rabbit- and pig-origin L. intracelluaris, suggesting some degree of biological specificity among isolates. Enterocytes become colonized by bacteria in the apical cytoplasm, typical of Lawsonia infections in other species (see Hamster Chapter 3 and Rabbit Chapter 6, “Lawsonia intracellularis infection”). Older mice tend to recover from infection, but the susceptibility and disease course following inoculation of infant mice has not been examined.

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