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Subtelny Orest. Ukraine: A History. Fourth Edition. — University of Toronto Press,2009. — 888 ð.. 2009

Ukraine is the second-largest land in Europe. Its population is close to that of France and its GNP is comparable to Italy’s. Yet the political prerogatives of the Ukrainians as a nation – not only in Europe but even in their own well-endowed and highly developed land – are minimal. Today the source of ultimate decision-making power over all aspects of Ukrainians’ lives is located, as it has been for centuries, beyond the borders of their country. At a time when even the most impoverished and underdeveloped states in the third world enjoy full sovereignty, Ukraine has practically none. This great discrepancy is a historical puzzle, one that calls for an examination of the often overlooked and even more frequently misunderstood past of Ukraine and the Ukrainians.

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Contents
Preface to the Fourth Edition
Preface to the Third Edition
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
UKRAINE: A HISTORY
Introduction The Earliest Times
The Earliest Inhabitants
The earliest traces of human habitation in Ukraine reach back about 150,000 years.
The nomads
The Cimmerians
The Scythians
The Sarmatians
The Greek Colonies in Ukraine
Part One Kievan Rus’
1 The Rise and Decline of Kievan Rus’
Overshadowed by the spectacular conquests of the nomads and by the sophisticated civilization of the coastal cities, the obscured population of Ukraine’s northern forests, meadows, and river banks seemed for ages to be little more than a human backdrop for the fast-moving developments in the south.
The East Slavs
The Normanist Controversy
The Rise of Kiev
The Early Rulers of Kiev
Kiev at Its Zenith
The Decline of Kiev
2 The Society and Culture of Kievan Rus’
In terms of its political organization, it is simpler to establish what Kievan Rus’ was not rather than what it was.
The Political Order
Social Organization
Economic Activity
Kievan Culture
3 Galicia-Volhynia
The disintegration of vast, hurriedly established political conglomerates, such as Kievan Rus’, was a common phenomenon in the medieval period.
Regionalism
The Ukrainian Southwest: Galicia-Volhynia
Part Two The Polish-Lithuanian Period
4 Under Polish and Lithuanian Rule
For millennia Ukraine had been the crucible of mighty political conglomerates such as the Scythian, Sarmatian, and Kievan realms.
Lithuanian Expansion into Ukraine
Polish Expansion into Ukraine
The Union of Poland and Lithuania
The Union of Lublin (1569)
5 Social Structure and Economic Change
The ramifications of the Union of Lublin and the absorption of Ukrainian lands into Poland were not only political in nature;
Ukrainians in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Estate System in Ukraine
The Traditional Economy
Noble Ascendancy
The Enserfment of the Peasantry
6 Religion and Culture
The struggle to preserve their cultural identity has long been a central theme in the history of the Ukrainians.
Ecclesiastical and Cultural Affairs
The Polonization of the Ukrainian Nobility
The Orthodox Revival
The Union of Brest (1596)
Part Three The Cossack Era
7 The Formative Phase
Since the fall of Kiev in 1240, the western lands of Galicia and Volhynia had served as the stage for major developments in Ukrainian history.
Frontier Society
The Cossacks
The Early Insurrections
Ecclesiastical and Cultural Developments
8 The Great Revolt
The great uprising of 1648 was one of the most cataclysmic events in Ukrainian history.
On the Eve of the Great Revolt
Bohdan Khmelnytsky
The Pereiaslav Agreement
The Final Phase of the Great Revolt
9 The Ruin
The great Ukrainian uprising of 1648 succeeded where most mass uprisings in early modern Europe had failed: it expelled a magnate-elite from most of the land and replaced it with a regime based on a native model.
The New Order
Changes in the Social System
The Onset of the Ruin
The Left Bank under Russian Overlordship
Territorial Fragmentation
Cultural Activity
Ecclesiastical Changes
10 The Hetmanate
After the chaos of the period of Ruin subsided, the Hetmanate on the left bank of the Dnieper emerged as the center of Ukrainian political, cultural, and economic life.
Cossack Government
The Turning Point
The Decline of Ukrainian Autonomy
Russian Expansion
11 Society, Economies, and Culture
The experiment in Cossack egalitarianism had failed.
The Economy
Social Change in the Hetmanate
The Opening of the South
Demographic and Spatial Dimensions
The Right Bank under Polish Rule
Cultural Activity
Part Four Ukraine under Imperial Rule
12 Russian and Austrian Imperial Rule in Ukraine
For close to 150 years, from the late 18th to the early 20th centuries, Ukrainians lived in two empires: about 80% of them were subjects of the Russian emperors, and the remainder inhabited the Habsburg empire.*
The Russian Empire
Political Developments
Russian Imperial Reforms
The Austrian Empire
Ukrainians under Habsburg Rule
The Impact of Habsburg Reforms on West Ukrainians
13 The Growth of National Consciousness
Rarely has there been a more exciting, varied, and widespread flowering of new ideas than in the 19th century.
The Modern Idea of Nationhood
The Intelligentsia
The Building Blocks of National Identity
Shevchenko
The Brotherhood of Sts Cyril and Methodius
The Growth of National Consciousness in Western Ukraine
14 Imperial Reforms
Conservatism reigned supreme in all of Europe in the middle of the 19th century but nowhere was it more evident than in Austria and Russia, the two empires inhabited by Ukrainians.
Change in the Austrian Empire
Change in the Russian Empire
15 Socioeconomic Change
New ideas, political upheavals, and social reforms captured the attention of Europeans, Ukrainians included, during much of the 19th century.
The Troubled Countryside
Industrialization
National Minorities in Ukraine
16 Intelligentsia Activism
At the outset of the 19th century it was the imperial government that held the initiative in producing new ideas and providing society with a sense of direction.
The Ukrainophiles
The Russian Revolutionary Movement in Ukraine
Ukrainian Political Parties
The Revolution of 1905
Cultural Development
17 Eastern Galicia: A Bastion of Ukrainianism
How much benefit can legal reforms bring to a society that is economically impoverished, socially underdeveloped, culturally stagnant, and politically weak?
The Socioeconomic Aspect
The New Political Order
The Ukrainian Response
The Organizational Upsurge
The Polish/Ukrainian Confrontation
Bukovyna and Transcarpathia
Part Five Twentieth-Century Ukraine
18 War and Revolution
The First World War was Europe’s first shocking experience with modern mass warfare.
Ukrainians in the First World War
The Russian Revolutions
The Revolution in Ukraine
The Bolshevik Coup and the Central Rada
19 The Ukrainian Revolution
After the Bolshevik coup, the revolution turned into a civil war. Gone were the euphoria, the feeling of solidarity, the massive demonstrations, tumultuous assemblies, and heated debates of 1917.
The Hetmanate
Anarchy
The Directory
The Bolsheviks
The Struggle in the West
The Denouement
Bolshevik Victory
20 Soviet Ukraine: The Innovative Twenties
Almost seven years of war and civil strife had left the Bolshevik-controlled parts of the former Russian Empire in shambles.
War Communism and NEP
The Creation of the Soviet Union
Ukrainization
National Communism
The Cultural Upsurge
Ecclesiastical Activity
21 Soviet Ukraine: The Traumatic Thirties
By the end of the 1920s the Bolsheviks were ready to resume the drive for the creation of a truly communist society.
Stalin and Stalinism
The Great Transformation
The Famine of 1932–33
The Great Terror
The End of Ukrainization
22 Western Ukraine between the Wars
A new political order emerged in Eastern Europe after the First World War as nation-states replaced the empires that had, until recently, ruled the region.
The New Status of the West Ukrainians
Poland’s Policies toward the Ukrainians
Socioeconomic Conditions
The Ukrainian Response
The Revolutionary Movement
Ukrainians under Romanian Rule
Ukrainians in Czechoslovakia
23 Ukraine during the Second World War
It seemed, as Europe moved toward the Second World War, that Ukrainians had little to lose from the radical changes that it promised to bring.
The War in Ukraine: Phase One
The War in Ukraine: Phase Two
The OUN and Nazi Germany
Nazi Rule in Ukraine
Resistance
The Soviet Return to Ukraine
24 Reconstruction and Retrenchment
The impact of the Second World War on Ukraine was not only devastating but unusually far-reaching.
Territorial Settlements and Population Changes
Reconstruction
The Absorption of Western Ukraine
Stalinist Retrenchment
25 The Thaw
Stalin’s death introduced a new era in Soviet history.
The New Leadership
Ukraine: Second among Equals
De-Stalinization
Economic Experimentation
Intellectual Ferment
The Reaction
26 Stagnation and Attempts at Reform
During its early decades in power, the Soviet regime was the most radical and innovative in the world.
The Men at the Top
Dissent
Russification
Social Change
The Gorbachev Era
27 The Immigrants
During the last century, millions of Ukrainians left their homeland in search of more favorable conditions elsewhere.
The First Wave: The Pre-1914 Immigration
The Second Wave: Immigrants and Emigres of the Interwar Period
The Third Wave: The Post-Second World War Displaced Persons
28 The Ukrainian Diaspora
Today over 2.5 million people of Ukrainian descent live outside the borders of the Soviet Union.
The Ukrainian Americans
The Ukrainian Canadians
Ukrainian Communities beyond North America
The Ukrainians of Eastern Europe
29 The New Era
A major theme in the history of the 20th century has been the struggle of nations against empires.
Reform and Its Unintended Results
Independence
30 The Troubled Transition
In the decade after 1991, the paramount feature of life in the new Ukraine was change.
International Relations
State- and Nation-Building
Politics
Economy
Society
31 The Age of Globalization
An independent Ukraine arose amidst the disintegration of the old Soviet system.
Domestic Politics
International Relations
State and Nation Building
Economy
Society
Notes
Abbreviation
Glossary
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
Selected Readings in English
Index

Books and textbooks on the discipline History of Ukraine:

  1. Kohut Zenon E., Sklokin Volodymyr, Sysyn Frank E., Bilous Larysa (eds.). Eighteenth-Century Ukraine: New Perspectives on Social, Cultural and Intellectual History. McGill-Queen's University Press,2023. — 668 p. - 2023 ãîä
  2. Palko Olena (ed.). Ukraine's Many Faces: Land, People and Culture Revisited. Transcript Verlag,2023. — 404 p. - 2023 ãîä
  3. Viola Lynne, Junge Marc-Stephan (eds.). Laboratories of Terror: The Final Act of Stalin's Great Purge in Soviet Ukraine. Oxford University Press,2023. — 565 p. - 2023 ãîä
  4. Urban A.L., McLeod C.. Zelensky: The Unlikely Ukrainian Hero Who Defied Putin and United the World. Washington: Regnery Publ.,2022. — 192 p. - 2022 ãîä
  5. Vaughn Marc M.. The History of Ukraine and Russia: The Tangled History That Led to Crisis. History Demystified,2022. — 164 p. - 2022 ãîä
  6. Plokhy Serhii. The Frontline: Essays on Ukraine’s Past and Present. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute,2021. — 416 p. - 2021 ãîä
  7. Prymak T.. Ukraine, the Middle East, and the West. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press,2021. — 306 p. - 2021 ãîä
  8. Yekelchyk S.. Ukraine: What Everyone Needs to Know. 2nd ed. — Oxford: Oxford University Press,2020. — 234 p. - 2020 ãîä
  9. Shkandrij Myroslav. Revolutionary Ukraine, 1917-2017: History’s Flashpoints and Today’s Memory Wars. Routledge,2019. — 216 p. - 2019 ãîä
  10. Basilevsky Alexander. Early Ukraine: A Military and Social History to the Mid-19th Century. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers,2016. — 397 p. - 2016 ãîä
  11. Liber G.O.. Total Wars and the Making of Modern Ukraine, 1914-1954. University of Toronto Press,2016. — 453 p. - 2016 ãîä
  12. Pinkham Sophie. Black Square: Adventures in Post-Soviet Ukraine. New York: W. W. Norton & Company,2016. — 304 p. - 2016 ãîä
  13. Plokhy S.. The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine. Basic Books,2015. — 460 p. - 2015 ãîä
  14. Yekelchuk S.. Stalin's Empire of Memory: Russian-Ukrainian Relations in the Soviet Historical Imagination. Toronto: University of Toronto Press,2014. — 252 p. - 2014 ãîä
  15. The History of Ukraine : summary of lectures / A. Pastushenko. - Kh. : Publishing House of KhNUE,2013. - 152 p. (English) - 2013 ãîä
  16. Veidlinger Jeffrey. In the shadow of the shtetl: small-town Jewish life in Soviet Ukraine. Bloomington: Indiana University Press,2013. — 424 p. - 2013 ãîä
  17. Magocsi Paul Robert. History of Ukraine The Land and Its Peoples. 2nd Edition. — Toronto: University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division,2010. — 896 p. - 2010 ãîä
  18. Yermolenko G.I.. Roxolana in European Literature, History and Culture. Routledge,2010. — 334 p. - 2010 ãîä
  19. Petrovsky-Shtern Yohanan. The Anti-Imperial Choice. The Making of the Ukrainian Jew. New Haven; London: Yale University Press,2009. — 384 p. - 2009 ãîä
  20. Plokhy S.. Ukraine and Russia: Representations of the Past. University of Toronto Press,2008. — 412 ð. - 2008 ãîä
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