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Deutsch Morton, Coleman Peter T., Marcus Eric C.. The Handbook of Conflict Resolution. Theory and Practice. 2nd edition. — Jossey-Bass,2000. — 649 p.. 2000

This handbook is concerned with finding cooperative, win-win solutions to conflict, no matter how difficult. The Handbook of Conflict Resolution is accessible and valuable to a wide variety of groups who have an interest in constructive conflict management: to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as their professors, in a number of academic fields such as psychology, education, sociology, political science, business, international relations, law, social work, and health care.

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CONTENTS
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION
Morton Deutsch
In this introduction, I give some examples of conflicts and indicate the kinds of questions one might pose to understand what is going on in the conflicts— questions that are addressed in many of the following chapters.
A CONFLICT BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE
AN INTERGROUP CONFLICT AT A SCHOOL
THE CONFLICT IN NORTHERN IRELAND
SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT CONFLICT
SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE ORIENTATION OF THEORISTS AND PRACTITIONERS
A BRIEF HISTORY OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIZING ABOUT CONFLICT
References
PART ONE INTERPERSONAL AND INTERGROUP PROCESSES
CHAPTER ONE Cooperation and Competition
Morton Deutsch
Some time ago, in the garden of a friend’s house, my five-year-old son and his chum were struggling over possession of a water hose.
A THEORY OF COOPERATION AND COMPETITION
THE EFFECTS OF COOPERATION AND COMPETITION
CONSTRUCTIVE AND DESTRUCTIVE COMPETITION
INITIATING COOPERATION AND COMPETITION
SUMMARY OF THE THEORY OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION
IMPLICATIONS OF THE THEORY FOR UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT
IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGING CONFLICT
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWO Justice and Conflict
Morton Deutsch
That’s not fair expresses a feeling that frequently leads to conflict.
WHAT FORMS DOES INJUSTICE TAKE?
TYPES OF INJUSTICE
IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING CONFLICT
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER THREE Constructive Controversy
The Value of Intellectual Opposition
David W. Johnson Roger T. Johnson Dean Tjosvold
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTELLECTUAL CONFLICT
WHAT IS CONSTRUCTIVE CONTROVERSY?
THEORY
RESEARCH RESULTS: HOW PARTICIPANTS BENEFIT
STRUCTURING CONSTRUCTIVE CONTROVERSIES
CONSTRUCTIVE CONTROVERSY AND DECISION MAKING
CONSTRUCTIVE CONTROVERSY AND ACADEMIC LEARNING
CONSTRUCTIVE CONTROVERSY AND DEMOCRACY
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER FOUR Trust, Trust Development, and Trust Repair1
Roy J. Lewicki
The relationship between conflict and trust is an obvious one.
WHAT IS TRUST?
A DEFINITION OF TRUST
WHY IS TRUST CRITICAL TO RELATIONSHIPS?
MANAGING TRUST AND DISTRUST IN CONFLICT SITUATIONS
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER FIVE Power and Conflict
Peter T. Coleman
In the Sonagachi red-light district in Calcutta, India, prostitutes have organized to mobilize against AIDS, altering the power structure by challenging any pimp or madam who would insist on a customer’s right to sex without a condom.
A DISCUSSION OF POWER
COMPONENTS OF POWER
Implications for training in conflict resolution
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER SIX Communication and Conflict
Robert M. Krauss Ezequiel Morsella
Battle, n. A method of untying with the teeth a political knot that would not yield to the tongue. —Ambrose Bierce, The Devil’s Dictionary (1911)
When neighbors feud, lovers quarrel, or nations war, the predictable rem­edy prescribed by the voices of reason is communication.
FOUR COMMUNICATION PARADIGMS
FORM VERSUS SUBSTANCE: BOTH MATTER
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER SEVEN LANGUAGE, PEACE, AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
Francisco Gomes de Matos
This chapter aims at enhancing an understanding of the interrelationship of language, peace, and conflict resolution by drawing on approaches, insights, and practices from current interdisciplinary sources.
CONCEPTS OF LANGUAGE, PEACE, AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
IMPLICATIONS FOR AN APPLIED PEACE LINGUISTICS
CONSTRUCTIVE COMMUNICATION
CONSTRUCTIVE COMMUNICATION RESEARCH
CONCLUSION
References
APPENDIX
CHAPTER EIGHT Intergroup Conflict
Ronald J. Fisher
Intergroup conflict is expressed in many forms and in many different settings in all societies.
INTERGROUP CONFLICT: SOURCES AND DYNAMICS
IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING AND PRACTICE
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER NINE The PSDM Model: Integrating Problem Solving and Decision Making in Conflict Resolution
Eben A. Weitzman Patricia Flynn Weitzman
One way to think about what people do when they resolve conflict is that they solve a problem together.
A SIMPLE MODEL
PROBLEM SOLVING
DECISION MAKING
UNDERSTANDING PROBLEM SOLVING AND DECISION MAKING IN CONFLICT SITUATIONS
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING AND PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TEN Gender Conflict and the Family
Janice M. Steil Liora Hoffman
Families are arenas of gender and generational struggles, crucibles of caring and conflict, in which claims for an identity are rooted and separateness and solidarity are continually created and contested (Ferree, 1990).
INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW
IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE CONFLICT
IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION
References
PART TWO INTRAPSYCHIC PROCESSES
CHAPTER ELEVEN Judgmental Biases in Conflict Resolution and How to Overcome Them
Leigh Thompson Janice Nadler Robert B. Lount, Jr.
Acommon misconception held by negotiators and dispute resolution professionals is that conflict escalation, stalemates, impasses, and lose- lose agreements are driven by intransigence and self-interested motiva­tion.
COGNITIVE BIASES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Implications for conflict management
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING PEOPLE
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWELVE Emotion and Conflict: Why It Is Important to Understand How Emotions Affect Conflict and How Conflict Affects Emotions
Evelin G. Lindner
We have all experienced strong emotions related to conflict.
THE NATURE OF EMOTIONS
THE INTERACTION BETWEEN EMOTION AND CONFLICT
HOW TO INTERVENE IN CONFLICT, CONTROL NEGATIVE EMOTIONS, AND FOSTER POSITIVE EMOTIONS
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER THIRTEEN Self-Regulation in the Service of Conflict Resolution
Walter Mischel Aaron L. DeSmet Ethan Kross
Some of the most frustrating conflicts are those that people fight within their own heads, as they struggle with the dilemmas and temptations they encounter and create, as has been chronicled ever since Adam was tempted by Eve and Paradise was lost forever.
UNDERSTANDING “WILLPOWER”
FROM HOT TO COOL: ENABLING WILLPOWER
INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT
SELF-REGULATORY PLANS AND IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
MODELING/ROLE PLAY/REHEARSAL
CONCLUSION
References
PART THREE PERSONAL DIFFERENCES
CHAPTER FOURTEEN Implicit Theories and Conflict Resolution
Carol S. Dweck Joyce Ehrlinger
Prejudice is at the root of many intractable conflicts.
MEASURING PEOPLE'S THEORIES
STRATEGIES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER FIFTEEN Personality and Conflict
Sandra V. Sandy Susan K. Boardman Morton Deutsch
Throughout literary history, many novelists and playwrights have defined personality as “destiny,” poignantly illustratingthe “inevitability” of their protagonist’s fate as a consequence of character traits that relentlessly deter­mine his or her choices in life.
REPRESENTATIVE MODELS OF PERSONALITY
TRAIT APPROACHES
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER SIXTEEN The Development of Conflict Resolution Skills
Preschool to Adulthood
Sandra V. Sandy
Anna Hall considered manners more important than feelings, and beauty most important of all.
In early childhood, feelings and emotions are the primary intellectual puz­zles that children are required to solve before they can successfully maneu­ver through the complicated cognitive tasks of later development.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
EARLY CHILDHOOD
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
ADOLESCENCE
CONCLUSION
References
PART FOUR CREATIVITY AND CHANGE
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN Creativity and Conflict Resolution
The Role of Point of View
Howard E. Gruber
First conundrum: educators often view conflict as the problem child, the practitioner’s task as elimination of conflict.
EVOLVING SYSTEMS APPROACH
THE SHADOW BOX EXPERIMENTS
THE IMPORTANCE OF POINT OF VIEW
References
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN Some Guidelines for Developing a Creative Approach to Conflict
Peter T. Coleman Morton Deutsch
In his stimulating essay on creativity and conflict resolution in Chapter Sev­enteen, Howard Gruber raises a number of important questions, which we discuss briefly before presenting some guidelines to creative conflict resolution.
CREATIVITY RESULTING FROM CONFLICT
NOVEL POINT OF VIEW
TIME AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
PLAY AND CREATIVITY
INDIVIDUAL WORK AND COLLABORATION
TECHNIQUES FOR STIMULATING NOVEL IDEAS
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER NINETEEN Creativity in the Outcomes of Conflict
Peter J. Carnevale
It were not best that we should all think alike; it is difference of opinion that makes horse races. — (Mark Twain, “The Tragedy of Pudd'Nhead Wilson,” 1894)
How does creativity play out in social conflict?
OVERVIEW: PERSON, PROCESS, AND PRODUCT
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWENTY Change and Conflict
Motivation, Resistance, and Commitment
Eric C. Marcus
Change means movement. Movement means friction. Only in the frictionless vacuum of a nonexistent abstract world can movement or change occur without that abrasive friction of conflict. —Alinsky (1971, p. 21)
In thischapter, I consider the relationship between change processes and con­flict.
THEORETICAL CONCEPTIONS OF THE CHANGE PROCESS
SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE Changing Minds
Persuasion in Negotiation and Conflict Resolution
Alison Ledgerwood Shelly Chaiken Deborah H. Gruenfeld Charles M. Judd
The focus of this chapter is on persuasion and attitude change in negotia­tion, mediation, and conflict resolution.
AN OVERVIEW OF PERSUASION THEORY AND RESEARCH
PERSUASION IN THE CONTEXT OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO Learning Through Reflection
Victoria J. Marsick Alfonso Sauquet Lyle Yorks
In this chapter, we introduce a framework for learning from experience through reflection, an adaptation of Marsick and Watkins’ model of informal and inci­dental learning (Cseh, Watkins, and Marsick, 1999; Marsick and Watkins, 1990; Watkins and Marsick, 1993) and relate it to the challenges of conflict res­olution.
OUR MODEL OF LEARNING THROUGH REFLECTION ON EXPERIENCE
CRITICAL REFLECTION
ACTION SCIENCE
EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
USING REFLECTION AND CRITICAL REFLECTION TO LEARN FROM EXPERIENCE
ILLUSTRATING THE MODEL
USE OF REFLECTION DURING CONFLICT
USE OF REFLECTION AFTER CONFLICT
ILLUSTRATING THE USE OF REFLECTION BEFORE A NEW CONFLICT
USING THE MODEL TO FACILITATE LEARNING THROUGH REFLECTION
FACILITATION OF REFLECTION DURING THE EXPERIENCE OF CONFLICT
FACILITATION OF REFLECTION BEFORE OR AFTER CONFLICT
CONCLUSION
References
PART FIVE DIFFICULT CONFLICTS
CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE Aggression and Violence
Susan Opotow
Prompted to think about aggression and violence, we may recall a personal incident, a friend’s trauma, a community incident, or recent news.
THEORIES OF AGGRESSION AND VIOLENCE: FROM DISPOSITION TO CONTEXT
MORAL THEORIES OF AGGRESSION AND VIOLENCE
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR Intractable Conflict
Peter T. Coleman
When destructive conflicts persist for long periods of time and resist every attempt to resolve them constructively, they can appear to take on a life of their own.
Characteristics of intractable conflicts
APPROACHES TO ADDRESSING INTRACTABLE CONFLICT: FIVE PARADIGMS
IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERVENTION IN INTRACTABLE CONFLICT
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE Moral Conflict and Engaging Alternative Perspectives
Beth Fisher-Yoshida Ilene Wasserman
Ayoung woman lies in a nursing home kept alive solely by a feeding tube.
WHAT CONSTITUTES A MORAL CONFLICT?
THEORIES FOR ANALYZING MORAL CONFLICT
A MODEL AND PROCESS FOR WORKING WITH MORAL CONFLICT: CMM
ENGAGING THE OTHER SIDE
WORKING WITH MORAL CONFLICTS
IMPLICATIONS
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX Matters of Faith
Religion, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution
Bridget Moix
The God of peace is never glorified by human violence. —Thomas Merton
For nearly two decades, a rebel movement calling itself the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) has been locked in armed conflict with the government of Uganda, leaving two million people displaced in the northern Acholi region and creating what the United Nations has called one of the worst humanitarian disasters in the world.
RELIGIOUS AWAKENINGS
RELIGION AS THIRD SIDE
Challenges to a religious third side
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN Conflict Resolution and Human Rights
Andrea Bartoli Yannis Psimopoulos
The fields of inquiry of human rights and conflict resolution are developing rapidly and poised to encounter further expansion in the near future.
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS DOCTRINES
THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AS A CONTEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT
CURRENT UNDERSTANDINGS OF HUMAN RIGHTS
INTERDEPENDENCE OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND HUMAN RIGHTS
DIFFERENT APPROACHES BETWEEN CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND HUMAN RIGHTS FIELDS
SYNERGY BETWEEN THE FIELDS OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION
GENOCIDE PREVENTION
CONCLUSION
References
PART SIX CULTURE AND CONFLICT
CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT Culture and Conflict
Paul R. Kimmel
If our world is to become a global village, the need for better understanding and communication among peoples from different cultures is crucial.
THEORY
EDUCATION
IMPLICATIONS FOR CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
Conclusion
References
CHAPTER TWENTY-NINE Multicultural Conflict Resolution
Paul Pedersen
The multicultural perspective in conflict resolution has important benefits for leaders and organizations.
INTRODUCTION: MULTICULTURALISM AS A FOURTH FORCE
THEORETICAL BASIS OF MULTICULTURALISM
IMPLICATIONS OF MULTICULTURALISM FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION
Implications for education and training
APPLYING THE CULTURAL GRID TO INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER THIRTY Cooperative and Competitive Conflict in China
Dean Tjosvold Kwok Leung David W. Johnson
China is a powerful test of the universalistic aspirations of Deutsch’s (1949, 1973) theory of cooperation and competition and, in particular, its utility for understanding the conditions and dynamics through which conflict becomes constructive.
Constructive controversy
CROSS-CULTURAL STUDIES
LEADERSHIP IN A HIERARCHICAL SOCIETY
THE VALUE OF APPLYING THE THEORY IN CHINA
CONFLICT FOR POSITIVE DIVERSITY
CONCLUSION
References
PART SEVEN MODELS OF PRACTICE
CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE Teaching Conflict Resolution Skills in a Workshop
Ellen Raider Susan Coleman Janet Gerson
This chapter describes the Coleman Raider model, used to teach negotiation and mediation skills to adult learners.
INSIGHTS FROM PRACTICE
OVERVIEW OF THE COLEMAN RAIDER WORKSHOP DESIGN
WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES AND PEDAGOGY
SEVEN WORKSHOP MODULES
CONCLUSION
POSTSCRIPT
References
CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO Mediation Revisited
Kenneth Kressel
Mediation may be defined as a process in which disputants attempt to resolve their differences with the assistance of an acceptable third party.
THEORY AND RESEARCH
IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING CONFLICT
IMPLICATIONS FOR TRAINING
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE Managing Conflict Through Large-Group Methods
Barbara Benedict Bunker
This chapter begins in practice and works backward toward the theoretical question: Are there situations where managing conflict is enough... in which our socialized desire for conflict resolution may be more than is really needed for joint action?
WHAT ARE LARGE-GROUP INTERVENTION METHODS?
THREE TYPES OF LARGE-GROUP METHODS
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR Conflict in Organizations
W. Warner Burke
Think of a man fifty-four years of age who has been with his employer for twenty-five years.
PERSONAL/INDIVIDUAL
INTERPERSONAL
RESOLVING CONFLICT BETWEEN GROUPS
CASE EXAMPLE
CONCLUSION
Interorganizational
Summary
References
CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE Eight Suggestions from the Small-Group Conflict Trenches
Kenneth Sole
Because I manage an organizational change consulting firm, I am often asked to describe my work (and am thankful for that request when it occurs).
SUPPORT, WHEN POSSIBLE
INCREASE SUPPORT SUCCESS
BUILD THE SUPPORT RELATIONSHIP
ENCOURAGE BENEFICIAL CONFLICT
AVOID THE CONSTRAINTS OF POLITENESS
CREATE A “CONCERT”
ASSERT AUTHORITY
EXTRACT MODELING BENEFITS
CONCLUSION
PART EIGHT LOOKING TO THE FUTURE CHAPTER THIRTY-SIX
A Framework for Thinking About Research on Conflict Resolution Initiatives
Morton Deutsch Jennifer S. Goldman
In this chapter, we sketch out a framework for thinking about research on con­flict resolution initiatives (CRIs).1
TYPES OF RESEARCH
AUDIENCES FOR RESEARCH
RESEARCH STRATEGIES
RESEARCH EVALUATING CONFLICT RESOLUTION INITIATIVES
CONCLUSION
References
CHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN Some Research Frontiers in the Study of Conflict and Its Resolution
Dean G. Pruitt
It would be idle to assume that a single chapter can be a comprehensive guide to the gaps in the field of conflict studies.
ORIGINS OF CONFLICT
STRATEGIC CHOICE
Escalation
MEDIATION
READINESS FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION
CONCLUSION
References
CONCLUDING OVERVIEW
Peter T. Coleman Eric C. Marcus
We begin the conclusion of this volume with a story of hope.
THE CHALLENGES THAT LIE AHEAD
References
RECOMMENDED READING
ABOUT THE EDITORS
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS
NAME INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX

Books and textbooks on the discipline General conflictology:

  1. Algert Nance, Rogers Kenita S.. Conflict Management and Dialogue in Higher Education. Information Age Publishing,2020. — 227 p. - 2020 ãîä
  2. Harker C., Horschelmann K. (Eds.). Conflict, Violence and Peace. Springer,2017. — 456 p. - 2017 ãîä
  3. Churchman David. Why We Fight: The Origins, Nature and Management of Human Conflict. UPA,2013. — 336 p. - 2013 ãîä
  4. Oetzel John, Ting-Toomey Stella. The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Communication: Integrating Theory, Research and Practice. SAGE Publications,2013. — 912 p. - 2013 ãîä
  5. Canary Daniel J., Lakey Sandra. Strategic Conflict. Routledge,2012. — 272 p. - 2012 ãîä
  6. Bercovitch Jacob, Kremenyuk Victor, Zartman I. William (eds).. The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Resolution. SAGE Publications,2009. — 704 p. - 2009 ãîä
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