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Antony Robert, Carroll Stuart, Pennock Caroline D. (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Violence. Volume 3: AD 1500-AD 1800. Cambridge University Press,2020. — 710 p.. 2020

Over the past half-century the period from about 1500 to 18001 has been widely recognised as being distinct in world history. This was an age that witnessed the consolidation and expansion of great empires, which were for the first time linked to each other by trans-oceanic contacts and a sophisticated world trade system. These developments led to the world's first global conflicts and also the first attempts to limit conflict in international law. Since the nineteenth century a series of conventional dates have been suggested as marking the beginning of the period - 1453, the fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans; 1492, the transatlantic voyage of Columbus; 1498, the voyage of Vasco da Gama to India; and 1519, when the Spanish conquistadores landed in Mexico. Reactions to Eurocentric history have resulted in other suggestions, such as the death of Tamerlane, the great central Asian conqueror in 1405, which brought to a close a cycle of empire building that began with Genghis Khan in the late twelfth century; or the Chinese maritime expeditions under Zheng He, between 1405 and 1433, which took Chinese fleets as far as the east coast of Africa.

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Contents
Contributors to Volume iii
Introduction to Volume iii
PART I EMPIRE, RACE AND ETHNICITY
Terror, Horror and the British Atlantic Slave Trade in the Eighteenth Century
TREVOR BERNARD
Among the many images created by Europeans in the period of the abolition of the slave trade in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries is one undoubted masterpiece,
Terror versus Horror
James Field Stanfield and The Guinea Voyage
Violence in Africa
The Middle Passage
Transition to the Plantation
Revulsion and the Role of Violence in Abolitionist Discourse
Bibliographic Essay
Violence, Slavery and Race in Early English and French America
A Collective Regime of Violence and the Debate about the Abuse of Slaves
Physical and Symbolic Violence, or Slavery and Race
Slave and Maroon Violence
Bibliographic Essay
Race and Violence in Portuguese America
HAL LANGFUR
As the colony that gave Europe its archetype of tropical cannibalism and consumed more African bodies than any other American slave system, Brazil warrants a central place in the history of early modern racial violence.
Cordial Colonialism
Relations with Indians
Relations with Peoples of African Descent
Racial Violence and the End of Colonial Rule
Bibliographic Essay
Violence and Religion in the Ottoman Empire
MOLLY GREENE
Pierre Belon, the sixteenth-century French naturalist, wrote ‘the Turks force nobody to live according to the Turkish way, but all Christians are allowed to follow their own law.
Religion, Statecraft and Conquest, circa 1400-1600
Policing the Boundaries of Orthodoxy in the Seventeenth Century
Conclusion: Managing Religious Diversity
Bibliographic Essay
Human Sacrifice, Ritualised Violence and the Colonial Encounter in the Americas
WOLFGANG GABBERT
The period from 1500 to 1800 roughly corresponds to the colonial era in the Americas.
Human Sacrifice, Cannibalism and the Colonial Encounter
Native Diversity and the Varieties of Conquest and Colonialism
Amerindian Human Sacrifice and Ritual Violence
European Influence on Indigenous Forms of Ritualised Violence and Sacrifice
Ritualised Violence in Amerindian Rebellions
Ritualised Violence against Amerindians and among the Colonisers
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
PART II CULTURES OF WAR AND VIOLENCE
Chinese Ways of Warfare
KENNETH Μ. SWOPE
While much is made of the importance of ideology, most notably Confucianism, in enabling the Chinese imperial order to endure for over two millenia,
Warfare in the Ming-Qing Context
The Mongols
Rebels and Bandits
Ethnic Revolts
Pirates
The Japanese Invasions of Korea
The Manchus
Sectarian Rebels
Troop Mutinies
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
The Wars of Invasion in the Caribbean and Mesoamerica, 1492-1547
MATTHEW RESTALL
Turning Cortes into Columbus
The Caribbean: The ‘Yoke of Slavery'
The ‘Conquest of Mexico': ‘Some of Evil Disposition'
Thirty Years Wars: ‘A Bellicose People'
Bibliographic Essay
The Yogi's Way of War
Warfare in Europe
PETER H. WILSON
Early modern European warfare features prominently in several important discussions of early modern violence, notably the debate on the Military Revolution and its variants,
War and the State
Armed Forces as Institutions
The Conduct and Impact of War
Bibliographic Essay
War, State and the Privatisation of Violence in the Ottoman Empire
TOLGA U. ESMER
Historians have traditionally regarded the Ottoman Empire's failed second siege of Vienna in 1683 as a turning point in the empire's long history, bringing to an end centuries of military success and expansion.
The Ottoman Fiscal-Military State in Comparative Perspective
War and the Outsourcing of Imperial Violence
The Failure of Privatisation
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
PART III INTIMATE AND GENDERED VIOLENCE
Legal Understandings of Sexual and Domestic Violence in Late Imperial China
MATTHEW H. SOMMER
This chapter explains how sexual and domestic violence were understood according to elite norms that were codified in formal law in early modern China (1368-1800)1, with a focus on the judicial reforms of the eighteenth century.
‘Illicit Sex', Coercion and Consent in Ming-Qing Law
Sexual Violence within Marriage
From Status Performance to Gender Performance
Male-Male Rape in Qing Law
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Samurai, Masculinity and Violence in Japan
CONSTANTINE N. VAPORIS
In the early seventeenth century Japan transitioned from a period of pro­longed and nationwide internecine civil war (the Warring States period, 1467-1600) to an era of extended peace during the early modern, or Tokugawa, period.
The Early Modern Order and Samurai
Interpersonal Violence between Samurai: Acts of Revenge, Quarrels and Fights
Samurai Violence against Commoners
Self-inflicted Violence
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Gender and Violence in Early America
JOHN GILBERT MCCURDY
For William Byrd II, gendered violence was part of the daily routine. Born to wealth in 1674, Byrd owned thousands of acres in Virginia and oversaw dozens of people who made his estate profitable.
Sexual Contact and Conquest
The Household and Intimate Violence
Servants and Slaves
Revolutionary Changes
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Sexual and Family Violence in Europe
DIANNE HALL AND ELIZABETH MALCOLM
Any study of sexual and family violence in early modern Europe must first acknowledge and confront the problems of language and meaning.
Family and Household Violence
Sexual Violence
Infanticide
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Men Fighting Men: Europe from a Global Perspective
PIETER SPIERENBURG
This chapter focuses on homicide and serious interpersonal violence, male on male, in early modern Europe within a global context,
Homicide Rates
Honour versus Criminalisation
Homicide: Types and Motives
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Suicide in the Early Modern World
DAVID LEDERER
The Paradox of Self-Killing
‘The Violent against Themselves'
The Crime of Self-Murder
Global Comparisons: Self-Sacrifice and Gender
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
PART IV THE STATE, PUNISHMENT AND JUSTICE
Crime and Punishment in the Russian Empire
NANCY S. KOLLMANN
Russia's criminal justice regime in the early modern centuries might seem paradoxical.
Defining the Criminal Law
Judicial Procedure and Violence
Punishment
Representing Justice
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Homicide and Punishment in Eighteenth-Century China
THOMAS BUOYE
Over the last three decades a resurgence of interest in Chinese legal history and the opening of archives for the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) has contributed to an outpouring of scholarship on interpersonal violence, homicide and capital punishment in eighteenth-century China.
Homicide in Eighteenth-Century China
Inter-ethnic Violence on the Qing Frontier
‘Bare Sticks'
Killing the Family
Poverty Destroys the Family
‘Legislative Turn' in Punishment
Autumn Assizes
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Crime and Justice in Anglo-America
JACK D. MARIETTA
From the first permanent English settlement in North America to 1800, the character and causes of violence in Anglo-America revealed both continuities and changes.
Bibliographic Essay
Violence and Justice in Europe: Punishment, Torture and Execution
SARA BEAM
Michel Foucault's provocative critique of the modern prison system, first published in 1975, raises important questions about the evolution of justice in the West.
Torture
Punishment
Changing Attitudes to Justice
Bibliographic Essay
Legitimised Violence in Colonial Spanish America
MATTHEW RESTALL
Killing a Spaniard
Follow the Money
A Dance of Bureaucracy
Conclusion: Black Legend, White Legend, Red Legend
Bibliographic Essay
PART V POPULAR PROTEST AND RESISTANCE
Rebellion and Violence in Vietnam
GEORGE DUTTON
Although Vietnamese have been fighting among themselvessince even before recorded history, the early modern period saw arguably the most significant levels of violence until the second half of the twentieth century.
The Regional Roots of Conflict
The Beginnings of Violence and Conflict: The Rise of the Mac
The Nguyen-Trinh Divide: A Civil War Subdivides
Violence against Religious Minorities
Rebellion in the Trinh Realm
Inter-Ethnic Violence in the Nguyen Lands
Tay Son Uprising (1771-1802)
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Piracy in Asia and the West
KRIS LANE AND ROBERT ANTONY
This chapter examines robbery at sea as a long-standing global phenomenon, tracing patterns of waterborne violence as they developed in eastern and western seas from ancient to modern times, with an emphasis on the early modern period.
The Violent Nature of Piracy
Models of Piracy
Mediterranean Piracy
Piracy in the Indian Ocean
East and South East Asian Piracy
Piracy in the Americas
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Riots, Rebellions and Revolutions in Europe
JULIUS R. RUFF
Eruptions of collective popular violence punctuated the entire earlymodern period of European history and assumed three chief forms.
Bibliographic Essay
PART VI RELIGIOUS AND SACRED VIOLENCE
Religion and Violence in East Asia
THOMAS DAVID DUBOIS
Across East Asia, 1500-1800 was a time of sweeping political, social and economic change.
Transformations of Post-Mongol East Asia
Regulation and Repression of Religion
Violence in Religion
Organised Religious Violence
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Violence towards Heretics and Witches in Europe, 1022-1800
ROBERT W. THURSTON
This chapter focuses on violence against heretics and witches in Europe, above all in the western part, from the eleventh to the eighteenth centuries.
Heresy
Witchcraft
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Intercommunal Violence in Europe
PENNY ROBERTS
It is hard to dispute that the religious movement (or process of religious change) known as the European Reformation caused division and displace­ment on an unprecedented scale.[799]
Violence in the Community
Apocalypticism, Ritual and Carnival
Iconoclasm
Massacre and Atrocity
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Violence, Animals and Sport in Europe and the Colonies
BRUCE BOEHRER
Early modern Europe produced a philosophy - Cartesianism - and an attendant experimental method that denied to non-human animals the capacities for reason, consciousness and even suffering.
Hunting, Poaching and the Chase
Blood Sport and Ritual
Related Sporting Activities
Bibliographic Essay
PART VII REPRESENTATIONS AND CONSTRUCTIONS OF VIOLENCE
African Ritual Violence: Close Combat in Western Africa and the Diaspora
T. J. DESCH-OBI
This chapter will explore ritual violence in the form of close combat in pre­colonial western Africa (and the African diaspora) during the period of European contact from the mid fifteenth century until the late nineteenth century, a period which saw an end to the slave trade and the start of European colonisation.
Western Sudan's Elite Equestrian Violence
Combative Contests in the Western Savannah
Leopards and Ritual Combat in the Angolan Savannah
Danced Combat in Angola
Transatlantic Ritual Combat
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Intercultural Emblems of Violence in the Spanish Colonisation of the Americas
FEDERICO NAVARRETE
This chapter analyses the way in which extreme, destructive violence between different societies has been transformed by historical memory into the foundation of a new colonial order which integrates the groups that perpetrated it and those that bore its brunt.
Santiago in the Americas
Emblems of Indigenous Origin
Massacres in Mesoamerica
The Beheading of the Inca
Emblems of Violence in Other Regions of the Americas
Bibliographic Essay
Spectacles of Violence in China
ROBERT ANTONY
China was no less violent than any other society in the early modern age. Like Europe, late imperial China had its fair share of wars of empire and peasant rebellions, as well as violent crimes of murder, assault, rape and robbery.
Rock Fights and Youth Culture
Cockfights, Gambling and Chicken Beheadings
Sorcerers, Exorcism and Flagellation
Rituals of Punishment
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Visualising Violence in Reformation Europe
CHARLES ZIKA
The culture of early modern Europe was suffused with violence. Christianity's central event prior to the Reformation, and in the case of the Roman Church through the centuries that followed, was the violent death of Christ on Calvary,
Biblical and Classical Sources
Printmaking and Reformation
Crime and Punishment
Soldiers and Battle
Wars of Religion
Sack, Plunder, Lamentation
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Violence, Civil Society and European Civilisation
STUART CARROLL
The word ‘civilisation' is special in the West: ‘By this term Western society seeks to describe what constitutes its special character and what it is proud of: the level of its technology, the nature of its manners, the development of its scientific knowledge or view of the world, and much more.'1
Civility and its Discontents, 1500-1650
The Emergence of Civil Society, 1650-1750
The Invention of Civilisation
Conclusion
Bibliographic Essay
Index

Books and textbooks on the discipline World history:

  1. Beaton Roderick. The Greeks: A Global History. Basic Books,2021. — 608 p. - 2021 ãîä
  2. Bang Peter F., Bayly C.A., Scheidel Walter (eds.). The Oxford World History of Empire. Volume Two: The History of Empires. Oxford University Press,2020. — 1352 p. - 2020 ãîä
  3. Bang Peter F., Bayly C.A., Scheidel Walter (eds.). The Oxford World History of Empire. Volume One: The Imperial Experience. Oxford University Press,2020. — 584 p. - 2020 ãîä
  4. Edwards Louise, Penn Nigel, Winter Jay (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Violence. Volume 4: 1800 to the Present. Cambridge University Press,2020. — 676 p. - 2020 ãîä
  5. Fagan Garrett G., Fibiger Linda, Hudson Mark, Trundle Matthew (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Violence. Volume 1: The Prehistoric and Ancient Worlds. Cambridge University Press,2020. — 756 p. - 2020 ãîä
  6. Gordon Matthew, Kaeuper Richard, Zurndorfer Harriet (eds.). The Cambridge World History of Violence. Volume 2: AD 500-AD 1500. Cambridge University Press,2020. — 696 p. - 2020 ãîä
  7. Abulafia David. The Boundless Sea: A Human History of the Oceans. Oxford University Press,2019. — 1088 p. - 2019 ãîä
  8. Bagge Sverre H.. State Formation in Europe, 843-1789: A Divided World. Routledge,2019. — 306 p. - 2019 ãîä
  9. Armitage David, Bashford Alison et al. (eds.). Oceanic Histories. Cambridge University Press,2018. — 338 p. - 2018 ãîä
  10. Barcelo Juan A., Del Castillo Florencia (eds.). Simulating Prehistoric and Ancient Worlds. Springer,2016. — 410 p. - 2016 ãîä
  11. Bauer Susan Wise. The Story of the World: History for the Classical Child: Volume 1: Ancient Times: From the Earliest Nomads to the Last Roman Emperor. Peace Hill Press,2015. — 338 p. - 2015 ãîä
  12. Aldrich Robert, McKenzie Kirsten (eds.). The Routledge History of Western Empires. Routledge,2014. — 542 p. - 2014 ãîä
  13. Alpers Edward A.. The Indian Ocean in World History. Oxford University Press,2014. — 182 p. - 2014 ãîä
  14. Abulafia David. The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean. London: Allen Lane; Penguin Books,2012. — 816 p. - 2012 ãîä
  15. Aberth John. Plagues in World History. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,2011. — 257 p. - 2011 ãîä
  16. Abbenhuis Maartje, Buttsworth Sara. Restaging War in the Western World: Noncombatant Experiences, 1890-Today. Palgrave Macmillan,2009. — 242 p. - 2009 ãîä
  17. Adolf Antony. Peace: A World History. Polity,2009. — 298 p. - 2009 ãîä
  18. Ansary Tamim. Destiny Disrupted: A History of the World Through Islamic Eyes. PublicAffairs,2009. — 416 p. - 2009 ãîä
  19. Best Antony. International History of the Twentieth Century and Beyond. Routledge,2008. — 638 p. - 2008 ãîä
  20. Abernethy David B.. The Dynamics of Global Dominance: European Overseas Empires, 1415-1980. Yale University Press,2002. — 524 p. - 2002 ãîä
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